内蒙古鄂温克族牧民砖茶型氟铝联合中毒调查

目的调查鄂温克族牧民砖茶型氟铝联合中毒病情。方法随机对鄂温克族16~55岁男女均衡62名牧民进行发、血清、尿氟铝水平及血清电解质、生物化学检查,同时检测饮水、牛奶、砖茶、奶茶等氟铝水平,并进行临床检诊和拍摄前臂、骨盆正位X线片,不饮用砖茶的16~55岁男女均衡41名居民为对照组。结果发、血清、尿铝水平牧民组分别为(24.60±9.82)mg/Kg、(0.78±0.25)、(2.84±0.65)mg/L,对照组分别为(12.50±4.55)mg/kg、(0.18±0.11)、(2.09±0.64)mg/L;发、血清、尿氟水平牧民组分别为(1.00±0.52)mg/kg、(0.10±0.10)、(2.74±1.42)mg/L,对照组分别为(1.39±1.34)mg/kg、(0.04±0.03)、(0.87±0.43)mg/L;牧民发、血、尿铝及血、尿氟显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。牧民组血清AST、LDH、HBDH、ALP显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。X线摄片牧民组氟骨症检出率50.00%,关节退行性变检出率61.29%,骨间膜骨化33.87%,疏松型改变检出率29.03%,硬化型改变检出率8.06%;对照组氟骨症检出率2.44%,退行性变检出率34.15%,疏松型改变检出率21.95%,骨间膜骨化检出率2.44%,硬化型改变2.44%,X线氟骨症、关节退行性变、骨间膜骨化牧民组均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论内蒙古鄂温克族牧民饮茶型氟中毒病情较为严重,其发病机理较为复杂,并导致多组织、器官损伤,可能为砖茶型氟铝联合中毒。

新型二维异核配位聚合物{[NdBi(cydta)(NO_3)_2(H_2O)_4]·2.5H_2O}_n的晶体结构与热分解

由Bi(Hcydta).5H2O和Nd(NO3).6H2O按1︰1的物质的量比,在水溶液中合成了含Bi(III)-Nd(III)的异核配位聚合物{[(NO3)Nd(H2O)4(μ3-cydta)Bi(μ-ONO2)].2.5H2O}n.用元素分析、红外光谱、热重-差热和X射线单晶衍射等手段对标题配合物的组成和结构进行了表征.该配合物属三斜晶系,空间群P1,晶胞参数:a=0.9235(3)nm,b=1.0902(4)nm,c=1.4253(5)nm,α=71.840(4)°,β=86.877(4)°,γ=76.991(4)°,Z=2,Mr=936.65,V=1.3284(8)nm3,Dc=2.342g.cm-3,μ=8.646mm-1,F(000)=900,最终偏离因子R1=0.0406,wR2=0.1124.在该配合物中,铋(III)与配体cydta4-的4O2N和1个硝酸根中1个O原子以及邻位分子的硝酸根形成8配位的畸变双帽三棱柱.钕(III)与4个水分子的O,1个硝酸根中2个O以及来自3个不同配体cydta4-的桥联羧基O结合,形成9配位的三帽三棱柱构型.羧酸根在Bi—Nd和硝酸根在Bi—Bi间的桥联作用...

Synthesis of Ruthenium Dioxide Nanoparticles by a Two-Phase Route and Their Electrochemical Properties

Dissolvable, size- and shape-controlled ruthenium dioxide nanoparticles are successfully achieved through a two-phase route. The influence of reaction time, temperature, and monomer concentration and the nature of capping agents on the morphologies of nanoparticles are studied through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A possible mechanism for the formation and growth of nanoparticles is also involved. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) confirms the amorphous structure for as-prepared ruthenium dioxide nanoparticles. Samples are immobilized by simple dip-coating on a current collector, and the cyclic voltammetry measurement is utilized to investigate their electrochemical properties. The specific capacitance of one sample can teach as high as 840 F g(-1), which reveals the promising application potential to electrochemical capacitors.

Shape memory effect of poly(L-lactide)-based polyurethanes with different hard segments

A series of biodegradable polylactide-based polyurethanes (PLAUs) were synthesized using PLA diol (M-n = 3200) as soft segment, 4,4 '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as hard segment, and 1,4-butanediol as chain extender. The structures and properties of these PLAUs were studied using infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile testing, and thermomechanical analysis. Among them, the MDI-based PLAU has the highest T-g, maximum tensile strength, and restoration force, the TDI-based PLAU has the lowest T-g, and the IPDI-based PLAU has the highest tensile modulus and elongation at break. They are all amorphous. The shape recovery of the three PLAUs is almost complete in a tensile elongation of 150% or a twofold compression. They can keep their temporary shape easily at room temperature (20 degrees C). More importantly, they can deform and recover at a temperature below their T-g values. Therefore, by selecting the appropriate hard segment and adjusting the ratio of hard to soft segments, they can meet different practical demands for shape memory medical devices.

淫羊藿苷的电喷雾质谱研究

研究了淫羊藿苷的电喷雾质谱行为 .结果表明 ,该化合物在正、负离子模式下均可得到较好的质谱信息 ,在负离子模式下 ,采用 H/D交换方法 ,证明淫羊藿苷易形成加合 2个水分子的准分子离子 .利用电喷雾碰撞诱导解离方法 ,分别阐明了该化合物在正、负离子模式下的电喷雾质谱碎裂规律

Novel prefractionation method can be used in proteomic analysis

For the first time, a novel prefractionation method used in proteomic analysis was developed, which is performed by a novel aqueous two-phase system (NATPS) composed of n-butanol, (NH4)(2)SO4, and water. It can separate proteomic proteins into multigroups by one-step extraction. The phase-separation conditions of n-butanol solutions were studied in the presence of commonly used inorganic salts. The NATPS was subsequently developed. Using human serum albumin, zein, and gamma-globulin as model proteins, the separation effectiveness of the NATPS for protein was studied under affection factors, i.e., pH, n-butanol volume, protein, or salt concentration. The model and actual protein samples were separated by the NATPS and then directly used for gel electrophoresis without separating the target proteins from phase-forming reagents. It revealed that the NATPS could separate proteomic proteins into multigroups by one-step extraction. The NATPS has the advantages of rapidity, simplicity, low cost, biocompability, and high efficiency. It need not separate target proteins from the phase-forming reagents. The NATPS has great significance in separation and extraction of proteomic proteins, as well as in methodology.

Novel macrocyclic precursors of poly{aryl ether ketone (sulfone)} containing hexafluoroisopropylidene units: Synthesis, characterization, and polymerization

Cyclic oligomers containing hexafluoroiso-propylidene(HFIP) units were prepared in excellent yields by a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of 4,4(7)- (hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol with difluoro-monomers in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate under pseudo high dilution conditions. A combination of GPC, MALDI-TOF MS and NMR analysis confirmed the structure of the cyclic oligomers. All macrocyclic oligomers are crystalline and undergo facile melt polymerization to give high molecular weight fluorinated polyethers.

Role of electron transfer of quinones in hydroxylation of phenol

It was found that at neutral pH the hydroxylation reaction rate of phenol was accelerated with an increase of the amounts of 1,4-quinone (1,4-BQ), This acceleration was ascribed to the formation of semiquinone from 1,4-BQ. The semiquinone and 1,4-BQ were suggested to play a role of actual oxidant (electron transfer) in the catalytic cycle. With further reaction, most 1,4-BQ was converted into 1,4-hydroquinone (HQ) and the corresponding mechanism was proposed.

X-ray crystallographic structure of meta- and para-dimethyl ester of pyromellitic acid

The polycrystalline powder of para- and meta-dimethyl ester of pyromellitic acid (PMDE) have been prepared by fractional crystallization, and their crystal structures have been determined by Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD). Both p-PMDE and m-PMDE was found to be orthorhombic crystal system, and their unit cell parameters a = 0.840 nm, b = 0.707 nm, c = 1.136 nm and a = 1.032 nm; b = 0.835 nm, c = 0.714 nm, respectively. Space group all belongs to P-mmm. p-PMDE has two molecules per unit cell with crystal density 1.388 g . cm(-3), while m-PMDE has two molecules per unit cell with crystal density 1.522 g . cm(-3). Indices of crystal diffraction peaks are also detailed in the present work. The difference in crystal structures between p-PMDE and m-PMDE has thus been used to explain the curing behavior of isomerically pyromellitic dianhydride-based poly(amic ester)s.

A NEW SCHEME FOR ASSIGNMENT OF A CANONICAL CONNECTION TABLE

A new algorithm for deriving canonical numbering of atoms in a molecular graph has been developed. Some graph invariants, such as node properties, degree (connectivity), topological path, the smallest node ring index, etc., are encoded together to partit

Nd-Fe-B-Si合金的研究

为了探索提高Nd-Fe-B磁性材料的居里温度T_C,我们采用了与文献不同的组成和制 条件,研究了Si对合金的物相、T_C等的影响,得出Nd-Fe-B-Si是一种有希望的非钴高居里温度合金体系. 试样系以钕铁、硅铁、硼铁和还原铁粉为原料,按 Nd_(15)Fe_(77-x)Si_xB_8(x=4、8、16、18 at％)配比,在石墨电阻炉内于Ar气保护下熔炼而成.T-σ曲线在日本MB-2型磁天平上测得;微区分析和x-射线衍射分别用JXA-840扫描电镜和日本理学2028x-射线衍射仪进行.