Response to comment on “The response of vegetation on the Andean flank in western Amazonia to Pleistocene climate change” – M.L. Cárdenas et al., Science 331, 1055 (25 February 2011)”.

Puyasena et al. question our interpretation of climate-driven vegetation change on the Andean flank in western Amazonia during the middle Pleistocene and suggest that the use of Podocarpus spp. as a proxy of past climate change should be reassessed. We defend our assertion that vegetation change at the Erazo study site was predominantly driven by climate change due to concomitant changes recorded by multiple taxa in the fossil record.

Evidence for magnetic phase separation in La(0.86)Sr(0.14)Mn(1-x)Cu(x)O(3+delta) manganites from NMR and magnetic measurements

Polycrystalline La(0.86)Sr(0.14)Mn(1-x)Cu(x)O(3+delta) (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) manganites were investigated by means of magnetic measurements and zero-field (139)La and (55)Mn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Magnetization versus temperature measurements revealed a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in most samples, with lower Curie temperatures and broader transitions for samples with higher Cu contents. The details of the magnetization measurements suggested a phase-separated scenario, with ferromagnetic clusters embedded in an antiferromagnetic matrix, especially for the samples with large Cu contents (x = 0.15 and 0.20). Zero-field (139)La NMR measurements confirmed this finding, since the spectral features remained almost unchanged for all Cu-doped samples, whereas the bulk magnetization was drastically reduced with increasing Cu content. (55)Mn NMR spectra were again typical of ferromagnetic regions, with a broadening of the resonance line caused by the disorder introduced by the Cu doping. The results indicate a coexistence of different magnetic phases in the manganites studied, with the addition of Cu contributing to the weakening of the double-exchange interaction in most parts of the material.

O jogo das interligadas: uma política pública em avaliação: a lei no. 10.209/86 do município de São Paulo: 1986-1993

Trata dos problemas de operacionalização da Lei Municipal n. 10.209 de 09 de dezembro de 1986, de seu aperfeiçoamento de 1988 a 1993 e dos resultados obtidos em habitações de interesse social doadas a Prefeitura pelos empreendedores imobiliários, em contrapartida a exceções à legislação de uso e ocupação do solo do Município de São Paulo.

Estado, administração publica e tecnoburocracia no Brasil: a experiencia realizada na Diretoria de Treinamento de Recursos Humanos da Fundação Escola de Serviço Publico do Rio de Janeiro (DTRH/FESP) - periodo 1983/86

O estudo que ora apresentamos nesta dissertação tem como objetivo principal a descrição e análise de projetos e atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito da Diretoria de Treinamento de Recursos Humanos da Fundaçio Escola de Serviço Público do Rio de Janeiro (DTRH/FESP), período 1983/86, referenciando-as vis-avis ao contexto econômico e político-social vigente à época.

Root system of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Mil(e)over-capnio fertilized with nitrogen and submitted to rotational stocking

The effect of nitrogen on the root system of the species Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Mil (e) over cap nio, under grazing, was evaluated. The N rates were 0; 150; 300 and 450 kg/ha. year. The root density was evaluated during pregrazing at five years of successive N application, in three depths (0-10; 10-20 and 20-40 cm) and the root growth at 7, 14, 21, and 35 days after grazing. The grazing method adopted was rotational stocking. Root length and root mass densities in pre-and post-grazing presented maximum values at rates 204, 206, 192, and 197 kg/ha of N, respectively. The root growth (in root length density) increased, on average, until 29 days after grazing at rates 0, 150, and 300 kg/ha; at 450 kg/ha N rate, the increase was linear. Independently of N rates, around 60 and 25% of IPR-86 Mil (e) over cap nio cultivar root system was concentrated in 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth, respectively.

Anisotropy of track revelation in epidote: Results of a step etching experiment with Kr-86 ion tracks

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Concerning CP violation in 331 models

We consider the implementation of CP violation in the context of 331 models. In particular we treat a model where only three scaler triplets are needed in order to give all fermions a mass while keeping neutrino massless. In this case all CP violation is provided by the scalar sector.

Sistema radicular do Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio adubado com nitrogênio e submetido à lotação rotacionada

Avaliou-se o efeito do nitrogênio no sistema radicular da espécie Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio, sob pastejo. As doses de N utilizadas foram 0; 150; 300 e 450 kg/ha.ano. As densidades de raízes no pré-pastejo foram avaliadas no quinto ano de aplicação de N, em três profundidades (0-10; 10-20 e 20-40 cm), com crescimento aos 7; 14; 21 e 35 dias após o pastejo. O método de pastejo utilizado foi o de lotação rotacionada. Os valores máximos de densidades de comprimento e de massa das raízes no pré e no pós-pastejo foram obtidos nas doses de N de 204; 206; 192 e 197 kg/ha, respectivamente. Nas doses de N de 0, 150 e 300 kg/ha, o crescimento das raízes (em densidade de comprimento) aumentou, em média, até 29 dias após o pastejo, enquanto, na dose 450 kg/ha, o aumento foi linear. Independentemente da dose de N, 60 a 25% do sistema radicular do cultivar IPR-86 Milênio concentrou-se nas camadas de 0-10 e 10-20 cm de profundidade, respectivamente.