中国西部退耕还林基本策略研究

环境发展，是国际社会关注的重大问题，２１世纪，生态危机成为人类面临的最大威胁，森林作为陆地生态系统的主体，自然成为世人瞩目的焦点。由于中国西部水土流失、土地沙化、水资源紧缺、生物多样性锐减等问题越来越突出，给人民的生活与国民经济发展造成巨大损失。退耕还林成为中华民族生存与发展的根本大计，这不仅关系到当代人的生存与发展，而且关系到子孙后代的生存与发展。据此提出了对策意见：①搞好国土绿化实行综合整治；②多方筹措资金提高投资效果；③实行人口转移减轻资源压力；④保护农民利益。

外生菌根真菌在大型露天煤矿生态修复中的应用研究

在霍林河露天煤矿脆弱生态地带的生态修复中 ,应用菌根生物技术 ,选用露天开采的剥离物绿色泥岩 ,以施肥和不施肥、泥岩氨化等处理进行不同条件的盆栽模拟试验 .结果表明 ,绿色泥岩接种菌根菌剂 ,不施肥的感染率和成活率均高出施肥的 1.2 1～ 2 .78倍和 1.0～ 2 .7倍 .供试的菌根菌剂中 ,0 10、A和B菌剂对贫瘠和渗透率低的土壤条件表现出较强的调控能力 .泥岩氨化对其理化条件虽能有所改善 ,但氨和磷聚集使幼苗成活时间甚短 .

Formation of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)-containing microstructures induced by electrostatic assembly and their application in solid-state detection of electrochemiluminescence

Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ((Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)) is one of the most extensively studied and used electrochemiluminescent (ECL) compounds owing to its superior properties, which include high sensitivity and stability under moderate conditions in aqueous solution. In this paper we present a simple method for the preparation of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)-containing microstructures based on electrostatic assembly The formation of such micro-structures occurs in a single process by direct mixing of aqueous solutions of [Ru(bpy)(3)]Cl-2 and K-3[Fe(CN)(6)] at room temperature. The electrostatic interactions between [Ru(bpy)(3)]Cl-2 cations and [Fe(CN)(6)](3-) anions cause them to assemble into the resulting microstructures. Both the molar ratio and concentration of reactants were found to have strong influences on the formation of these microstructures. Most importantly, the resulting [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)- containing microstructures exhibit excellent ECL behavior and, therefore, hold great promise for solid-state ECL detection in capillary electrophoresis (CE) or CE microchips.

Preparation and luminescence properties of in situ formed lanthanide complexes covalently grafted to a silica network

Lanthanide-doped sol-gel-derived materials are an attractive type of luminescent materials that can be processed at ambient temperatures. However, the solubility of the lanthanide complexes in the matrix is a problem and it is difficult to obtain a uniform distribution of the complexes. Fortunately, these problems can be solved by covalently linking the lanthanide complex to the sol-gel-derived matrix. In this study, luminescent Eu3+ and Tb3+ bipyridine complexes were immobilized on sol-gel-derived silica. FT-IR, DTA-TG and luminescence spectra, as well as luminescence decay analysis, were used to characterize the obtained hybrid materials. The organic groups from the bipyridine-Si moiety were mostly destroyed between 220 and 600 degreesC. The luminescence properties of lanthanide bipyridine complexes anchored to the backbone of the silica network and the corresponding pure complexes were comparatively investigated, which indicates that the lanthanide bipyridine complex was formed during the hydrolysis and co-condensation of TEOS and modified bipyridine. Excitation at the ligand absorption wavelength (336 nm for the hybrid materials and 350 nm for the pure complexes) resulted in strong emission of the lanthanide ions: Eu3+ D-5(0)-F-7(J) (J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) and Tb3+ D-5(4)-F-7(J) (J = 6, 5, 4, 3) emission lines due to efficient energy transfer from the ligands to the lanthanide ions.

Assemble of poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) three-dimensional tubal net-works onto ITO electrode and its application for the direct electrochemistry and electrocatalytic behavior of cytochrome c

Stable electroactive film of poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) three-dimensional tubal net-works was assembled on indium oxide glass (ITO) successfully, and the cytochrome c was immobilized on the matrix by the electrostatic interactions. The adsorbed cytochrome c showed a good electrochemical activity with a pair of well-defined redox waves in pH 6.2 phosphate buffer solution, and the adsorbed protein showed more faster electron transfer rate (12.9 s(-1)) on the net-works matrix than those of on inorganic porous or even nano-materials reported recently. The immobilized cytochrome c exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity and amperometric response (2 s) for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The detection limit for H2O2 was 1.5 mu M, and the linear range was from 3 mu M to 1 mM. Poly(aniline-co-o-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) three-dimensional tubal net-works was proved to be a good matrix for protein immobilization and biosensor preparation.

Bright green organic electroluminescent devices based on a novel thermally stable terbium complex

A navel thermally stable terbium carboxylate complex, Tb(MTP)(3)(phen) (MTP=monotetradecyl phthalate, phen=1,10-phehanthroline), was synthesized and characterized. The device structure of glass substrate/indium-tin-oxide/poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV)/poly (N-vinycarbazole) (PVK):Tb(MTP)(3)(phen): 1,3,4-oxadizole derivative (PBD)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq(3))/aluminum (Al) was employed to study the electroluminescent properties of Tb(MTP)(3)(phen). A green emission with extremely sharp spectral band of less than 10 nm at 544 nm peak wavelength was observed. A maximum luminance of 152 cd/m(2) and an external quantum efficiency of 0.017% were achieved at a drive voltage of 24 V. A possible mechanism of energy transfer based on the polymer doped with lanthanide organic complex was also proposed.

氢化物发生石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定高温镍基合金中的硒

在6mol/L盐酸介质和0.1％KBH_4条件下,不但能有效地发生硒的氢化物,而且5mg/ml Ni和3mg/ml Fe都不干扰硒的测定。利用涂钯石墨管作为氢化物的原于化器,直接测定了高温镍基合金中的硒,特征质量为40pg,相对标准偏差在6.1％以内,回收率在97％～110％之间。

银溶胶的形成及在光度分析中的作用

氢化物与硝酸银反应形成银溶胶的分光光度法,具有操作简便、分析速度快、灵敏度高和应用范围广等特点,深入探讨银溶胶的物理和化学性质对改进此方法的实验条件,增强银溶胶的稳定性和改善方法的重现性,以及提高方法的灵敏度和选择性等都有重要的意义,我们以铅烷与硝酸银的反应产物为研究对象,用X光小角散射仪、透射电子显微镜和光

生态系统的组织理论:食物链动态论与互惠共生-控制论

本文主要介绍了生态系统的组织理论：食物链动态理论和互惠共生一控制论。这两种理论代表了进化生态学家与系统生态学家两大学派。前者是建立在达尔文的“生存竞争”思想基础上，强调初级生产力是关键变量，捕食作用和食物资源两者随初级生产力梯度的增加交替控制食物网结构。并预报相邻营养级的生物量和周转率为负相关关系，被称作“生态学的中心理论”。后者是建立在控制论基础上，认为生态系统是由正、负反馈联合构建的，并预报生物量和周转率之间的关系是正的而不是负的。当食草动物不断刺激被食植物产品部分时，植物通过迅速生长补偿甚至超过牧食动物损失的部分，因此是互惠共生关系。系统生态学家们批评进化生态学家忽略了间接的、互补机制的重要。这些机制的大部分在自然界不需要任何进化变化便可在生态学时间上执行。并认为供体控制一间接效应理论是“处理生态系统模型的核心部分”。

流程企业综合集成柔性体系结构研究

本文首先论述了体系结构研究的重要性 ,简要综述了体系结构研究的 4个发展阶段 ,并提出了研究体系结构的谱系概念 .在空间结构的研究中 ,提出了 5个视图与 9种过程流的描述方法和以扁平化递阶 -分散混合集成为特征的柔性体系结构 .本文还提出了体系结构中时间结构的概念及其应用 .

Curved Inertia Frames: Visual Attention and Perceptual Organization Using Convexity and Symmetry

In this paper we present an approach to perceptual organization and attention based on Curved Inertia Frames (C.I.F.), a novel definition of "curved axis of inertia'' tolerant to noisy and spurious data. The definition is useful because it can find frames that correspond to large, smooth, convex, symmetric and central parts. It is novel because it is global and can detect curved axes. We discuss briefly the relation to human perception, the recognition of non-rigid objects, shape description, and extensions to finding "features", inside/outside relations, and long- smooth ridges in arbitrary surfaces.

Azimuthal Impact Directions from Oblique Impact Crater Morphology

Cook, Anthony; Wallis, D.; Burchell, M.J.; Solomon, C.J., (2005) 'Azimuthal Impact Directions from Oblique Impact Crater Morphology', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 359(3) pp.1137-1149 RAE2008

Application of flow cytometry for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration of several antibacterial agents on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

P. Assun??o, N.T. Antunes, R.S. Rosales, C. Poveda, C. de la Fe, J.B. Poveda and H.M. Davey (2007). Application of flow cytometry for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration of several antibacterial agents on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 102(4), 1132-1137. Sponsorship: Gobierno de Canarias (IDT-LP-04/016) RAE2008