The Influence of Chemical Activation on Tooth Bleaching Using 10% Carbamide Peroxide

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of manganese gluconate, a chemical activator of bleaching agents, at a concentration of 0.01% on the efficiency of a 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agent. Forty bovine incisors were immersed in a 25% instant coffee solution for seven days and randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 was the control group and consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching gel only. Group 2 consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide-based bleaching gel and 0.01% manganese gluconate. Three readings of color were taken using the Vita Easy-shade spectrophotometer: the initial reading, a reading at seven days, and a reading at 14 days. Total color variation was calculated by Delta E*Lab. Data were submitted to the statistical t-test (5%), which showed that after seven days group 2 had a significant increase in the degree of tooth bleaching compared with group 1. The mean values (+/-SD) were 16.33 (+/-3.95) for group 1 and 19.29 (+/-4.97) for group 2. However, the results for group 1 and group 2 were similar after 14 days. Adding 0.01% manganese gluconate to 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel increased the degree of tooth bleaching after a seven-day treatment and did not influence the resulting shade after 14 days.

Effect of Ag concentration on the thermal behavior of the Cu-10 mass% Al and Cu-11 mass% Al alloys

In this work the effect of Ag concentration on the thermal behavior of the Cu-10 mass% Al and Cu-11 mass% Al alloys with additions of 4, 6, 8 and 10 mass% Ag was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in situ X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that for the Cu-10 mass% Al alloy Ag addition induce the beta'(1) phase formation and for the Cu-11 mass% Al alloy these additions increase the amount of martensite formed on quenching and decrease the stability range of this phase on heating.

(alpha + gamma(1)) Complex phase formation in the Cu-10 mass% Al-6mass% Ag alloy

In this work the (alpha + gamma(1)) complex phase formation reaction in the Cu-10mass% Al-6mass% Ag alloy was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Differential Thermodilatometry (DTD), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Optical (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopies (SEM). The results indicated the presence of two different processes, related to a change in the Ag diffusion route from the alpha matrix to the (alpha + gamma(1)) complex phase.

Influence of silver additions on the aging characteristics of the Cu-10.4at.%Al alloy

The influence of additions of 1.3, 2.5, 3.8, 5.1, and 6.3 at.% Ag on the aging behavior of the Cu-10.4at.%Al alloy was studied using microhardness measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The results indicated that with silver additions it is possible to obtain a response to age hardening, and that for large aging times there is a decrease in the alloy hardness, with a process that leads to Ag and Al segregation. © 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.

Perfil motor de escolares sobrepesos e obesos de ambos os sexo na faixa etária de 9 e 10 anos

Pós-graduação em Pediatria - FMB

Variação sazonal e espacial da estrutura de comunidades dos peixes demersais da Região de Foz dos Rios Amazonas e Tocantins - PA (0º 10'S - 2º30'N; 47º50'W - 50º30'W) - Brasil

A composição, abundância e freqüência de ocorrência das espécies de peixes demersais do estuário amazônico foram estudadas em três áreas delimitadas pelos estratos de profundidade de 5 — 10 m, 10 — 20 m e 20 — 50m. Os objetivos principais deste estudo foram de comparar a diversidade, abundância e distribuição das espécies de peixes demersais, nestas três áreas, durante um ciclo hidrológico, e avaliar a influência dos fatores ambientais sobre a estrutura da comunidade. As amostragens foram feitas a bordo de dois navios da frota industrial piramutabeira, com uma rede de arrasto sem porta, em seis cruzeiros com duração de quinze dias cada, divididos entre os períodos seco (entre março e abri1/97) e chuvoso (entre agosto e setembro/97). Foram capturadas 91 espécies em 237 amostragens, sendo que as famílias Sciaenidae e Ariidae foram as mais diversificadas, representando juntas 25% do número de espécies. Todas as espécies de arlideos com ocorrência na região foram muito abundantes. As espécies mais abundantes numericamente no inverno foram Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (56,2%) e Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Pimelodidae) (13,6%), e no verão Macrodon ancylodon (31%) e Stellifèr rastrifer (15,8) (Sciaenidae). Na área delimitada pelas isóbatas de 5 a 10 m (área 1), Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Pimelodidae) e Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) foram as mais abundantes em ambos os períodos. O mesmo aconteceu para Macrodon ancylodon e Stellifer rastrifer (Sciaenidae) na área definida pelas isóbatas de 10 a 20 m (área 2), e para iviacrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) e Bagre bagre (Ariidae) na área delimitada pelas isóbatas de 20 a 50 m (área 3). As espécies mais freqüentes nas amostragens foram Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (40,9%) e Anchoa spinifer (Engraulididae) (35%) no inverno, e Ivlacrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (45,6%) e Anus grandicassis (Ariidae) (38,4%) no verão. Na área 1 Brachyplatystoma vaillantii e Brachypialystorna flavicans (Pimelodidae) tiveram maior freqüência de ocorrência nas amostragens, para os dois períodos; o mesmo acontecendo para Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) e Bagre bagre (Ariidae), na área 2; e para Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) e Anchoa spinifer (Engraulididae), na área 3. As espécies dominantes foram: Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae), no inverno (56% dos exemplares coletados); e Macrodon ancylodon, Stellifér rastrifer (Sciaenidae) e Anus quadriscutis (Afiidae) no verão, que representaram 61% das capturas. Na área 1 dominaram Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Pimelodidae) e Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (73%), no inverno e, no verão, as duas espécies já citadas mais Anus grandicassis (Ariidae) (53%). Na área 2 foram dominantes apenas Macrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (64%) no inverno, e Macrodon ancylodon e Stellifèr rastrifer (Sciaenidae) (53%) no verão e, na área 3, apenas il/lacrodon ancylodon (Sciaenidae) (70% no inverno e 49% no verão). Os padrões de distribuição foram principalmente influenciados pela salinidade. A área 1 apresentou a maior diversidade e eqüitabilidade em relação ás outras. Na área 2 a riqueza de espécies foi maior e, na área 3, houve uma maior dominância. Três assembléias de peixes foram identificadas na região: uma composta de espécies de águas continentais que exploram as áreas rasas entre 5 a 20 m; outra é composta de espécies resistentes ao gradiente salino, com ampla distribuição no estuário, principalmente na faixa dos 10 a 20 m; e a terceira é composta de espécies marinhas que se distribuem pelas áreas mais profundas do estuário, desde os 10 até a faixa dos 50 m.

Sobrevivênvia e sucesso de implantes osseointegrados com superfície tratada por ataque ácido: avaliação retrospectiva de 8 a 10 anos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Compostos fenólicos de 10 variedades de uva

Phenolic compounds represent one of the main groups of secondary metabolites. Due to their chemical diversity, they have a variety of functions in plants, such as protection against ultraviolet radiation, herbivores and pathogens, and attraction of pollinators or dispersers of fruits and seeds. For human, the phenolic compounds are used like food colorings and flavors and, due to their pharmacological properties, mainly to antioxidant activity, they are associated with several health benefits, such as delay senility, prevention and therapy of cardiovascular diseases and of some cancers. The grapes are considered one of the main source of phenolic compounds and the fruit and its products are consumed in Brazil and worldwide. Considering the phenolic compounds diversity and their different distribution in the grape parts, this work had like aims the extraction, identification and quantification of the main classes of phenolic compounds of 10 grape varieties. The content of total phenols, flavanols and anthocyanins were determined, respectively, according to the Folin-Ciocalteu, DMACA and comparison of pH spectrophotometric methods. The content of total phenols varied from 142.75 + 1.86 to 483.39 + 5.90 mg.L-1 in the peel and from 86.50 + 0.54 to 146.32 + 9.97 mg.L-1 in the pulp. The amount of total flavanols varied from 3.68 + 0.03 to 6.92 + 0.26 mg.L-1 in the peel and from 0.90 + 0.00 to 1.36 + 0.00 mg.L-1 in the pulp. The content of total anthocyanins varied from 7.00 + 0.99 to 406.56 + 39.50 mg.L-1 in the peel and from 2.88 + 0.28 to 46.36 + 1.89 mg.L-1 in the pulp. The phenolic compounds concentration was higher in the peel than in the pulp. The total phenols and anthocyanins varied a lot while the total flavanols were more constant. The flavanols represent the smaller portion of phenolic compounds

Avaliação da prevalência das doenças peri-implantares e do sucesso e sobrevivência de implantes osseointegrados com 8 a 10 anos de função

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

10-Year Survival and Success Rates of 511 Titanium Implants with a Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Surface: A Retrospective Study in 303 Partially Edentulous Patients

Purpose: This retrospective study assessed the 10-year outcomes of titanium implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface in a large cohort of partially edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: Records of patients treated with SLA implants between May 1997 and January 2001 were screened. Eligible patients were contacted and invited to undergo a clinical and radiologic examination. Each implant was classified according to strict success criteria. Results: Three hundred three patients with 511 SLA implants were available for the examination. The mean age of the patients at implant surgery was 48 years. Over the 10-year period, no implant fracture was noted, whereas six implants (1.2%) were lost. Two implants (0.4%) showed signs of suppuration at the 10-year examination, whereas seven implants had a history of peri-implantitis (1.4%) during the 10-year period, but presented with healthy peri-implant soft tissues at examination. The remaining 496 implants fulfilled the success criteria. The mean Plaque Index was 0.65 (±0.64), the mean Sulcus Bleeding Index 1.32 (±0.57), the mean Probing Depth 3.27 mm (±1.06), and the mean distance from the implant shoulder to the mucosal margin value -0.42 mm (±1.27). The radiologic mean distance from the implant shoulder to the first bone-to-implant contact was 3.32 mm (±0.73). Conclusion: The present retrospective analysis resulted in a 10-year implant survival rate of 98.8% and a success rate of 97.0%. In addition, the prevalence of peri-implantitis in this large cohort of orally healthy patients was low with 1.8% during the 10-year period.