Peut-on donner d’une clause et reprendre de l’autre? Essai sur la cause comme instrument de contrôle de la cohérence matérielle du contrat

Peut-on donner d’une clause et reprendre de l’autre? Si deux siècles de décisions et de commentaires contradictoires empêchent de répondre à cette question avec la certitude et l’assurance auxquelles nous a habitué la doctrine civiliste, il est tout de même possible d’affirmer que le droit civil prohibe la clause qui permet à un contractant de se dédire totalement de son engagement. Privant l’engagement de son cocontractant de toute raison, et le contrat dans lequel elle se trouve de toute fonction, cette clause contracticide se heurte en effet à une notion fondamentale du droit commun des contrats : la cause. C’est pour éviter que ne soient validés les contrats qui ne présentent aucun intérêt pour l’une ou l’autre des parties que le législateur québécois a choisi d’importer – et de conserver, dans son article introductif du Livre des obligations, cette notion que l’on dit la plus symbolique du droit français des obligations. En effet, bien que son rôle soit fréquemment assumé par d’autres mécanismes, la cause demeure la gardienne des fonctions du contrat synallagmatique. À ce titre, elle permet non seulement d’annuler les contrats qui ne codifient aucun échange, mais également, et surtout, de contrôler ceux dont le contenu ne permet pas de matérialiser les avantages négociés. Octroyant au juge le pouvoir d’assurer que le contrat contienne les outils nécessaires et adaptés à la réalisation de l’opération qu’il a pour fonction de mettre en œuvre, la cause lui offre donc le moyen de garantir l’adéquation entre la fin et ses moyens, bref de contrôler la cohérence matérielle du contrat.

A Logic Framework of Normative-based Contract Management

We explore of the feasibility of the computationally oriented institutional agency framework proposed by Governatori and Rotolo testing it against an industrial strength scenario. In particular we show how to encode in defeasible logic the dispute resolution policy described in Article 67 of FIDIC.

It's all in the contract: Rethinking feminist critiques of contract

This article examines contemporary feminist arguments about contract. It does not aim to advance new arguments for or against contract but to call into question the dominant feminist position which is that contract has to be cast aside and/or that alternative approaches to contract have to be developed in order to advance the position of women. In a reworking of Elizabeth Kingdom's anti-essentialist approach to rights, Sullivan argues that a feminist but non-essentialist approach to contract is both possible and desirable. Sullivan explores a number of concrete situations in the Australian context where contract approaches have been deployed in law and public policy and demonstrates that contract may be detrimental or advantageous to the position of women. Sullivan argues, therefore, for a strategic and critical feminist approach to the utilisation of the language and practice of contract.

An integrated system to support electricity tariff contract definition

This paper presents an integrated system that helps both retail companies and electricity consumers on the definition of the best retail contracts and tariffs. This integrated system is composed by a Decision Support System (DSS) based on a Consumer Characterization Framework (CCF). The CCF is based on data mining techniques, applied to obtain useful knowledge about electricity consumers from large amounts of consumption data. This knowledge is acquired following an innovative and systematic approach able to identify different consumers’ classes, represented by a load profile, and its characterization using decision trees. The framework generates inputs to use in the knowledge base and in the database of the DSS. The rule sets derived from the decision trees are integrated in the knowledge base of the DSS. The load profiles together with the information about contracts and electricity prices form the database of the DSS. This DSS is able to perform the classification of different consumers, present its load profile and test different electricity tariffs and contracts. The final outputs of the DSS are a comparative economic analysis between different contracts and advice about the most economic contract to each consumer class. The presentation of the DSS is completed with an application example using a real data base of consumers from the Portuguese distribution company.

No right to perform a contract?

Thesis submitted in Trinity Term 2001 for the degree of Master of Philosophy, Worcester College, Oxford

Contract law

Livro editado para celebrar dos 10 anos da Faculdade de Direito da UNL

Contract-program evaluation: Impact of the DRG classification system on hospitals' outputs

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Psychological contract in non-governmental organizations

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Taxonomic guide to the polychaetes of the northern Gulf of Mexico / prepared by Joan M. Uebelacker and Paul G. Johnson, editors ; prepared under MMS contract 14-12-001-29091 for Minerals Management Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior.

4

Venture capital meets contract theory: risky claims or formal control?

This paper develops a theory of the joint allocation of formal control and cash-flow rights in venture capital deals. We argue that when the need for investor support calls for very high-powered outside claims, entrepreneurs should optimally retain formal control in order to avoid excessive interference. Hence, we predict that risky claims should be be negatively correlated to control rights, both along the life of a start-up and across deals. This challenges the idea that risky claims should a ways be associated to more formal control, and is in line with contractual terms increasingly used in venture capital, in corporate venturing and in partnership deals between biotech start-ups and large drug companies. The paper provides a theoretical explanation to some puzzling evidence documented in Gompers (1997) and Kaplan and Stromberg (2000), namely the inclusion in venture capital contracts of contingencies that trigger both a reduction in VC control and the conversion! of her preferred stocks into common stocks.