Effects of natural mortality on the yield per recruit models

Dissertação de Mestrado, Estudos Integrados dos Oceanos, 22 de Janeiro de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.

Isolated integrin beta3 subunit cytoplasmic domains require membrane anchorage and the NPXY motif to recruit to adhesion complexes but do not discriminate between beta1- and beta3-positive complexes.

Integrin adhesion receptors consist of non-covalently linked alpha and beta subunits each of which contains a large extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic tail. Engaged integrins recruit to focal structures globally termed adhesion complexes. The cytoplasmic domain of the beta subunit is essential for this clustering. beta1 and beta3 integrins can recruit at distinct cellular locations (i.e. fibrillar adhesions vs focal adhesions, respectively) but it is not clear whether individual beta subunit cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains are by themselves sufficient to drive orthotopic targeting to the cognate adhesion complex. To address this question, we expressed full-length beta3 transmembrane anchored cytoplasmic domains and truncated beta3 cytoplasmic domains as GFP-fusion constructs and monitored their localization in endothelial cells. Membrane-anchored full-length beta3 cytoplasmic domain and a beta3 mutant lacking the NXXY motif recruited to adhesion complexes, while beta3 mutants lacking the NPXY and NXXY motifs or the transmembrane domain did not. Replacing the natural beta subunit transmembrane domain with an unrelated (i.e. HLA-A2 alpha chain) transmembrane domain significantly reduced recruitment to adhesion complexes. Transmembrane anchored beta3 and cytoplasmic domain constructs, however, recruited without discrimination to beta1- and beta3-rich adhesions complexes. These findings demonstrate that membrane anchorage and the NPXY (but not the NXXY) motif are necessary for beta3 cytoplasmic domain recruitment to adhesion complexes and that the natural transmembrane domain actively contributes to this recruitment. The beta3 transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains alone are insufficient for orthotopic recruitment to cognate adhesion complexes.

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein family members recruit the coactivator CREB-binding protein and trigger its phosphorylation.

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family members are transcription factors involved in important physiological processes, such as cellular proliferation and differentiation, regulation of energy homeostasis, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. Transcriptional activation by C/EBPalpha and C/EBPbeta involves the coactivators CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300, which promote transcription by acetylating histones and recruiting basal transcription factors. In this study, we show that C/EBPdelta is also using CBP as a coactivator. Based on sequence homology with C/EBPalpha and -beta, we identify in C/EBPdelta two conserved amino acid segments that are necessary for the physical interaction with CBP. Using reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that mutation of these residues prevents CBP recruitment and diminishes the transactivating potential of C/EBPdelta. In addition, our results indicate that C/EBP family members not only recruit CBP but specifically induce its phosphorylation. We provide evidence that CBP phosphorylation depends on its interaction with C/EBPdelta and define point mutations within one of the two conserved amino acid segments of C/EBPdelta that abolish CBP phosphorylation as well as transcriptional activation, suggesting that this new mechanism could be important for C/EBP-mediated transcription.

The Football Stadium - A Place Where Right-Wing Extremists Recruit ? Case Studies of Three Swiss Clubs

Der Sammelband ,,Right-wing extremism" hat ein doppeltes Ziel. Zum einen soll er das Nationale Forschungsprogramm 40plus und seine Projekte präsentieren (die alle mit Beiträgen präsent sind), zum anderen sollen diese nationalen Beiträge in eine internationale Perspektive gestellt werden, sodass in der Übersicht und Umschau eine Verortung der schweizerischen Forschung (und damit auch des NFP40plus selbst) und ihrer Resultate möglich wird. Eingeladen wurden dazu führende europäische Forscher auf dem Gebiet des Rechtsextremismus.

How to identify and recruit nurses to a survey 14 and 24 years after graduation in a context of scarce data : lessons learnt from the 2012 nurses at work pilot study on nurses' career paths

Nursing workforce data are scarce in Switzerland, with no active national registry of nurses. The worldwide nursing shortage is also affecting Switzerland, so that evidence-based results of the nurses at work project on career paths and retention are needed as part of the health care system stewardship; nurses at work is a retrospective cohort study of nurses who graduated in Swiss nursing schools in the last 30 years. Results of the pilot study are presented here (process and feasibility). The objectives are (1) to determine the size and structure of the potential target population by approaching two test-cohorts of nursing graduates (1988 and 1998); (2) to test methods of identifying and reaching them 14 and 24 years after graduation; (3) to compute participation rates, and identify recruitment and participation biases.

Netting neutrophils in skin wounds recruit and activate plasmacytoid dentritic cells

Les mécanismes qui régulent le processus de guérison de la peau lésée ne sont pas entièrement compris. Nous avons précédemment montré que les cellules dendritiques plasmocytoïdes (pDCs) sont normalement absentes de la peau saine mais infiltrent rapidement la peau humaine ainsi que celle des souris après une blessure cutanée. Après avoir infiltré la peau, ces pDCs sont capables de détecter les acides nucléiques par l'expression des récepteurs de type Toll 7 et 9 ce qui les active à produire de 1' interféron (IFN) de type I. Ce processus est primordial pour la re- épithélisation des blessures cutanées. Cependant, les mécanismes conduisant à l'infiltration et à 1'activation des pDCs restent inconnus. Dans notre projet, nous montrons que la chimiokine CxcllO est responsable de l'infiltration des pDCs. De façon importante, nous démontrons que les neutrophiles qui infiltrent également la peau lésée sont la source majeure de cette chimiokine. La déplétion des neutrophiles abolit d'ailleurs le recrutement des pDCs confirmant ainsi que CxcllO produit par les neutrophiles est responsable de l'infiltration des pDCs dans la peau endommagée. De façon intéressante, nous avons trouvé que CxcllO en plus de son activité chimiotactique, est capable de former des complexes avec l'ADN et d'activer ainsi les pDCs à produire de l'IFN de type I. De plus, nous avons observé que les neutrophiles qui infiltrent la peau forment des Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Ces NETs sont constitués de filaments extracellulaires d'ADN recouverts par de nombreuses protéines principalement d'origine granulaire. D'une manière frappante, le blocage de la NETose ou l'utilisation de souris déficientes pour la formation de NETs altère le recrutement et l'activation des pDCs ainsi que la réponse inflammatoire qui en découle ainsi que le processus de re-epithélisation qui s'ensuit. En prenant en compte toutes ces données, nos résultats démontrent que suite à une blessure de la peau, les neutrophiles par la production de CxcllO contrôlent l'infiltration des pDCs dans la peau lésée et par la formation de NETs, promeuvent l'activation des pDCs. Notre étude fournit donc de nouvelles informations sur les mécanismes de guérison de la peau et ouvre de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques quant à la réparation tissulaire de la peau soit dans le but de l'amplifier ou de l'inhiber. -- The mechanisms that regulate healing of the injured skin are not well understood. We have previously shown that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are normally absent from the healthy skin, but rapidly infiltrate both murine and human skin upon injury. Upon skin infiltration, pDCs sense nucleic acids via TLR7/TLR9 and are activated to produce type I interferon (IFN), a process that is crucial for re-epithelialisation of skin wounds. However, the mechanisms that drive pDCs recruitment and activation in injured skin remain unclear. We show that CxcllO is responsible for pDCs infiltration. Importantly, we demonstrate that skin infiltrating neutrophils are the major source of this chemokine. Neutrophils depletion completely abrogated pDCs recruitment confirming that CxcllO- driven pDCs recruitment is controlled by neutrophils. Interestingly, CxcllO was also found to form complexes with DNA and to activate pDCs to produce Type I IFN in addition to its chemotactic activity. Moreover, we observed that infiltrating neutrophils release Neutrophils Extracellular Traps (NETs) composed of DNA filaments decorated with neutrophils-derived proteins. Strikingly, blocking NETosis or using mice deficient for NETs production impaired pDCs recruitment and activation as well as the subsequent inflammatory response and the re-epithelialisation process. Altogether, these data demonstrate that upon skin injury, neutrophils control pDCs infiltration into the injured skin by the release of CxcllO and via the production of NETs, they allow complex formation between CxcllO and NET-DNA leading to pDCs activation. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of wound healing and open new avenues for potential therapeutic interventions to boost or inhibit wound repair in the skin.

Age, growth and yield per recruit analysis of the pintado Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Agassiz, 1829) in the Cuiabá River basin, Pantanal Matogrossense, Brazil

A idade e o crescimento do pintado Pseudoplatystoma corruscans foram estudados durante o período de maio de 1994 a maio de 1995. O comprimento-padrão variou de 52 a 145 cm e o peso total, de 1,3 a 41 kg. As relações biométricas entre comprimento-padrão (Ls) e comprimento total (Ltotal) e entre peso total (Wt) e comprimento-padrão (Ls) foram obtidas, sendo, respectivamente: Ltotal = 3,296 + 1,069 * Ls e Wt = 0,00624 * Ls3,134. O fator de condição, calculado mensalmente, sugere que a desova ocorreu entre os meses de fevereiro e março. A idade foi estimada pela contagem de anéis de crescimento presentes nos raios modificados (esporão) das nadadeiras peitorais, detectando 10 classes etárias. A distância média do último anel até a borda do esporão sugere que o período de menor crescimento ocorreu entre julho e setembro (seca). A equação de von Bertalaffy que descreve o crescimento do pintado é: Lt = 183 * [1 - exp - 0,085 * (t + 3,274)]. A mortalidade total obtida foi Z = 0,24 ano-1 e a mortalidade natural M = 0,20 ano-1. Com o presente nível de explotação, F = Z - M = 0,04 ano-1, conclui-se que o estoque do pintado ainda não estava sobrexplotado na bacia do rio Cuiabá, Pantanal Matogrossense, na época em que foi realizado o estudo.

Yield per recruit of the pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) in the pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Jazz drummers recruit language-specific areas for the processing of rhythmic structure

Rhythm is a central characteristic of music and speech, the most important domains of human communication using acoustic signals. Here, we investigated how rhythmical patterns in music are processed in the human brain, and, in addition, evaluated the impact of musical training on rhythm processing. Using fMRI, we found that deviations from a rule-based regular rhythmic structure activated the left planum temporale together with Broca's area and its right-hemispheric homolog across subjects, that is, a network also crucially involved in the processing of harmonic structure in music and the syntactic analysis of language. Comparing the BOLD responses to rhythmic variations between professional jazz drummers and musical laypersons, we found that only highly trained rhythmic experts show additional activity in left-hemispheric supramarginal gyrus, a higher-order region involved in processing of linguistic syntax. This suggests an additional functional recruitment of brain areas usually dedicated to complex linguistic syntax processing for the analysis of rhythmical patterns only in professional jazz drummers, who are especially trained to use rhythmical cues for communication.

How do sport clubs recruit volunteers? Analyzing and developing a typology of decision-making processes on recruiting volunteers in sport clubs.

Effective strategies for recruiting volunteers who are prepared to make a long-term commitment to formal positions are essential for the survival of voluntary sport clubs. This article examines the decision-making processes in relation to these efforts. Under the assumption of bounded rationality, the garbage can model is used to grasp these decision-making processes theoretically and access them empirically. Based on case study framework an in-depth analysis of recruitment practices was conducted in nine selected sport clubs. Results showed that the decision-making processes are generally characterized by a reactive approach in which dominant actors try to handle personnel problems of recruitment in the administration and sport domains through routine formal committee work and informal networks. In addition, it proved possible to develop a typology that deliver an overview of different decision-making practices in terms of the specific interplay of the relevant components of process control (top-down vs. bottom-up) and problem processing (situational vs. systematic).

Greater U.S. government efforts needed to recruit qualified candidates for employment by U.N. organizations : Department of State and other Federal agencies : report to the Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs /

"B-183134."

Si Klegg; his development from a raw recruit to a veteran, and other stories.

Originally published in the National tribune.

Robin's recruit /

Mode of access: Internet.