A New Hereditarily l^2 Banach Space

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 46B20, 46B26.

An Alternating l(p) - l(2) Projections Algorithm (ALPA) for Speech Modeling using Sparsity Constraints

We address the problem of separating a speech signal into its excitation and vocal-tract filter components, which falls within the framework of blind deconvolution. Typically, the excitation in case of voiced speech is assumed to be sparse and the vocal-tract filter stable. We develop an alternating l(p) - l(2) projections algorithm (ALPA) to perform deconvolution taking into account these constraints. The algorithm is iterative, and alternates between two solution spaces. The initialization is based on the standard linear prediction decomposition of a speech signal into an autoregressive filter and prediction residue. In every iteration, a sparse excitation is estimated by optimizing an l(p)-norm-based cost and the vocal-tract filter is derived as a solution to a standard least-squares minimization problem. We validate the algorithm on voiced segments of natural speech signals and show applications to epoch estimation. We also present comparisons with state-of-the-art techniques and show that ALPA gives a sparser impulse-like excitation, where the impulses directly denote the epochs or instants of significant excitation.

Extensions of homogeneous polynomials ON c(0)(l(2)(i))

We show that a 2-homogeneous polynomial on the complex Banach space c(0)(l(2)(i)) is norm attaining if and only if it is finite (i.e, depends only on finite coordinates). As the consequence, we show that there exists a unique norm-preserving extension for norm-attaining 2-homogeneous polynomials on c(0)(l(2)(i)).

Synthesis, structure and spectroscopic studies on hydroxo-bridged heterotrinuclear complexes of cobalt(m) with ethane-l,2-diamine and ammonia as terminal ligands

Hydroxo-bridged homo- and hetero-trinuclear cobalt(III) complexes of the type [MII(H2O)2{(OH)2CoIII(N4)}2]X2·nH2O [MII= a divalent metal ion such as CoII, NiII or ZnII; N4=(en)2(en = ethane-1,2-diamine) or (NH3)4; X = SO4 or (ClO4)2; n= 3 or 5] have been prepared and spectroscopically characterized. The structure of [Cu{(OH)2Co(en)2}2][SO4]2·2H2O 1 has been determined. The geometry around copper atom is a pseudo-square-based pyramid, with the basal sites occupied by four bridging hydroxide oxygens and the apical site is occupied by a weakly co-ordinated sulfate anion [Cu–O 2.516(4)Å]. The hydroxo groups bridge pairs of cobalt(III) ions which are in near-octahedral environments. The ethylenediamine chelate rings have the twist conformation. In the crystal structure of [Cu{(OH)2Co(en)2}2][ClO4]4·2H2O 2 the perchlorate ion is not co-ordinated and the en ligands have envelope conformations. The sulfate ion in [Cu{(OH)2Co(NH3)4}2][SO4]2·4H2O 3 is not co-ordinated to the central copper ion. Electronic, infrared and variable-temperature EPR spectral data are discussed.

Syntheses and characterization of trans-[NiL2(NCS)2][L = 2-(aminomethyl) pyridine], trans-[NiL02(NSC)2][L0 = 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine] and trans-[NiL00 2(NSC)2] [L00 = 2-(2-methylaminoethyl)pyridine] complexes: X-ray single crystal structure of trans-[NiL02(NSC)2] [L0 = 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine]

[NiL2(NCS)2] (1) [L = 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine], [NiL02(NCS)2] (2) [(L0) = 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine and [NiL00 2(NCS)2] (3) [L00 = 2-(2-methylaminoethyl)pyridine] have been synthesized from solution. All the complexes possess trans geometry as is evident from solid state UV–Vis spectral study and X-ray single crystal structure analysis of complex 2 unambiguously proves trans geometry of the species.

La modulación selectiva de los niveles de glutatión con l-2-oxo-4-tiazolidina carboxilato aumenta la eficacia de la interleucina-2 e incrementa el beneficio terapéutico de la bioquimioterapia del melanoma metastático

268 p. : il.

三维Boussinesq方程组大解的全局L~2稳定性

对三维有界及无界区域上的Boussinesq方程的全局L~2稳定性进行了讨论.在解满足适当的条件下,证明了此解为稳定的,并得出此稳定性条件的等价性条件,最后得出了二维Boussinesq方程组在三维扰动下的解的全局存在性和稳定性.

L－山梨糖发酵生产2－酮基－L－古龙酸的最佳组合新菌系的生物特性的研究

从２２个不同组合的发酵Ｌ山梨糖生成２－酮基－古龙酸的组合菌系中选出了最佳组合新菌系Ｈ１９Ｓ１９。对该菌系的形态学及生理生化特性的研究表明，其中Ｈ１９为地衣芽枪杆菌（ＢａｃｉｌｌｓＬｉｃｈｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ），是Ｓ１９的伴生菌；Ｓ１９是产生２－酮基－古龙酸的菌株，具有许多特点，其分类位置暂无法确定。

A stereocontrolled method for the synthesis of D- and L-2-deoxy-C-nucleosides using an intramolecular Sakurai-type cyclisation reaction

A novel synthetic procedure has been developed that provides access to D/L-2-deoxy-C-nucleosides from 3,4-epoxytetrahydrofuran in seven steps and in moderate to good yields. The key chemical transformation was the Lewis acid catalysed intramolecular cyclisation reaction of an acetal for which the stereochemical outcome was dependent of the reagents' ratio.

Ligand effects in cis-Ru-II(N-N)(2)L-2 species where N-N is a substituted 2,2 '-bisoxazoline and L is monodentate

Starting from previously reported cis-Ru(MeL)(2)Cl-2, where MeL is 4,4,4',4'-tetramethyl-2,2'-bisoxazoline, cis-Ru(MeL)(2)Br-2 (1), cis-Ru( MeL)(2)I-2 (2), cis-Ru(MeL)(2)(NCS)(2) center dot H2O (3), cis-Ru(MeL)(2)(N-3)(2) (4) and cis-[Ru(MeL)(2)(MeCN)(2)](PF6)(2) center dot (CH3)(2)CO (5) are synthesised. The X-ray crystal structures of complexes 1, 2, 3 and 5 have been determined. All the five new complexes have been characterized by FTIR, ESIMS and H-1 NMR. In cyclic voltammetry in acetonitrile at a glassy carbon electrode, the complexes display a quasireversible Ru(II/III) couple in the range 0.32-1.71 V versus NHE. The Ru(II/III) potentials yield a satisfactorily linear correlation with Chatt's ligand constants P-L for the monodantate ligands. From the intercept and by comparing the known situation in Ru(2,2'-bipyridine)(2)L-2, it is concluded that MeL, a non-aromatic diimine, is significantly more pi-acidic than 2,2'-bipyridine. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

L-(2-Quinolyl)-2-naphthol: A new intra-intermolecular photoacid-photobase molecule

Photochemical and photophysical properties of 1-(2-quinolyl)-2-naphthol (2QN) in water and organic solvents, as well in glassy media were studied to investigate the occurrence of intramolecular excited state prototropic reactions between the naphthol and quinoline rings. Spectral data show the two chromophores apparently behaving independently. However, in acid aqueous media or in low polarity solvents a new electronic transition red shifted band with respect to that of the parent compounds assigned to an intramolecular H-bond and to a quinoid form, respectively, shows up. Model calculations and R-X data lend support to a minimum energy conformer having a dihedral angle of similar to 39 degrees between the two groups. Singlet excited state properties (S-1) show a high suppressive effect of one ring over the other, resulting in very low emission yields at room temperature. The occurrence of excited state intramolecular proton transfer is observed in water (zwitter ion form) and in low polarity media (quinoid form) and originates from a previously CT H-bonded state. Phosphorescence data allowed a reasonable description of the electronic states of 2QN. In addition two new derivatives were prepared having the N atom blocked by methylation and both the N and O groups blocked by a CH2 bridge. The spectral data of these two compounds confirmed the attributions made for 2QN. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Efeito dos ácidos D-2-hidroxiglutárico e L-2-hidroxiglutárico sobre vários parâmetros do metabolismo energético em cérebro, músculo esquelético e músculo cardíaco de ratos

As acidúrias L-2-hidroxiglutárica (LHGA) e D-2-hidroxiglutárica (DHGA) são distúrbios neurometabólicos hereditários caracterizados por extenso e severo dano cerebral, ocasionando predominantemente convulsões, coma e atrofia cerebral. Na LHGA, as lesões cerebrais ocorrem principalmente no cerebelo enquanto a maior parte do cérebro é afetada na DHGA. Além disso, hipotonia, fraqueza e hipotrofia muscular, bem como cardiomiopatia têm sido observadas nos pacientes afetados por essas acidemias orgânicas, com maior freqüência na DHGA. Bioquimicamente, ocorre acúmulo tecidual dos ácidos L- 2-hidroxiglutárico (LGA) e D-2-hidróxiglutárico (DGA), respectivamente, na LHGA e na DHGA. Além disso, elevadas concentrações urinárias de lactato, 2-cetoglutarato e outros metabólitos do ciclo de Krebs têm sido descritas em pacientes acometidos por essas patologias, sugerindo uma disfunção mitocondrial. mitocondrial. Tendo em vista que a etiopatogenia da disfunção tecidual nesses pacientes é desconhecida, o presente trabalho investigou o efeito in vitro dos ácidos LGA e DGA sobre diversos parâmetros do metabolismo energético celular. Inicialmente, avaliamos o efeito dos ácidos DGA e LGA sobre a utilização de glicose e produção de CO2 em homogeneizados e fatias de córtex cerebral. Verificamos que o DGA reduziu significativamente tanto o consumo de glicose quanto a produção de CO2 pelo córtex cerebral, enquanto o LGA não demonstrou efeito sobre esses parâmetros. Além disso, o DGA inibiu significativamente a atividade da citocromo c oxidase em homogeneizado de córtex cerebral de ratos (35-95%), de forma dose-dependente, sem alterar a atividade dos demais complexos da cadeia respiratória. A inibição verificada foi do tipo acompetitiva. Por outro lado, o LGA não alterou a atividade de nenhum dos complexos enzimático estudados. Posteriormente, avaliamos o efeito in vitro dos ácidos DGA e LGA sobre a atividade da creatina quinase (CK) em homogeneizado total e nas frações citosólica e mitocondrial de tecido cerebral, muscular esquelético e cardíaco de ratos. Os resultados mostraram que o DGA inibiu significativamente a atividade das isoformas mitocondrial e citosólica da CK em preparações de córtex cerebral, músculo esquelético de cardíaco. Por outro lado, tanto DGA quanto LGA inibiram seletivamente a isoforma mitocondrial em preparações de cerebelo. Estudos cinéticos mostraram um perfil não competitivo de inibição com relação à fosfocreatina para ambos os ácidos nos tecidos estudados. Além IV disso, observamos também que o efeito inibitório de ambos os ácidos foi totalmente revertido por glutationa reduzida, sugerindo uma modificação causada pelos metabólitos sobre os grupos sulfidrila, essenciais para a atividade da enzima. Nossos resultados sugerem que a inibição significativa causada pelo DGA sobre as atividades da citocromo c oxidase e da creatina quinase no córtex cerebral, assim como nos músculos cardíaco e esquelético poderiam explicar, ao menos em parte, a fisiopatogenia da disfunção neurológica e anormalidades estruturais no sistema nervoso central, bem como a mitocondriopatia esquelética e a cardiomiopatia presente nos pacientes afetados por DHGA. Por outro lado, é possível que a inibição seletiva da creatina quinase mitocondrial provocada pelo LGA em cerebelo possa estar associada à degeneração cerebelar característica dos pacientes com LHGA.

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