170 resultados para greenfield
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v.65:no.9(1975) [Incomplete]
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v.65:no.2(1974)
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n.s. no.8(1981)
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v.70:no.2(1976)
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v.73:no.2(1979)
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n.s. no.14(1983)
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O setor de bioenergia no Brasil segue com um grande potencial de crescimento. Projeta-se um aumento de 71,6% no consumo total de bioenergia de 2011 a 2021 (BRASIL. EPE, 2012b). Consequentemente, novos mercados e oportunidades para novos projetos estão surgindo. Neste contexto, investidores precisarão avaliar projetos Greenfield, ponderando adequadamente riscos e retorno. Entretanto, a avaliação destes projetos não é simples pelas suas diversas particularidades. Deste modo, o objetivo desta dissertação é estabelecer um padrão metodológico para a análise destes investimentos. A partir de uma seleção de metodologias existentes, propõe-se uma série de abordagens alternativas e complementares, de forma a contemplar adequadamente as particularidades destes projetos. Portanto, este trabalho é inédito no que se refere à padronização de metodologias para a análise de investimento especificamente de projetos agroindustriais Greenfield de bioenergia. Para este fim, este trabalho não só propõem um padrão metodológico detalhado de análise, mas também o aplica em um estudo de caso de um projeto de cogeração de energia a partir de eucalipto. O intuito do estudo é ilustrar que a metodologia de análise de investimento proposta é eficaz. Além disso, serve como referência e guia de como aplicar esta ferramenta na análise de quaisquer projetos agroindustriais Greenfield no setor de bioenergia. Desta forma, é possível concluir que o uso do padrão metodológico proposto possibilita uma análise coerente de projetos desta natureza e permite uma tomada de decisão de investimento consciente. A criação desta ferramenta de análise e a exemplificação de seu uso são as principais contribuições deste trabalho.
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Aim. The authors assess a modified Greenfield filter (GF) for the long-term patency, filter tilting and histopathologic alterations of the inferior vena cava (IVC).Methods. Adult sheep (n=7) underwent modified GF placement in the IVC. Cavograms were obtained every 3 months and pulmonary angiography at 12 months. Histopathologic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed on the IVC explanted at 12 months.Results. Cavograms showed that all IVC were patent at the end of the study. Filter tilting occurred in 2/7 animals and extrusion of struts was not observed. Macroscopic examination at explantation showed minimal venous wall thickening. Microscopic examination showed minimal IVC fibrosis and intimal hyperplasia. SEM showed endothelium on the IVC surface at the filter implantation site and a presumed endothelial layer covering partially or totally the struts. The interface filter-IVC was covered by deposits of leucocytes and platelets. No signs of pulmonary embolism were found in all pulmonary angiograms of both groups.Conclusion. The modified filter presented good biocompatibility, stability and absence of thrombogenicity at 12 months. It presented low tendency to tilting and extrusion of struts. The long-term histopathologic alterations in vena caval wall were minimal and the appearance of the studied filters in the IVC was similar to stents placed in the arterial system.
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The Shopping centre is a long term investment in which Greenfield development decisions are often taken based on risks analysis regarding construction costs, location, competition, market and an expected DCF. Furthermore, integration between the building design, project planning, operational costs and investment analysis is not entirely considered by the investor at the decision making stage. The absence of such information tends to produce certain negative impacts on the future running costs and annual maintenance of the building, especially on energy demand and other occupancy expenses paid by the tenants to the landlord. From the investor´s point of view, this blind spot in strategy development will possibly decrease their profit margin as changes in the occupancy expenses[ ] have a direct outcome on the profit margin. In order to try to reduce some higher operating cost components such as energy use and other utility savings as well as their CO2 emissions, quite a few income properties worldwide have some type of environmental label such as BREEAM and LEED. The drawback identified in this labelling is that usually the investments required to get an ecolabel are high and the investor finds no direct evidence that it increases market value. However there is research on certified commercial properties (especially offices) that shows better performance in terms of occupancy rate and rental cost (Warren-Myers, 2012). Additionally, Sayce (2013) says that the certification only provides a quick reference point i.e. the lack of a certificate does not indicate that a building is not sustainable or efficient. Based on the issues described above, this research compares important components of the development stages such as investments costs, concept/ strategy development as well as the current investor income and property value. The subjects for this analysis are a shopping centre designed with passive cooling/bioclimatic strategies evaluated at the decision making stage, a certified regional shopping centre and a non-certified standard regional shopping centre. Moreover, the proposal intends to provide decision makers with some tools for linking green design features to the investment analysis in order to optimize the decision making process when looking into cost savings and design quality.
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v.72:no.3(1977)
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This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the Troy & Greenfield Rail Road and its connections, [by] A.F. Edwards, chief engineer. It was published ca. 1855 by B.W. Thayer & Co.'s Lith. Scale not given. Covers Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and portions of Maine and New York.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Conic projection (Meters). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as railroads completed, chartered and under construction, drainage, selected cities, towns, and villages, state and county boundaries, and more. Relief shown by hachures.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of New England from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.