AVALIA����O DO ESPA��O DISPON��VEL PARA ERUP����O DOS SEGUNDOS E TERCEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES AP��S A DISTALIZA����O DOS PRIMEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar cefalometricamente, o espa��o e po-sicionamento das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes n��o erupcionados na regi��o da tuberosidade maxilar durante a distaliza����o dos pri-meiros molares superiores, al��m de verificar a correla����o entre estas duas vari��veis. A amostra foi constitu��da de 38 telerradiografias em norma lateral direita, obtidas de 19 pacientes, jovens brasileiros, leucodermas e melanodermas, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 13 do sexo feminino, com idade m��dia de 9 anos 5 meses 13 dias. A metodologia constou inicialmente da divis��o dos tempos (T1) inicial, e ap��s a distali-za����o do primeiro molar superior permanente em (T2) por um per��odo m��dio de 10 meses e 23 dias. Para avalia����o do espa��o e angula����o das coroas existente utili-zou-se uma Linha referencial intracraniana (Linha M) sendo esta demarcada, a partir de dois pontos, o ponto SE localizado na sutura esfenoetmoidal, e o ponto Pt locali-zado na parte anterior da fossa pterigopalatina. Esta linha referencial foi transferida at�� o ponto F, (Linha M ) ponto este localizado na regi��o mais posterio-inferior da tuberosidade maxilar. O espa��o avaliado compreendeu entre a Linha M , at�� a face distal do primeiro molar superior permanente. Na an��lise estat��stica usou-se o teste t (Teste t Student) , e na correla����o entre espa��o e angula����o foi utilizado o coefi-ciente de correla����o de Pearson. Conclu��mos que o espa��o correspondente entre a distal dos primeiros molares superiores permanentes e extremidade da tuberosidade maxilar, na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal, n��o �� suficiente para a erup-����o dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes. A angula����o das coroas na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal posicionam-se com angula����es mais para distal. Quanto �� correla����o das angula����es das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes e o espa��o para erup����o verificamos que quanto maior a angula����o das coroas para distal, menor os espa��os oferecidos para a erup����o.(AU)

AVALIA����O DO ESPA��O DISPON��VEL PARA ERUP����O DOS SEGUNDOS E TERCEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES AP��S A DISTALIZA����O DOS PRIMEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar cefalometricamente, o espa��o e po-sicionamento das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes n��o erupcionados na regi��o da tuberosidade maxilar durante a distaliza����o dos pri-meiros molares superiores, al��m de verificar a correla����o entre estas duas vari��veis. A amostra foi constitu��da de 38 telerradiografias em norma lateral direita, obtidas de 19 pacientes, jovens brasileiros, leucodermas e melanodermas, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 13 do sexo feminino, com idade m��dia de 9 anos 5 meses 13 dias. A metodologia constou inicialmente da divis��o dos tempos (T1) inicial, e ap��s a distali-za����o do primeiro molar superior permanente em (T2) por um per��odo m��dio de 10 meses e 23 dias. Para avalia����o do espa��o e angula����o das coroas existente utili-zou-se uma Linha referencial intracraniana (Linha M) sendo esta demarcada, a partir de dois pontos, o ponto SE localizado na sutura esfenoetmoidal, e o ponto Pt locali-zado na parte anterior da fossa pterigopalatina. Esta linha referencial foi transferida at�� o ponto F, (Linha M ) ponto este localizado na regi��o mais posterio-inferior da tuberosidade maxilar. O espa��o avaliado compreendeu entre a Linha M , at�� a face distal do primeiro molar superior permanente. Na an��lise estat��stica usou-se o teste t (Teste t Student) , e na correla����o entre espa��o e angula����o foi utilizado o coefi-ciente de correla����o de Pearson. Conclu��mos que o espa��o correspondente entre a distal dos primeiros molares superiores permanentes e extremidade da tuberosidade maxilar, na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal, n��o �� suficiente para a erup-����o dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes. A angula����o das coroas na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal posicionam-se com angula����es mais para distal. Quanto �� correla����o das angula����es das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes e o espa��o para erup����o verificamos que quanto maior a angula����o das coroas para distal, menor os espa��os oferecidos para a erup����o.(AU)

AVALIA����O DO ESPA��O DISPON��VEL PARA ERUP����O DOS SEGUNDOS E TERCEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES AP��S A DISTALIZA����O DOS PRIMEIROS MOLARES SUPERIORES PERMANENTES

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar cefalometricamente, o espa��o e po-sicionamento das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes n��o erupcionados na regi��o da tuberosidade maxilar durante a distaliza����o dos pri-meiros molares superiores, al��m de verificar a correla����o entre estas duas vari��veis. A amostra foi constitu��da de 38 telerradiografias em norma lateral direita, obtidas de 19 pacientes, jovens brasileiros, leucodermas e melanodermas, sendo 6 do sexo masculino e 13 do sexo feminino, com idade m��dia de 9 anos 5 meses 13 dias. A metodologia constou inicialmente da divis��o dos tempos (T1) inicial, e ap��s a distali-za����o do primeiro molar superior permanente em (T2) por um per��odo m��dio de 10 meses e 23 dias. Para avalia����o do espa��o e angula����o das coroas existente utili-zou-se uma Linha referencial intracraniana (Linha M) sendo esta demarcada, a partir de dois pontos, o ponto SE localizado na sutura esfenoetmoidal, e o ponto Pt locali-zado na parte anterior da fossa pterigopalatina. Esta linha referencial foi transferida at�� o ponto F, (Linha M ) ponto este localizado na regi��o mais posterio-inferior da tuberosidade maxilar. O espa��o avaliado compreendeu entre a Linha M , at�� a face distal do primeiro molar superior permanente. Na an��lise estat��stica usou-se o teste t (Teste t Student) , e na correla����o entre espa��o e angula����o foi utilizado o coefi-ciente de correla����o de Pearson. Conclu��mos que o espa��o correspondente entre a distal dos primeiros molares superiores permanentes e extremidade da tuberosidade maxilar, na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal, n��o �� suficiente para a erup-����o dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes. A angula����o das coroas na fase inicial e ap��s a movimenta����o distal posicionam-se com angula����es mais para distal. Quanto �� correla����o das angula����es das coroas dos segundos e terceiros molares superiores permanentes e o espa��o para erup����o verificamos que quanto maior a angula����o das coroas para distal, menor os espa��os oferecidos para a erup����o.(AU)

Strategic maxillary second-molar extraction in Class II malocclusion

Maxillary second-molar extraction in Class II malocclusion is a controversial issue in orthodontics. This treatment protocol is rigorous and not routine. In this case report, we present the orthodontic treatment of a patient with a Class II malocclusion, maxillary crowding, and no mandibular first molars, treated with extraction of the maxillary second molars. The mechanotherapy and indications of maxillary second- molar extraction are discussed. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009;136:878-86)

Management of a multiple dentoalveolar trauma in permanent dentition with avulsion of a canine: A 4-year follow-up

Traumatic dental injuries are relatively frequent accidents that typically involve teeth in the maxillary anterior segment. The emergency treatment and the clinical decisions must be efficiently made at the time of injury, and there is a need for long-term follow-up because of the high incidence of complications. The aim of this article was to present the emergency and rehabilitation treatments of a multiple dentoalveolar trauma in the permanent dentition involving different extensions of enamel-dentin crown fracture, pulp exposure, and the avulsion of a canine. The treatment outcomes are reported up to the 4-year follow-up, and the clinical approaches and their rationale are discussed.

Miniplates as skeletal anchorage for treating mandibular second molar impactions

Mandibular second molar impactions can be difficult to correct and might require surgery. A young man with an impacted mandibular right second molar was treated with a miniplate, which provided anchorage to upright the tooth. Although other devices are available, this technique appears to be predictable and quick, and has few side effects.

Tooth Abnormalities of Number and Position in the Permanent Dentition of Patients With Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Objective: To radiographically evaluate the prevalence of tooth abnormalities of number and position in the permanent dentition of individuals with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Design: Cross-sectional retrospective. Setting: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. Patients: Two hundred five individuals with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Interventions: Analysis of patient records and panoramic radiographs. Main outcome measures: Evaluation of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth and analysis of the position of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor in relation to the alveolar cleft. Results: Hypodontia was observed in 144 patients (70.2%), and the highest prevalence was observed for the maxillary lateral incisor. When both lateral incisors were present (43%), they were primarily located on the distal side of the cleft (25%). Supernumerary teeth were observed in 11.7% of individuals. Conclusion: Patients with cleft lip and palate presented high prevalence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth. The prevailing characteristics of their location may suggest the presence of a similar genetic component for the occurrence of hypodontia and cleft.

Dental anomalies of number in the permanent dentition of patients with bilateral cleft lip: Radiographic study

Objective: To radiographically evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with complete and incomplete bilateral cleft lip, comparing the prevalence of anomalies between genders and cleft types. Setting: Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Participants: 150 randomly selected panoramic radiographs of individuals with complete or incomplete bilateral cleft lip; patient age 12 to 25 years (mean age 13.8 years). Results: Data were statistically analyzed to compare the possible association between presence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth, according to gender and cleft type. Among the 150 patients evaluated, 80 (53.3%) were male and 70 (46.6%) were female. Since no statistically significant difference was found in hypodontia between genders, data were grouped for analysis, revealing prevalence of 31.6% for complete clefts and 26.8% for incomplete clefts. Concerning supernumerary teeth, the prevalence for the male patients was 28.2% for complete cleft lip and 29.2% for incomplete cleft lip. For female patients, the prevalence was significantly (p = .006) lower for complete cleft lip (17.5%) than for incomplete cleft lip (46.6%). Conclusions: The present results suggest that the prevalence of hypodontia was higher in patients with complete cleft lip, and the prevalence of supernumerary teeth was higher in patients with incomplete cleft lip, in agreement with previous studies.

Absence or weak correlation between chewing side preference and lateralities in primary, mixed and permanent dentition

Objectives: To determine whether chewing side preference (CSP) is correlated to lateralities (handedness, footedness, eyedness and earedness) in primary, mixed and permanent dentitions.Design: Three-hundred subjects were divided into 3 groups: Group 1-100 children 3-5 years old, primary dentition; Group 2-100 children 6-12 years old, mixed dentition; Group 3 - 100 subjects 18-47 years old, permanent dentition. CSP was determined using a method developed by Mc Donnell et al.(9) Subjects were given a piece of gum and the position of the chewing gum was recorded 7 times as right or left. Subjects were classified as 'observed preferred chewing side' (OPCS) when they performed 5/7, 6/7 or 7/7 strokes on the same side. OPCS corresponded to the CSP. Laterality tests were performed for handedness, footedness, eyedness and earedness tasks. The Chi-square (chi(2)) and phi correlation (r) tests were used to investigate significant correlations between CSP and sidedness.Results: There was a significant correlation between chewing and earedness (p = 0.00), although there was weak positive correlation (r = 0.30) for primary dentition. There were significant correlations between chewing and handedness (p = 0.02; r = 0.25) and chewing and footedness (p = 0.02; r = 0.26), however, there were weak positive correlations for mixed dentition; there were significant correlations between chewing and handedness (p = 0.02; r = 0.26); chewing and footedness (p = 0.00; r = 0.33) and chewing and earedness (p = 0.01; r = 0.29); however, there were weak positive correlations for permanent dentition.Conclusion: It may be concluded that CSP can be significantly correlated with: earedness for primary dentition; handedness and footedness for mixed dentition; handedness, footedness and earedness for permanent dentition, but these are weak positive relationships. Future work on larger samples of left- and right-sided individuals is required to validate the findings. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bilateral lower second molar impaction in teenagers: An emergent problem

The frequency of simultaneously impacted second and third molars in teenagers is increasing and becoming a common occurrence in adolescent oral surgery practice. The traditional treatment is the removal of the third molar by conventional access but repositioning of the surgical flap to the distal face of the first molar can predispose to complications such as pericoronitis and delayed healing of the attached gingiva. We present a case in which we use the germectomy approach to remove the impacted third molar for the eruption of the second molar through a vestibular incision. This incision offers excellent bone exposure and exit route for the third molar without disturbing the gingiva attached architecture on the distal face of the first molar providing good healing environment.

Presence and morphology of the molar tubercle according to dentition, hemi-arch and sex

The purpose of this study was to assess the presence and the degree of expression of the molar tubercle according to sex, dentition and hemi-arches. Study casts of 126 patients were assessed, and those were under orthodontic treatment at the University of Franca, UNIFRAN; they were from both sexs, from 4 to 13 years old. The upper second primary molars and the upper first permanent molars, from both sides, were evaluated regarding the presence and the degree of expression of the molar tubercle. For an association study, the qui-square test was utilized. The concordance about the presence or absence of the molar tubercle according to dentition, hemi-arch and sex, was estimated by the Kappa Statistics. There was a sexual dimorphism concerning the presence/absence of the molar tubercle (p=0.009), however there was no significant association between the degree of expression of the tubercle and the sex (p=0.791). The molar tubercle was more frequently observed in the male sex, in upper second primary molars and in the form of depression. There was a significant and "moderate" concordance between the left and right sides in primary dentition (k=0.596), there was a "good" concordance in permanent dentition (k=0.708) and a "weak" and significant concordance between the presence of the molar tubercle and dentition (k=0.207).

Are severe occlusal problems more frequent in permanent than deciduous dentition?

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and severity of occlusal problems in populations at the ages of deciduous and permanent dentition and to carry out a meta-analysis to estimate the weighted odds ratio for occlusal problems comparing both groups. METHODS: Data of a probabilistic sample (n=985) of schoolchildren aged 5 and 12 from an epidemiological study in the municipality of S��o Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed using univariate logistic regression (MLR). Results of cross-sectional study data published in the last 70 years were examined in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of occlusal problems increased from 49.0% (95% CI =47.4%-50.6%) in the deciduous dentition to 71.3% (95% CI =70.3%-72.3%) in the permanent dentition (p<0.001). Dentition was the only variable significantly associated to the severity of malocclusion (OR=1.87; 95% CI =1.43-2.45; p<0.001). The variables sex, type of school and ethnic group were not significant. The meta-analysis showed that a weighted OR of 1.95 (1.91; 1.98) when compared the second dentition period with deciduous and mixed dentition. CONCLUSIONS: In planning oral health services, some activities are indicated to reduce the proportion of moderate/severe malocclusion to levels that are socially more acceptable and economically sustainable.

Hipomineraliza����o molar-incisivo: preval��ncia, severidade e etiologia em escolares de Araraquara

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Irrompimento do primeiro molar permanente em crian��as de 5 e 6 anos de idade: implica����es da an��lise longitudinal para preven����o da c��rie oclusal

O tempo de irrompimento dent��rio �� essencial para o planejamento de medidas de preven����o da c��rie oclusal. Com a amplia����o do ensino fundamental de oito para nove anos de dura����o, um n��mero maior de crian��as entre cinco e seis anos de idade �� inclu��do na primeira s��rie do ensino fundamental. OBJETIVO: O objetivo foi estimar as tend��ncias do irrompimento dos primeiros molares permanentes em meninos e meninas de 5 e 6 anos de idade. M��TODOS: Em estudo longitudinal, espa��os dent��rios de 497 crian��as de 60 meses e mais de idade foram examinados quatro vezes por um dentista calibrado (kappa > 0,97) durante 18 meses. O primeiro molar permanente foi considerado irrompido quando qualquer parte de sua superf��cie podia ser tocada por uma sonda de ponta esf��rica. A idade dos participantes foi medida em meses. Intervalos para 95% de confian��a dos valores de preval��ncia e incid��ncia foram apurados conforme o sexo para tr��s coortes et��rias: 60,0 a 65,9; 66,0 a 71,9; 72,0 a 77,9 meses. A raz��o entre as taxas de incid��ncia foi estimada por meio de an��lise de regress��o de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A maioria das crian��as entre 66,0 e 71,9 meses e entre 72,0 e 77,9 meses tem pelo menos um molar permanente irrompido. No grupo de 66,0 a 71,9 meses, de cada tr��s crian��as pelo menos uma apresentou os quatro primeiros molares permanentes irrompidos. CONCLUS��O. As tend��ncias de irrompimento observadas justificam a necessidade da ado����o de medidas de vigil��ncia e de prote����o espec��fica em rela����o �� les��o de c��rie oclusal.