The 1864 census of the territory of Arizona. The Historical records survey, Division of women's and professional projects, Works progress administration.

Mode of access: Internet.

Efficacité du counseling d'orientation: impacts de l'alliance de travail et du contexte psychosocial

La problématique centrale de cette thèse de doctorat est l'efficacité de l'accompagnement à l'orientation. Elle renvoie en particulier à la multiplicité des types d'interventions ainsi qu'aux tensions entre les finalités de l'orientation qui rendent improbable une mesure univoque et objective de l'efficacité des pratiques. Le «mythe » de l'efficacité trouve notamment sa source dans le persistent monopole du modèle de l'appariement qui a largement influencé le développement de la discipline. Le manuscrit est basé sur deux études empiriques. Premièrement, « voies professionnelles » est une étude longitudinale visant l'évaluation de l'efficacité d'un service de counseling d'orientation au travers de mesures intraindividuelles. Les résultats immédiats (pre-post) indiquent une forte diminution de l'indécision vocationnelle des consultants ainsi qu'une augmentation de leur bien-être. Les résultats longitudinaux sur un an indiquent une évolution positive des difficultés plus ancrées ainsi qu'un fort taux d'implémentation des projets professionnels. La qualité de l'alliance de travail démontre un impact positif sur l'efficacité de la démarche. Deuxièmement, l'étude « orientation et genre » a permis de mettre en évidence un effet d'interaction entre le sexe et le niveau scolaire d'élèves en fin de scolarité sur leurs profils d'intérêts professionnels. Ce résultat affecte en particulier les jeunes filles dans une filière à exigences élémentaires car ces deux identités psychosociales semblent restreindre doublement les options professionnelles envisageables. Les deux études ont permis de soulever cinq implications centrales : (1) La distinction entre les aspects cognitifs et émotionnels de l'indécision vocationnelle est importante. En particulier, la préparation au choix est un construit qui nécessite clarification ; (2) Les processus de transitions professionnelles ainsi que leur accompagnement doivent être considérés dans leur dimension temporelle ; (3) L'interconnexion des différentes sphères de vie est centrale dans les processus d'orientation et leur accompagnement ; (4) L'efficacité du conseil en orientation est affectée par la qualité des aspects relationnels ; (5) La complexité des pratiques et de leurs finalités confronte l'orientation à son rôle envers des identités psychosociales fragilisées. - The central issue of this doctoral thesis is the effectiveness of career counseling and guidance. In particular, this refers to the many types of career interventions as well as the tensions between their objectives. Those aspects make it unlikely to get an unambiguous and objective measure of the effectiveness of career practices. The "myth of efficiency" is particularly rooted in the persistent monopoly of person-environment fit models, which greatly influenced the development of the discipline. This manuscript is based on two empirical studies. First, "career paths" is a longitudinal study looking at the effectiveness of a career counseling service through intraindividual measures. Pre-post impacts showed a significant decrease in clients' vocational indecision as well as a moderate increase in their well-being. The one year-longitudinal results highlighted significant decreases in more constant decision-making difficulties with a high proportion of clients having implemented their professional projects. The quality of the working alliance had a positive impact on the effectiveness of the intervention. The second study, "vocational development and gender" highlighted an interaction effect between late schoolchildren's gender and school level on their professional interests profile. This result particularly affected girls at a low school level, because these psychosocial identities were a double restraint in restricting career options. The two studies raised five central implications: (1) The distinction between cognitive and emotional aspects of vocational indecision is important. In particular, readiness to make a choice is a construct that requires clarification; (2) career transitions processes as well as supporting these transitions, should be considered in their temporal dimension (3) the interconnection of different spheres of life is central to vocational development and career guidance and counseling; (4) the effectiveness of career counseling is affected by the quality of the relational aspects in the intervention; (5) and the complexity of career interventions and their objectives forces practitioners to consider their role and responsibilities towards clients with marginalized psychosocial identities.

Il était une fois l’ailleurs-- le stage de coopération internationale comme espace de développement du cosmopolitisme et de la conscientisation des jeunes Québécois

Chaque année, quelques milliers de jeunes Québécois découvrent la coopération internationale, par le biais de stages dans des pays dits « en développement ». Si les retombées de ces stages sur les populations partenaires du Sud sont connues et régulièrement évaluées, il existe en revanche peu d'études de suivi des stagiaires à leur retour au Québec. Quel impact cette expérience a-t-elle eu sur ces jeunes? Quelles étaient leurs motivations au départ? Et comment leur engagement vis-à-vis des problématiques de développement a-t-il évolué ou s’est-il même maintenu suite à leur séjour? Comment leur expérience a-t-elle façonné leurs projets professionnels et leurs perceptions de l’avenir? Ce mémoire a pour objet de dresser un portrait de l’impact d’un stage de coopération internationale sur les jeunes stagiaires de retour au Québec. Pour ce faire, notre recherche s’appuie sur des données quantitatives et qualitatives recueillies auprès d’anciens stagiaires de l’ONG Mer et Monde. Les données quantitatives ont été collectées à l’aide d’un sondage effectué auprès de 367 anciens stagiaires et un entretien de groupe a fourni les bases qualitatives de la recherche. Les résultats de l’analyse suggèrent que le stage a très certainement une forte influence sur l’engagement et le mode de vie des jeunes à leur retour au Québec. À la suite de l’expérience à l’étranger, l’identité des enquêtés est notamment affectée par rapport à six aspects : l’ouverture sur le monde, la conscience écologique, la conscience sociale, le développement personnel, le rapport à l’« Autre », et les représentations de l’« Ailleurs ». Il apparait que ce sont tout autant les habitudes de vie, que le regard que les stagiaires portent sur le monde, qui se sont trouvés affectés. Et la spécificité d’une telle expérience et les processus à l’œuvre nous permettent d’assimiler ce type de stage à une expérience de développement du cosmopolitisme et de la conscientisation des jeunes Québécois.

Un cadre d’analyse interactionniste pour éclairer le rapport entre la formation et l’insertion professionnelle des candidats à l’enseignement au Québec

Ce mémoire est une recherche théorique qui tire son origine du constat selon lequel il est difficile d’analyser la réalisation du projet professionnel des candidats à l’enseignement. Tel est le cas en raison des particularités contextuelles et des pluralités théoriques relatives aux notions de formation et d’insertion. À partir de ce constat, ce mémoire propose un cadre d’analyse permettant de comprendre comment les jeunes enseignants du Québec appréhendent le « rapport entre » leur formation et leur insertion face aux différentes contraintes (i.e. rigidité du système institutionnel de la formation, marché de l’insertion fluctuant et saturé, etc.) et aux ressources disponibles (i.e. programme d’études, cours, etc.) pour réaliser leur projet professionnel. Il repose sur l’hypothèse selon laquelle, pour réaliser leur projet professionnel, les candidats à l’enseignement mobilisent des stratégies afin de négocier les contraintes et ressources de leurs contextes respectifs. Dans cette optique, la démarche de cette recherche théorique s’inscrit dans une perspective interactionniste, telle qu’elle est véhiculée par la tradition de Chicago (Chapoulie, 2001). Quelques postulats sont mobilisés pour baliser les différentes étapes d’élaboration du cadre d’analyse. Le premier postulat considère que le « point de vue » de l’acteur est prépondérant pour comprendre ses conduites (Morrissette, Guignon & Demaziére, 2011). Cela amène à articuler les ancrages théoriques nécessaires à l’élaboration du cadre d’analyse en croisant une sociologie interactionniste avec une sociologie de l’action. Plus particulièrement, les concepts de « définition de la situation » de Thomas (1923) et de la « représentation de soi » de Goffman (1969) sont mis à profit. Les notions de coopération, d’incertitude et de rationalité, tirées du modèle de l’acteur stratégique de Crozier et Friedberg (1981), viennent compléter les assises de la modélisation d’une trame de négociation (Strauss & Baszanger, 1992). Le deuxième postulat considère que les contextes, sont prépondérants pour expliquer les conduites humaines (Abbott, 1999). Ces contextes, dits «éloignés» et «rapprochés» de l’acteur, constituent le « contexte d’action » (Strauss & Baszanger, 1992). Ce faisant, ils influent sur les stratégies mobilisées par l’acteur candidat à l’enseignement. Le troisième postulat considère que le monde social est animé par des processus (re)créés au travers des interactions entre acteurs (Morrissette & Guignon, 2014). Il amène à envisager la formation et l’insertion comme des processus sujets à des redéfinitions continues. Cela conduit à repenser la réalisation du projet professionnel des candidats à l’enseignement sous l’angle du « rapport entre ». Ces trois postulats structurent le cadre d’analyse qui se présente comme une « trame de négociation ». Il est développé pour éventuellement éclairer les stratégies de négociation mobilisées en contexte par les candidats québécois à l’enseignement pour réaliser leur projet professionnel.

Serviço social: mediação escola e sociedade

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Instituto Atende - Consultoria em Desenvolvimento Humano: a construção de um espaço profissional alternativo nas organizações de calçados de Franca - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Os jovens agricultores familiares e a reproduçao geracional na agricultura familiar : Estudo de caso dos jovens residentes no município de Faxinal do Soturno - Brasil

This study examines how the youth's Professional projects in new generation of family farmers are prepared and the perspective of reproduction of the familiar mode of production. The sociological task is to specify the distinctive features of the situation of the youth in family farming, seeking to identify the elements considered in the preparation of their professional projects. Qualitative data were produced by a case study of young farmers who lives in the city of Faxinal do Soturno, a municipality belonging to the fourth colony of Italian immigration in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. We performed 36 interviews, consisting of open questions, adopting a semi-structured script, wich were examined by de method of content analysis. Among the results, were observed a context marked by professional projects that breaks with the succession of the family farm work. The negative ratings on agricultural work stand out, particularly on issues related to health, salubrity of work and conditions of aging in rural areas. Family and emotional issues, and also specific aspects of the juvenile condition, marked by the pursuit of autonomy and emancipation, permeate the professional projects in development and show a complex analytical framework, wich amplify the explanatory factors of migration of youth.

Os jovens agricultores familiares e a reproduçao geracional na agricultura familiar : Estudo de caso dos jovens residentes no município de Faxinal do Soturno - Brasil

This study examines how the youth's Professional projects in new generation of family farmers are prepared and the perspective of reproduction of the familiar mode of production. The sociological task is to specify the distinctive features of the situation of the youth in family farming, seeking to identify the elements considered in the preparation of their professional projects. Qualitative data were produced by a case study of young farmers who lives in the city of Faxinal do Soturno, a municipality belonging to the fourth colony of Italian immigration in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. We performed 36 interviews, consisting of open questions, adopting a semi-structured script, wich were examined by de method of content analysis. Among the results, were observed a context marked by professional projects that breaks with the succession of the family farm work. The negative ratings on agricultural work stand out, particularly on issues related to health, salubrity of work and conditions of aging in rural areas. Family and emotional issues, and also specific aspects of the juvenile condition, marked by the pursuit of autonomy and emancipation, permeate the professional projects in development and show a complex analytical framework, wich amplify the explanatory factors of migration of youth.

Os jovens agricultores familiares e a reproduçao geracional na agricultura familiar : Estudo de caso dos jovens residentes no município de Faxinal do Soturno - Brasil

This study examines how the youth's Professional projects in new generation of family farmers are prepared and the perspective of reproduction of the familiar mode of production. The sociological task is to specify the distinctive features of the situation of the youth in family farming, seeking to identify the elements considered in the preparation of their professional projects. Qualitative data were produced by a case study of young farmers who lives in the city of Faxinal do Soturno, a municipality belonging to the fourth colony of Italian immigration in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. We performed 36 interviews, consisting of open questions, adopting a semi-structured script, wich were examined by de method of content analysis. Among the results, were observed a context marked by professional projects that breaks with the succession of the family farm work. The negative ratings on agricultural work stand out, particularly on issues related to health, salubrity of work and conditions of aging in rural areas. Family and emotional issues, and also specific aspects of the juvenile condition, marked by the pursuit of autonomy and emancipation, permeate the professional projects in development and show a complex analytical framework, wich amplify the explanatory factors of migration of youth.

Installation of a single fingerprint file.

"August 28, 1937."

Barriers to cross-border research projects: A prelude to improving professional collaborations between the United States and Mexico

Study objective. This was a secondary data analysis of a study designed and executed in two phases in order to investigate several questions: Why aren't more investigators conducting successful cross-border research on human health issues? What are the barriers to conducting this research? What interventions might facilitate cross-border research? ^ Methods. Key informant interviews and focus groups were used in Phase One, and structured questionnaires in Phase Two. A multi-question survey was created based on the findings of focus groups and distributed to a wider circle of researchers and academics for completion. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS software. ^ Setting. El Paso, TX located on the U.S-Mexico Border. ^ Participants. Individuals from local academic institutions and the State Department of Health. ^ Results. From the transcribed data of the focus groups, eight major themes emerged: Political Barriers, Language/Cultural Barriers, Differing Goals, Geographic Issues, Legal Barriers, Technology/Material Issues, Financial Barriers, and Trust Issues. Using these themes, the questionnaire was created. ^ The response rate for the questionnaires was 47%. The largest obstacles revealed by this study were identifying a funding source for the project (47% agreeing or strongly agreeing), difficulties paying a foreign counterpart (33% agreeing or strongly agreeing) and administrative changes in Mexico (31% agreeing or strongly agreeing). ^ Conclusions. Many U.S. investigators interested in cross-border research have been discouraged in their efforts by varying barriers. The majority of respondents in the survey felt financial issues and changes in Mexican governments were the most significant obstacles. While some of these barriers can be overcome simply by collaboration among motivated groups, other barriers may be more difficult to remove. Although more evaluation of this research question is warranted, the information obtained through this study is sufficient to support creation of a Cross-Border Research Resource Manual to be used by individuals interested in conducting research with Mexico. ^

Undergraduate student experiences and perceptions of group projects

This paper reports the experiences and perceptions of student group projects of three cohorts of undergraduates: a 3rd year capstone course in professional communication (N = 54), a 3rd year elective in chemical engineering (N = 29), and a core 2nd-year course in chemical engineering (N = 74).

Undergraduate teaching of ideal and real fluid flows: The value of real-world experimental projects

This study describes the pedagogical impact of real-world experimental projects undertaken as part of an advanced undergraduate Fluid Mechanics subject at an Australian university. The projects have been organised to complement traditional lectures and introduce students to the challenges of professional design, physical modelling, data collection and analysis. The physical model studies combine experimental, analytical and numerical work in order to develop students’ abilities to tackle real-world problems. A first study illustrates the differences between ideal and real fluid flow force predictions based upon model tests of buildings in a large size wind tunnel used for research and professional testing. A second study introduces the complexity arising from unsteady non-uniform wave loading on a sheltered pile. The teaching initiative is supported by feedback from undergraduate students. The pedagogy of the course and projects is discussed with reference to experiential, project-based and collaborative learning. The practical work complements traditional lectures and tutorials, and provides opportunities which cannot be learnt in the classroom, real or virtual. Student feedback demonstrates a strong interest for the project phases of the course. This was associated with greater motivation for the course, leading in turn to lower failure rates. In terms of learning outcomes, the primary aim is to enable students to deliver a professional report as the final product, where physical model data are compared to ideal-fluid flow calculations and real-fluid flow analyses. Thus the students are exposed to a professional design approach involving a high level of expertise in fluid mechanics, with sufficient academic guidance to achieve carefully defined learning goals, while retaining sufficient flexibility for students to construct there own learning goals. The overall pedagogy is a blend of problem-based and project-based learning, which reflects academic research and professional practice. The assessment is a mix of peer-assessed oral presentations and written reports that aims to maximise student reflection and development. Student feedback indicated a strong motivation for courses that include a well-designed project component.

CDIO and the European Project Semester: a match for capstone projects?

The CDIO Initiative is an open innovative educational framework for engineering graduation degrees set in the context of Conceiving – Designing – Implementing – Operating real-world systems and products, which is embraced by a network of worldwide universities, the CDIO collaborators. A CDIO compliant engineering degree programme typically includes a capstone module on the final semester. Its purpose is to expose students to problems of a greater dimension and complexity than those faced throughout the degree programme as well as to put them in contact with the so-called real world, in opposition to the academic world. However, even in the CDIO context, there are barriers that separate engineering capstone students from the real world context of an engineering professional: (i) limited interaction with experts from diverse scientific areas; (ii) reduced cultural and scientific diversity within the teams; and (iii) lack of a project supportive framework to foster the complementary technical and non-technical skills required in an engineering professional. To address these shortcomings, we propose the adoption of the European Project Semester (EPS) framework, a one semester student centred international capstone programme offered by a group of European engineering schools (the EPS Providers) as part of their student exchange programme portfolio. The EPS package is organised around a central module – the EPS project – and a set of complementary supportive modules. Project proposals refer to open multidisciplinary real world problems and supervision becomes coaching. The students are organised in teams, grouping individuals from diverse academic backgrounds and nationalities, and each team is fully responsible for conducting its project. EPS complies with the CDIO directives on Design-Implement experiences and provides an integrated framework for undertaking capstone projects, which is focussed on multicultural and multidisciplinary teamwork, problem-solving, communication, creativity, leadership, entrepreneurship, ethical reasoning and global contextual analysis. As a result, we recommend the adoption of the EPS within CDIO capstone modules for the benefit of engineering students.

Assessing the impact of DRGs on patient care and professional practice in Switzerland (IDoC) : a potential model for monitoring and evaluating healthcare reform.

QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: The starting point of the interdisciplinary project "Assessing the impact of diagnosis related groups (DRGs) on patient care and professional practice" (IDoC) was the lack of a systematic ethical assessment for the introduction of cost containment measures in healthcare. Our aim was to contribute to the methodological and empirical basis of such an assessment. METHODS: Five sub-groups conducted separate but related research within the fields of biomedical ethics, law, nursing sciences and health services, applying a number of complementary methodological approaches. The individual research projects were framed within an overall ethical matrix. Workshops and bilateral meetings were held to identify and elaborate joint research themes. RESULTS: Four common, ethically relevant themes emerged in the results of the studies across sub-groups: (1.) the quality and safety of patient care, (2.) the state of professional practice of physicians and nurses, (3.) changes in incentives structure, (4.) vulnerable groups and access to healthcare services. Furthermore, much-needed data for future comparative research has been collected and some early insights into the potential impact of DRGs are outlined. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the joint results we developed preliminary recommendations related to conceptual analysis, methodological refinement, monitoring and implementation.