Análise da problemática socioambiental de nascentes urbanas no município de Garanhuns-PE

Garanhuns City, in Pernambuco, undergoes a rapid, polluting and non-organized urban development affecting its freshwater springs around the urban environment. These sources are of great importance to the district as well as to the hydrographic basin of the Mundaú River. In this view, this paper aims at analyzing the socio-environmental problems resulting from the urban expansion surrounding the Garanhuns’ sources. The study considers the social and environmental dynamics and follows the theoretical contributions of socio-environmental geography proposed by Mendonça’s Urban Environmental System methodological and theoretical model (2004), as well as the conceptual values of Santos’ space theory (2002a). The data treatment included bibliographical and documental research, evaluation of environmental impact, and water analysis. It revealed that Garanhuns possesses many local environmental traits favoring the coming out of freshwater springs and that these sources have played an important role in the making and development of that village. The environmental impacts on freshwater springs, like Olho D’água, Bom Pastor, Vila Maria, Pau Amarelo and Pau Pombo have been evaluated through the environmental impact score IIAN. It put alight serious cases of socio-environmental impacts on the dynamics of the freshwater springs. In the period of April 2013 and April 2014, it monitored the superficial water quality expelled by the Pau Pombo, Pau Amarelo e Vila Maria water sources, and the analyses of the contents followed the determinations of the Environmental National Board, whose parameters are dissolved oxygen, biochemical demand of oxygen, nitrate, total coliforms, faecal coliforms, and electrical conductivity. The results recollected suggest the existence of organic pollution and deep alteration in the water coming out from the sources. In consequence, it seems important the putting out of measures destined to stop those impacts and guaranteeing protection and maintenance of the freshwater springs and their micro-basins.

La problemática ambiental de la Región Punilla (Provincia de Córdoba): estudio y promoción de prácticas participativas y cogestivas para su abordaje y resolución

En el marco de la regionalización de la Provincia de Córdoba, a partir de la sanción de la Ley 9206 y de la posterior consolidación de la Comunidad Regional Punilla -procesos en los cuales este equipo ha tomado parte activa a raíz de la asistencia técnica-; se percibe, a partir de la identificación por parte de los actores públicos de la problemática vinculada a la sustentabilidad ambiental como problemática prioritaria del Valle de Punilla, la oportunidad de promover la participación de la sociedad en la gestión regional. La complejidad y multidimensionalidad de la problemática socioambiental lo propicia, al tiempo que la consideración en la legislación mencionada de la participación de la sociedad civil abre una brecha entre la formalidad y la materialidad de la CRP, cuestionando las posibilidades de promover la convergencia socio-política. El proyecto busca contribuir a la generación y consolidación de espacios multiactorales de concertación que faciliten el diseño y la gestión de estrategias y políticas regionales consensuadas. La estrategia de intervención del equipo recepta buena parte de los aspectos teórico-conceptuales que sustentan las metodologías conocidas como PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada. FLACSO) reconociendo sus potencialidades para el estudio y la promoción de prácticas participativas cogestivas en procesos de cambio político y social. En ese sentido, se procurará la conformación gradual de una red mixta socio-gubernamental a través de la producción de conocimientos aprovechables en tiempo real y con procesos de elaboración que garanticen la apropiación de ese conocimiento por parte de los sujetos involucrados. Así, los resultados parciales del proyecto aportarán a la dinámica constructiva de acuerdos interactorales que han de traducirse en una mayor participación social en el sistema decisorio regional y se espera que aquellos resultados parciales sean compartidos durante el desarrollo mismo del proyecto y no solamente al momento de su finalización.

Consells de Greenpeace per portar a la pràctica una vida coherent amb el medi ambient. 'Consejos de Greenpeace para llevar a la práctica una vida coherente con el medio ambiente'.

Resumen basado en el de la autora en catalán

Propuesta de desarrollo curricular para el área de Ciencias de la Naturaleza en la ESO.

Proyecto de desarrollo curricular realizado por cuatro profesores de distintos centros educativos de Alava con los siguientes objetivos: elaborar un marco teórico de referencia en el que funadmentar las propuestas curriculares para el área de Ciencias de la Naturaleza en la ESO y que posibilite la convergencia con otras áreas, realizar una secuenciación y organización de los contenidos del área coherente con los planteamientos teóricos que facilite al alumno una comprensión global del mundo y plasmar las concepciones y estrategias metodológicas propuestas en el diseño de materiales curriculares. Los resultados del proceso, en el que resulta importante la consideración de la problemática socioambiental, se plasman en la elaboración del proyecto curricular del área de Ciencias de la Naturaleza en la ESO y de una unidad didáctica titulada 'El paisaje'.

Educação ambiental: mediações sociais e políticas e a indolência do Poder Público à sua inclusão no ensino formal

As a result of the prediction of irreversible changes on necessary conditions to maintain life, including human, on the planet, environmental education got the spotlight in the political scenario, due to social pressure for the development of individual and collective values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences towards environmental preservation. In Brazil, only in 1999 the right for environmental education was officially granted to people, having the status of essential and permanent component in the country s education. Since then, it has been Government s duty, in each federal branch, to plan actions to make it happen, in an articulate way in all levels and modalities of the education process, both formally and informally. This work of research has environmental education in the school as subject matter, and aims on analyzing social and political mediations established between this National Environmental Education policy and the contexts associated to the legislative production process, the political nature of the conceptions about environmental education that underlie Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) and also Rio Grande do Norte Government s actions and omissions related to the imperative nature of the insertion of environmental education in the schools ran by the state, during the ten years this law has been in force. The investigation of the subject matter was led by a social and historical understanding of the social and environmental phenomena, as well as of the education system as a whole, considering that only through a dialectical view we can see the real world, by destroying the pseudo-concreteness that surrounds the topic. While analyzing, we assumed that in face of the dominance of a social organization in which market regulations rule on environmental ones, by developing individual and collective critical conscience, environmental education can become a threat to dominant economical interests in exploiting natural resources. The results of this research suggest that as an educational practice to be developed in an integrated, continuous and permanent fashion in all levels and modalities of formal education, environmental education has not yet come to pass in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, due to the neglect and disrespect of the government when facing the need of promoting the necessary and legally appointed measures to make it present in the basic education provided by the state. The legislators silence when it comes to approving a regulation on environmental education essential to define policies, rules and criteria to teaching the subject in the state and the omission from the public administration regarding critical actions in order to integrate in public schools the activities related to the National Environmental Education Policy, represent a political decision for not doing anything, despite the legal demand for an active position. This neglecting attitude for the actualizing of strategically concrete actions, urgent and properly planned for the implementation of environmental education in schools in a multidisciplinary way, exposes the lack of interest the predominant classes have in such kind of education being made available, as it could be developed based on a critic political view, becoming a political and educational action against dominance. When analyzing the basic principles and fundamental goals in Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) the development of a critic environmental education is really possible and concurs with the National Environmental Education Policy, reflecting the social and political mediations established between this public policy and the contexts associated to its legislative production process, which are responsible for approving a regulation which also represents the mind of the people about environmental protection above anything else

A atuação do assistente social como educador ambiental nos Projetos de Trabalho Técnico Social (PTTS)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O PROCESSO DE OCUPAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS COSTEIROS DO EXTREMO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL

No litoral de Santa Catarina ocorrem ambientes naturais, diversificados e de extraordinária beleza, importante atrativo turístico e residencial. Com a expansão dos balneários, principalmente a partir da década de 1970, essas áreas vêm sofrendo profundas transformações em sua estrutura espacial, pela pressão antrópica, com a proliferação de ocupações irregulares. Este trabalho tem como propósito analisar a evolução temporal do uso e ocupação do solo e da problemática socioambiental dos municípios de Passo de Torres e Balneário Gaivota, localizados no extremo sul do Estado. A metodologia consistiu na análise de fotografias aéreas do ano de 1966 e imagens atuais de satélites, trabalhos de campo, pesquisa bibliográfica e uso de técnicas aplicadas aos Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Este estudo de uso e ocupação do solo fornece subsídios para o ordenamento territorial nos espaços costeiros e contribui para a compreensão da formação sócio-espacial regional da zona costeira do Brasil meridional.

Proyecto Fortalecimiento de los Gobiernos Locales y de las ONG´s para el desarrollo Medio y Socioambiental en la Región de Punilla en la Provincia de Córdoba

El presente proyecto plantea la profundización de una línea de investigación ya existente en el ICDA que cuenta con apoyo del VRMU de la UCC y aval de la SECyT, sobre la identificación de problemas y necesidades de los gobiernos locales y las ONG´s de la Región de Punilla de la Provincia de Córdoba en torno a la problemática ambiental y la promoción de prácticas participativas para su abordaje y resolución. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo inmediato promover el fortalecimiento de los Gobiernos locales y de las ONGs, siguiendo las líneas de trabajo del ICDA a través de sus centros especializados CIPEAP–Profim y CIPAC–Compás respectivamente, en lo referido a gestión sustentable del medio ambiente y la utilización y/o conservación de los recursos naturales, principalemente el agua. La investigación procura identificar las áreas problema en el marco de la gestión socio-ambiental focalizada en la gestión estratégica del recurso hídrico con el fin de sistematizar los aspectos que facilitan u obstaculizan el acuerdo, la gestión asociada y la administración eficiente de los recursos naturales en la región. Entre las necesidades prioritarias vinculadas a la gestión socio – ambiental se delimitaron los núcleos del problema de la gestión estratégica del recurso hídrico, como principal eje de desarrollo de la región. En este sentido Punilla enfrenta diferentes niveles de problemáticas; en primer lugar, se encuentra la contaminación de la principal cuenca hídrica que provee agua potable para consumo humano a los mayores centros urbanos con consecuencias directas sobre la salud ambiental; de esta manera el saneamiento y las metodologías a aplicarse, representan un espacio de confrontación entre los actores tanto gubernamentales como no gubernamentales por implementar prácticas de saneamiento sin una visión de desarrollo integral. En segundo lugar la región enfrenta la amenaza de la escasez del recurso, como consecuencia de la creciente urbanización y de las barreras geográficas que en muchos casos impiden obras de infraestructura que garanticen el acceso igualitario al mismo. Finalmente las consecuencias y efectos desde el punto de vista de la salud de las personas junto a la disminución de oportunidades y los problemas del desarrollo socio-económico de la región, representan un tercer eje de investigación en consonancia con las Políticas y Estrategias de Investigación de la UCC (RR 492/07). Dada la complejidad del proyecto, resulta fundamental el apoyo que brinda la Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), como socia en la presentación a la convocatoria realizada para obtener el financiamento por parte de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID).

Avaliação do potencial tóxico de águas oriundas de irrigação agrícola no Baixo-Açu/RN: um problema socioambiental

For many decades the problematic raised about the indiscriminate use of pesticides in modern agriculture has incited the interest of many researchers to discover the effects caused by such products in the environment and consequently in the life of the ones which use that products (farmers) and those people who live in places next to the agricultural areas. Facing these facts, this research had the intention of comprehend the environmental perception of habitants of the Distrito Irrigado do Baixo-Açu (DIBA), located in the semiarid of Rio Grande do Norte, by using agro toxics and its possible environmental effects, as well as evaluate the levels of toxicity of waters from agricultural runoff in this region by using eco-toxicological exams with Ceriodaphnia silvestii. Were done 86 interviews with dwellers and farmers from DIBA. With the results reached in the evaluation of the interviews it was possible to identify that one of major problems is the inappropriate discard of empty packs of the pesticides used at that place. The samples collected for eco-toxicological evaluation showed a variation in its toxicity, once that the point of collect which receives waters from different cultures presented in four out of five samples toxicity for the tested species. Therefore, it concludes that the indiscriminate use of pesticides agricultural practice presented a potential to pollute to the irrigation waters, and the absence of elucidation by the farmers about the manipulation of these products contribute to the risk of environmental contamination and the possible decrease of the quality of life of the dwellers of the region

Análise socioambiental da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte: subsídios para a construção da Agenda 21 local

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Convivendo com o lixo: a vulnerabilidade socioambiental no bairro Jardim Graminha, Leme, Sao Paulo

Urban space occupation occurs in an extremely disordered way. Political, economical and social aspects converge to create a problem that affects mostly poor people who are impelled to occupy areas where social and environmental problems are likely to emerge. Floods, landslides and different forms of pollution have more effects on the most vulnerable groups. In many cases, actions taken by the government legitimate this structure and reinforce its reproduction. This work seeks to confirm both that poor people are vulnerable to social and environmental problems resulting from inappropriate urban solid waste disposal and that the local government contributes to this situation. It is assumed that the issue is related first to the government’s disregard for poor people who live in unhealthy places and, second, to the inability of such people to demand for better living conditions. In this study, a waste disposal area within Jardim Graminha neighborhood in Leme (São Paulo) was selected to be analyzed by means of systematic observation. The study clearly shows that poor people living near that area where different types of garbage are disposed are vulnerable and the government does not control the situation. It is also pointed out that governmental intervention and the use of political and technical tools are necessary for planning and managing the area to mitigate these problems and to decrease poor people’s social and environmental vulnerability.

Responsabilidade socioambiental: conhecimento dos profissionais da saúde sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos no serviço público

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do impacto socioambiental de indústrias têxteis no rio Jundiaí - Macaíba/RN/Brasil

The contamination of aquatic environments is a phenomenon that dates back the origins of human civilizations and was amplified by the advent of industrial processes. The Jundiaí river , Macaíba's main water source, suffering discharge of effluents from various industries. The study work´s in two fronts, the environmental perception front was conducted through semistructured interviews whose textile effluent was appointed by the population as the main problem in the river. It was observed that nearly all respondents had concerns about the environment. In addition, there is an inclusion of individuals as the cause of the problem, because a significant part recognizes that its activities may cause damage to the environment and people's health. In other front, the experimental monitoring of water quality was conducted through ecotoxicological tests and physiochemical analysis that proposed to assess Pomacea lineata .Mysidopsis juniae isolated effect of textile effluent and its influence on the river compared with the limits established by Brazilian law. Although the physio-chemical analysis shows is inconclusive about the participation of the textile effluent in environmental contamination of the river, the ecotoxicological tests have shown to blunt the signal that the effluent may present a risk to aquatic organisms and consequently to human health. Thus, an interdisciplinary way it was possible to study the cause of the environmental problem identified by the population in the realization phase and measurable effect on water quality analysis in the river by means of the tests mentioned.

Responsabilidade socioambiental empresarial: revisão da literatura sobre conceitos

A responsabilidade social empresarial tem se tornado tema debatido e propagado pela mídia global e brasileira e adquirido importância nas estratégias de negócios de uma empresa. a sociedade não aceita mais que empresas forneçam apenas qualidade, preço e cumprimento da legislação; ela passou a valorizar, cada vez mais, empresas que ajudam a minimizar os problemas sociais e ambientais da atualidade. mas qual o significado de responsabilidade social? neste artigo realiza-se uma revisão de literatura sobre o conceito e seu desenvolvimento na atualidade

Eco postal: um programa socioambiental com gera????o de emprego e renda

Na Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Tel??grafos (ECT), um grande n??mero de empregados recebe uniformes com periodicidade semestral, o que inclui tamb??m a troca peri??dica dos malotes inutilizados pelo desgaste. Por quest??es de seguran??a, todo esse material inserv??vel era destinado ao aterro sanit??rio. Mas, desde 2004, foi encontrado um novo destino para esses objetos a partir das cooperativas formadas em conv??nio com a Universidade Federal do Paran??, Associa????o Comercial do munic??pio de Toledo e Organiza????es N??o-Governamentais (ONGs). As cooperativas transformam artesanalmente esse material em v??rios produtos que geram emprego e renda, especialmente para as fam??lias que, em muitas situa????es, viviam do subemprego. Isso demonstra a import??ncia que a empresa confere ??s a????es de responsabilidade social que ultrapassam a oferta de servi??os com qualidade ?? comunidade, assegurando que todo o processo de trabalho seja feito de forma socialmente respons??vel. Este programa gera emprego e renda para aproximadamente 50 fam??lias em todo o estado, com projeto de amplia????o para outras regi??es