Arvostelut / Recensioner

Mika Hallila: Puolikuvassa suomalainen romaani (Vesa Haapala & Juhani Sipilä (toim.): Kiviaholinna. Suomalainen romaani.) - Outi Oja: Uusi perusjohdatus kirjallisuuden analyysiin (Aino Mäkikalli ja Liisa Steinby (toim.): Johdatus kirjallisuusanalyysiin.) - Siru Kainulainen: Modernismin runsaudensarvi (Tuula Hökkä: Tuoksuville vuorille. Naisrunoilijoiden poetiikkaa, modernismeja.) - Åsa Arping: Spännande metaberättelse om seglivade myter inom Södergran-forskningen (Agneta Rahikainen: Poeten och hennes apostlar. En biomytografisk analys av Edith Södergranbilden.) - Elina Arminen: Maanaisen tanssi (Toni Lahtinen: Maan höyryävässä sylissä. Luonto, ihminen ja yhteiskunta Timo K. Mukan tuotannossa.) - Anne-Marie Londen: Litterär flerspråkighet i fokus (Julia Tidigs: Att skriva sig över språkgränserna. Flerspråkighet i Jac. Ahrenbergs och Elmer Diktonius prosa.) - Sanna Karkulehto: Miten olla queer? (Mikko Carlson: Paikantuneita haluja. Seksuaalisuus ja tila Christer Kihlmanin tuotannossa.)

Tamanho ótimo da parcela experimental de abacaxizeiro 'Vitória'

No planejamento experimental, a parcela experimental é um fator determinante para o sucesso da pesquisa. Portanto, é necessário que o pesquisador defina adequadamente a constituição da parcela ou unidade experimental, no intuito de aumentar a eficiência do experimento e diminuir o erro experimental. Em decorrência da grande variabilidade no tamanho da parcela encontrada nos experimentos com abacaxizeiro, realizou-se uma pesquisa objetivando estimar o tamanho ótimo para parcelas experimentais, considerando diferentes características. Os dados utilizados para este trabalho foram coletados em 100 plantas de abacaxizeiro 'Vitória'. Foram coletados 100 frutos e 100 folhas "D" de plantas cultivadas na mesma área experimental e submetidas às mesmas práticas de cultivo. Foram avaliados nos frutos: o comprimento, o diâmetro e a massa. Na folha "D", foram avaliados o comprimento e a massa, além dos teores de N, P e K. As estimativas do tamanho da parcela foram baseadas nos métodos do modelo linear de resposta a platô e da curvatura máxima. O tamanho ótimo da parcela para a avaliação do abacaxizeiro 'Vitória' é de 15 a 20 unidades experimentais por parcela, para as características dos frutos e das folhas, pelo método do modelo linear de resposta a platô. Para a avaliação dos teores de N, P e K, 10 folhas representam o tamanho ótimo da parcela pelo método do modelo linear de resposta a platô. Por outro lado, o tamanho ótimo da parcela para avaliação dos frutos e das folhas do abacaxi 'Vitória' é de 1,7 a 2,8 unidades experimentais pelo método da curvatura máxima. Enquanto, para os teores de N, P e K, 3 a 5 unidades experimentais representam o tamanho ótimo da parcela pelo método da curvatura máxima.

Digitaaliset aineistot käytöön : haastattelussa professori Timo Honkela

Haastateltavana Timo Honkela.

Extração de metais (K, Mg, Ba, Ca, Cr, Mn, Li, Fe) de água produzida utilizando sistema microemulsionado

The produced water is a byproduct formed due to production of petroleum and carries with it a high amount of contaminants such as oil particles in suspension, organic compounds and metals. Thus, these latter pollutants are very difficult to treat because of its high solubility in water. The objective of this work is to use and evaluate a microemulsioned system to remove metals ( K , Mg , Ba , Ca , Cr , Mn , Li , Fe ) of synthetic produced water. For the extraction of metals, it was used a pseudoternary diagram containing the following phases: synthetic produced water as the aqueous phase (AP), hexane as organic phase (OP), and a cosurfactant/surfactant ratio equal to four (C/S = 4) as the third phase, where the OCS (saponified coconut oil) was used as surfactant and n-butanol as cosurfactant. The synthetic produced water was prepared in a bench scale and the region of interest in the diagram for the removal of metals was determined by experimental design called. Ten points located in the phase Winsor II were selected in an area with a large amount of water and small amounts of reagents. The samples were analyzed in atomic absorption spectrometer, and the results were evaluated through a statistical assesment, allowing the efficiency analysis of the effects and their interactions. The results showed percentages of extraction above 90% for the metals manganese, iron, chromium, calcium, barium and magnesium, and around 45% for metals lithium and potassium. The optimal point for the simultaneous removal of metals was calculated using statistical artifact multiple response function (MR). This calculation showed that the point of greatest extraction of metals occurs was the J point, with the composition [72% AP, 9% OP, 19% C/S], obtaining a global extraction percentage about 80%. Considering the aspects analyzed, the microemulsioned system has shown itself to be an effective alternative in the extraction of metals on synthetic produced water remediation

Adesp. fr. 700 K.-Sn. y "Andrómeda" de Eurípides

adesp. fr. 700 Kn.-Sn. podría proceder de Andrómeda de Eurípides y no de una Níobe. Los siguientes elementos de los frs. (a) y (b) pueden responder a lo que se conoce de la tragedia de Eurípides: (a) la semejanza con una estatua; (b) la novia de Hades; (c) el silencio del personaje; (d) la colaboración con las Moiras; (e) el contraste entre la fortuna regia y la desgracia y el sufrimiento de los padres. No es, por tanto, necesario modificar el texto recibido para eliminar μάγους πάγας y la referencia a las trampas mágicas en el v. 5, que cuadra bien con Medusa y Perseo.

Extração de metais (K, Mg, Ba, Ca, Cr, Mn, Li, Fe) de água produzida utilizando sistema microemulsionado

The produced water is a byproduct formed due to production of petroleum and carries with it a high amount of contaminants such as oil particles in suspension, organic compounds and metals. Thus, these latter pollutants are very difficult to treat because of its high solubility in water. The objective of this work is to use and evaluate a microemulsioned system to remove metals ( K , Mg , Ba , Ca , Cr , Mn , Li , Fe ) of synthetic produced water. For the extraction of metals, it was used a pseudoternary diagram containing the following phases: synthetic produced water as the aqueous phase (AP), hexane as organic phase (OP), and a cosurfactant/surfactant ratio equal to four (C/S = 4) as the third phase, where the OCS (saponified coconut oil) was used as surfactant and n-butanol as cosurfactant. The synthetic produced water was prepared in a bench scale and the region of interest in the diagram for the removal of metals was determined by experimental design called. Ten points located in the phase Winsor II were selected in an area with a large amount of water and small amounts of reagents. The samples were analyzed in atomic absorption spectrometer, and the results were evaluated through a statistical assesment, allowing the efficiency analysis of the effects and their interactions. The results showed percentages of extraction above 90% for the metals manganese, iron, chromium, calcium, barium and magnesium, and around 45% for metals lithium and potassium. The optimal point for the simultaneous removal of metals was calculated using statistical artifact multiple response function (MR). This calculation showed that the point of greatest extraction of metals occurs was the J point, with the composition [72% AP, 9% OP, 19% C/S], obtaining a global extraction percentage about 80%. Considering the aspects analyzed, the microemulsioned system has shown itself to be an effective alternative in the extraction of metals on synthetic produced water remediation

Taurine Supplementation Increases K(atp) Channel Protein Content, Improving Ca2+ Handling And Insulin Secretion In Islets From Malnourished Mice Fed On A High-fat Diet.

Pancreatic β-cells are highly sensitive to suboptimal or excess nutrients, as occurs in protein-malnutrition and obesity. Taurine (Tau) improves insulin secretion in response to nutrients and depolarizing agents. Here, we assessed the expression and function of Cav and KATP channels in islets from malnourished mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) and supplemented with Tau. Weaned mice received a normal (C) or a low-protein diet (R) for 6 weeks. Half of each group were fed a HFD for 8 weeks without (CH, RH) or with 5% Tau since weaning (CHT, RHT). Isolated islets from R mice showed lower insulin release with glucose and depolarizing stimuli. In CH islets, insulin secretion was increased and this was associated with enhanced KATP inhibition and Cav activity. RH islets secreted less insulin at high K(+) concentration and showed enhanced KATP activity. Tau supplementation normalized K(+)-induced secretion and enhanced glucose-induced Ca(2+) influx in RHT islets. R islets presented lower Ca(2+) influx in response to tolbutamide, and higher protein content and activity of the Kir6.2 subunit of the KATP. Tau increased the protein content of the α1.2 subunit of the Cav channels and the SNARE proteins SNAP-25 and Synt-1 in CHT islets, whereas in RHT, Kir6.2 and Synt-1 proteins were increased. In conclusion, impaired islet function in R islets is related to higher content and activity of the KATP channels. Tau treatment enhanced RHT islet secretory capacity by improving the protein expression and inhibition of the KATP channels and enhancing Synt-1 islet content.

The Analgesic Effect Of Dipyrone In Peripheral Tissue Involves Two Different Mechanisms: Neuronal K(atp) Channel Opening And Cb(1) Receptor Activation.

Dipyrone (metamizole) is an analgesic pro-drug used to control moderate pain. It is metabolized in two major bioactive metabolites: 4-methylaminoantipyrine (4-MAA) and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AA). The aim of this study was to investigate the participation of peripheral CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors activation in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of dipyrone, 4-MAA or 4-AA. PGE2 (100ng/50µL/paw) was locally administered in the hindpaw of male Wistar rats, and the mechanical nociceptive threshold was quantified by electronic von Frey test, before and 3h after its injection. Dipyrone, 4-MAA or 4-AA was administered 30min before the von Frey test. The selective CB1 receptor antagonist AM251, CB2 receptor antagonist AM630, cGMP inhibitor ODQ or KATP channel blocker glibenclamide were administered 30min before dipyrone, 4-MAA or 4-AA. The antisense-ODN against CB1 receptor expression was intrathecally administered once a day during four consecutive days. PGE2-induced mechanical hyperalgesia was inhibited by dipyrone, 4-MAA, and 4-AA in a dose-response manner. AM251 or ODN anti-sense against neuronal CB1 receptor, but not AM630, reversed the anti-hyperalgesic effect mediated by 4-AA, but not by dipyrone or 4-MAA. On the other hand, the anti-hyperalgesic effect of dipyrone or 4-MAA was reversed by glibenclamide or ODQ. These results suggest that the activation of neuronal CB1, but not CB2 receptor, in peripheral tissue is involved in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of 4-aminoantipyrine. In addition, 4-methylaminoantipyrine mediates the anti-hyperalgesic effect by cGMP activation and KATP opening.

Fast And Direct Na And K Determination In Table, Marine, And Low-sodium Salts By X-ray Fluorescence And Chemometrics.

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a fast, low-cost, nondestructive, and truly multielement analytical technique. The objectives of this study are to quantify the amount of Na(+) and K(+) in samples of table salt (refined, marine, and light) and to compare three different methodologies of quantification using XRF. A fundamental parameter method revealed difficulties in quantifying accurately lighter elements (Z < 22). A univariate methodology based on peak area calibration is an attractive alternative, even though additional steps of data manipulation might consume some time. Quantifications were performed with good correlations for both Na (r = 0.974) and K (r = 0.992). A partial least-squares (PLS) regression method with five latent variables was very fast. Na(+) quantifications provided calibration errors lower than 16% and a correlation of 0.995. Of great concern was the observation of high Na(+) levels in low-sodium salts. The presented application may be performed in a fast and multielement fashion, in accordance with Green Chemistry specifications.

Vascularização arterial dos lobos torácicos do timo em fetos de suínos da Linhagem C40

As origens e distribuições das artérias que vascularizaram os lobos torácicos do timo foram estudadas em fetos de 30 suínos da linhagem C40, sendo 12 machos e 18 fêmeas. Os exemplares tiveram o sistema arterial preenchido com solução aquosa a 50% de Neoprene Látex corado e, em seguida, foram submetidos à fixação em solução aquosa a 10% de formaldeído. Os lobos torácicos do timo foram vascularizados por ramos diretos das artérias torácica interna direita (63,33%) e esquerda (53,33%), subclávia esquerda (3,33%), vertebral esquerda (3,33%), cervical superficial direita (3,33%) e esquerda (3,33%), carótida comum esquerda (3,33%), coronária direita (3,33%) e pelos troncos braquiocefálico (33,33%) e costocervical (3,33%). Observaram-se ainda os ramos indiretos das artérias torácica interna direita (70%) e esquerda (76,67%), subclávia esquerda (23,33%), cervical superficial esquerda (3,33%) e do arco aórtico (6,67%).

Irrigação do timo em aves da linhagem Paraíso Pedrês (Gallus gallus domesticus)

A vascularização arterial do timo (número, origem e ordenação) bem como a distribuição parenquimal dos ramos penetrantes foram estudadas em 40 aves da linhagem Paraíso Pedrês. Trinta aves foram injetadas com látex e dissecadas, enquanto 10 aves tiveram seus sistemas arteriais injetados com resina (metil metacrilato e mercox) para a preparação de moldes vasculares. A principal fonte de irrigação encontrada foi a associação dos ramos oriundos das artérias comuns do nervo vago, tireóideas e ingluviais, sendo que seus ramos penetravam o parênquima dos lobos, principalmente pelas suas extremidades cranial e caudal. A partir da penetração, os ramos tímicos apresentavam distribuição predominante para a periferia do lobo, formando uma trama capilar poligonal, com espaços irregulares, característica de um órgão linforreticular.