A coiled-coil-repeat protein 'Ccrp' in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus prevents cellular indentation, but is not essential for vibroid cell morphology

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus are small, vibroid, predatory bacteria that grow within the periplasmic space of a host Gram-negative bacterium. The intermediate-filament (IF)-like protein crescentin is a member of a broad class of IF-like, coiled-coil-repeat-proteins (CCRPs), discovered in Caulobacter crescentus, where it contributes to the vibroid cell shape. The B. bacteriovorus genome has a single ccrp gene encoding a protein with an unusually long, stutter-free, coiled-coil prediction; the inactivation of this did not alter the vibriod cell shape, but caused cell deformations, visualized as chiselled insets or dents, near the cell poles and a general 'creased' appearance, under the negative staining preparation used for electron microscopy, but not in unstained, frozen, hydrated cells. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus expressing 'teal' fluorescent protein (mTFP), as a C-terminal tag on the wild-type Ccrp protein, did not deform under negative staining, suggesting that the function was not impaired. Localization of fluorescent Ccrp-mTFP showed some bias to the cell poles, independent of the cytoskeleton, as demonstrated by the addition of the MreB-specific inhibitor A22. We suggest that the Ccrp protein in B. bacteriovorus contributes as an underlying scaffold, similar to that described for the CCRP protein FilP in Streptomyces coelicolor, preventing cellular indentation, but not contributing to the vibroid shape of the B. bacteriovorus cells.

Test, Edit, Repeat: Steps to Improve Your Web Site.

Presents ways to improve library Web sites. Description of the Hampshire College library Web site and how it is an integral part of the college's reference service; Usability analysis of Web sites; How to apply what librarians learn from usability analysis; Importance of testing; How to measure success. INSETS: Test Questions; Usability Guidelines.

Bottom sediment of the Western Baltic Sea - sheet Darß

The sheet "Darß" of the Western Baltic sediment distribution map displays several features of the late- and postglacial sediments in the area between 54°00? and 54°30? northern latitude and 12°00? and 13°00? eastern longitude on a scale of 1: 100,000. The main map shows the surface deposits in this area. Special attention is given to a detailed presentation of the granulometric characteristics of the sandy sedimens which are prevailing here. For this purpose a new way of visualization of grain size data was developed. Six insets provide information on water depth, positions of the sampling sites, areal distribution of median and sorting of sands, depth of the till surface thickness of the late- and postglacial sediments on top of the uppermost till and the bathymetry.

Ecuador, 1892 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carta geográfica del Ecuador, por Teodoro Wolf ; publicada por órden del supremo gobierno de la república y trabajada bajo las presidencias de los EE. señores D.J.M. Plácido Caamaño y D. Antonio Flores. It was published by Instituto geográfica de H. Wagner & E. Debes in 1892. Scale 1:445,000. Covers coastal Ecuador and portions of Colombia and Peru. Map in Spanish. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the South America Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, railroads, roads, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by shading and spot heights. Includes also insets: La region oriental del Ecuador -- Archipiélago de Galápagos, and table of altitudes of cities, villages and other inhabited spots, and, a table administrative divisions and subdivisions of Ecuador. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Coasts, Brazil, 1830 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Blachford & Co.'s new chart of the coast of Brazil : from the Equator to Rio Janeiro, drawn from the surveys made by order of the Portuguese government, including those of Jose Patriceo, Manoe Pimental & several other officers in the Royal Navy. It was published by R. Blachford & Co., chart sellers to the Admiralty, and East India Compny, etc., 115 Minories in 1830. Scale [ca. 1:1,700,000]. Covers a portion of coastal Brazil.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the South America Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows coastal features such as rocks, channels, points, ports, coves, islands, flats, bottom types, anchorage points, and more. Includes also selected land features such as towns, drainage, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Depths shown by soundings. Includes notes and insets: Harbor of Cape Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Harbor of Bahia, or St. Salvador, Fernand de Noronha, Bay of Maranham and Pernambuco. Decorated with 10 views of harbor entrances to Rio de Janeiro, Cape Frio, Bahia, etc.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Transvaal & Orange Free State Regions, South Africa, ca. 1899 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Bacon's large-print map of the Transvaal and Orange Free State. It was published by G.W. Bacon & Co. ca. 1899. Scale [ca. 1:1,900,000]. Covers also Swaziland, Lesotho, and portions of Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Sinusoidal projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial and administrative boundaries, roads, railroads, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by shading and spot heights. Includes also insets: "Map showing the routes from England and India to South Africa", "Environs of Cape Town", "Lorenço Marquez [and vicinity]", 'South Africa" and "Durban and Port Natal".This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Brookfield, North Brookfield, West Brookfield, & East Brookfield, Massachusetts, 1855 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the towns of Brookfield, North Brookfield, West Brookfield, Worcester County, Mass, surveyed & drawn by L. Fagan. It was published by Richard Clark in 1855. Scale [ca. 1:21,120]. Covers the towns of Brookfield, East Brookfield, North Brookfield, and West Brookfield, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001) coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), selected private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also town center insets and selected building illustrations.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea Region, ca. 1715 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of the West-Indies or the islands of America in the North Sea : with ye adjacent countries, explaning [sic] what belongs to Spain, England, France, Holland &c. also ye trade winds, and ye several tracts made by ye galeons and flota from place to place : according to ye newest and most exact observations, by Herman Moll, geographer. It was printed for Tho. Bowles in St. Pauls Church Yard and John Bowles at the Black Horse in Cornhill ca. 1715. Scale [ca. 1:4,300,000]. Covers the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea Region including parts of southern United States, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and northern South America.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the North American Lambert Conformal Conic coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also historical notes and insets.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Stockbridge and West Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 1855 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan of the towns of Stockbridge and West Stockbridge : Berkshire County, Massachusetts by E.M. Woodford. It was published by Richard Clark in 1855. Scale [ca. 1:15,700]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001) coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes also 3 insets and illustrations of some town buildings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Nice, France, 1879 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan pittoresque de Nice, par un touriste. It was published by Lith. J. Dalmet in 1879. Scale [ca. 1:7,353]. Covers Nice, France. Map in French.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 32N projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings (some shown pictorially), industry locations, docks and wharves, gardens, and more. Includes two insets: "Jardin d'Acclimatation de la Société d'Agriculture des Alpes-Maritimes" and "Nice à Villefranche, Saint Jean et Beaulieu"; and a view of the "Villa Chauvain à Villefranche".This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Majorca Island, Minorca Island, and Isla de Ibiza, Spain, ca. 1756 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carte des l'isles de Maiorque, Minorque et d'Yvice, gravée par Matthieu Seutter, Geographe de S.M. Imper. et Cathol. ; Tob. Conr. Lotter, sc. It was published by M. Seutter ca. 1756. Scale [ca. 1:560,000]. Covers Majorca Island, Minorca Island, and Isla de Ibiza, Spain. Map in French.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 31N projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, road, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Includes 2 insets, one showing the islands and the western part of the Mediterranean, and, "Plan du port et ville de Mahon, du Fort. St. Philippe et ses fortifications."This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Military Districts, England and Wales, United Kingdom, 1804 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A complete representation of the coast of England, together with the interior, divided into counties and military districts : also the coast of France and Holland from the Texel to Brest ... to which is annexed eighteen plans of the ports of the enemy, the principal depôts of the flotilla intended for the invasion of England, by John Luffman, Geogr. It was published by J. Luffman in 1804. Scale [ca. 1:2,500,000]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'British National Grid' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, administrative and military district boundaries, shoreline features including distances between selected ports, and more. Includes insets of foreign military installations and index to the military districts. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Winchester, England, 1809 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Ancient ichnography of the city of Winchester, Js. Cave delineavit ad mentem J. Milner. It was published by Jas. Robbins, March 1st, 1809. Scale [ca. 1:3,800].The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'British National Grid' coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, parks, and more. Includes 2 insets: Ichnography of the environs of Winchester, Ichnography of the Cathedral Church.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Shetland Islands, United Kingdom, Nautical Chart, 1788 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A new hydrographical survey of the islands of Shetland : with many improvements and additions, and the sailing directions, by Captn. Thomas Preston. It was printed for Robert Sayer, chartseller No. 63 Fleet Street 1st. Jany., 1788. Scale [ca. 1:419,830].The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the European Datum 1950, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 30N projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as rocks, channels, points, ports, coves, islands, anchorage points, and more. Includes also selected land features such as towns and villages, drainage, selected buildings, and more. Relief shown by hachures; depths shown by soundings. Includes also profile views, navigational notes, and insets: Directions for Valey Sound -- The Isles of Feroe. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.