determinismo; free will; psychology; science; profession

The discussion about the freewill and determinism con- troversy in human behavior is an old one in philosophy and psychology. Despite the fact that discussions on the topic are abundant, some of its implications seem to go unnoticed by psychologists, and especially by students of psychology. We argue that to the same extent that a psychologist is far from the determinism he imposes -a priori and unnecessary-constraints on the development of psychology as a science and profession. As a result, we suggest that the adoption of determinism as a wor- king hypothesis, is an important attitude for the transformation of psychology into a more effective science and profession.

Extension of funding and program assistance under the Compact of Free Association : hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, to receive testimony on negotiations on extension of funding and program assistance under the Compact of Free Association, December 6, 2001.

Shipping list no.: 2002-0182-P.

Anamnese e associação livre como estruturas dramatúrgicas na peça As folhas do cedro

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Target similarity effects: Support for the parallel distributed processing assumptions

Recent research has begun to provide support for the assumptions that memories are stored as a composite and are accessed in parallel (Tehan & Humphreys, 1998). New predictions derived from these assumptions and from the Chappell and Humphreys (1994) implementation of these assumptions were tested. In three experiments, subjects studied relatively short lists of words. Some of the Lists contained two similar targets (thief and theft) or two dissimilar targets (thief and steal) associated with the same cue (ROBBERY). AS predicted, target similarity affected performance in cued recall but not free association. Contrary to predictions, two spaced presentations of a target did not improve performance in free association. Two additional experiments confirmed and extended this finding. Several alternative explanations for the target similarity effect, which incorporate assumptions about separate representations and sequential search, are rejected. The importance of the finding that, in at least one implicit memory paradigm, repetition does not improve performance is also discussed.

O processo de composição narrativa no encontro terapêutico : (des)construindo autorias

Essa pesquisa procurou investigar o processo de composição narrativa pela dupla estagiário-terapeuta/paciente, em uma situação de psicoterapia psicanalítica, a partir do contexto de uma prática supervisionada de estágio em Psicologia Clínica. Participaram da pesquisa duas acadêmicas de Psicologia que realizaram o estágio em um abrigo municipal. O trabalho clínico desenvolvido pelas estagiárias foi acompanhado pela supervisão acadêmica, cuja responsável na época era a pesquisadora. Também participaram dessa pesquisa três meninas de seis, nove e dez anos de idade, acolhidas temporariamente na instituição e em acompanhamento psicoterapêutico pelas estagiárias. Os atendimentos foram realizados uma vez por semana, individualmente, na própria instituição. As estagiárias relataram cada entrevista preliminar realizada com as crianças sob a forma escrita de entrevista dialogada, cujo objetivo é a memorização do desenvolvimento da entrevista. Essa memorização associada às reflexões acerca do estágio produzidas no espaço de supervisão acadêmica formaram as fontes dos dados. Para atingir o objetivo dessa pesquisa, três estudos foram realizados e, em cada um deles, três casos, constituídos por diferentes duplas terapêuticas, foram analisados. Os resultados dos três estudos demonstram, inicialmente, que o discurso elaborado pelas duplas terapêuticas, em cada entrevista preliminar isoladamente, estrutura-se narrativamente porque esse discurso apresenta os dois princípios da narrativa, que são a sucessão e a transformação, como propõe Tzvetan Todorov. A análise conjunta dessas entrevistas denota, entretanto, que as narrativas constituídas nesse processo não podem ser reduzidas a uma lógica de sucessão linear como formula esse autor. A seqüência narrativa é regida pela lógica de causalidade semântica, que é de natureza polifônica, como propõe Paul Ricoeur. As intervenções das estagiárias sob a forma de construções, conforme conceito estabelecido por Freud, mesmo que guiadas pelo princípio da associação livre, são demarcadas, em sua maioria, pela repetição de uma versão já conhecida da história da vida de seu paciente, geralmente àquela que versa sobre o motivo do abrigamento. Assim, essas intervenções, cujo efeito possível seria que o paciente pudesse desconstruir os sentidos dados a priori, reconstruindo novas versões para os acontecimentos de sua vida e, com isso, ocupasse o lugar de autor de sua história, acabam insistindo no trauma. Dessa forma, fica explicitado um dos paradoxos do processo de formação da escuta clínica: o estagiário, ao procurar abrir os sentidos para o seu paciente, construindo junto com ele uma versão possível para a sua história, acaba, muitas vezes, fechando o sentido, construindo uma única versão para os eventos narrados pelo paciente.

Dimensões e universo das representações sociais de educação ambiental por discentes em Garanhuns-PE

The research aimed at investigating the dimensions and the universe of social representations of environmental education, as well as identifying the senses and meanings Environmental Education. This study admitted as presumption the education and environment dimensions. In this investigation was adopted as reference the dimension or representation scope of Moscovici. One hundred and twenty (120) students from Public Schools of Basic Education participated of this study and moreover three hundred and twenty-three (323) from Higher Education in the area of the UPE-FACETEG. The following questions were admitted: 1) What are the dimensions/categories that exist in the semantic scope of social representations of the environmental education? 2) What are the senses and meanings of environmental education? 3) The student s representations of Basic Education are similar or different from the Higher Education? The software EVOC helped in the organization of semantic scope for construction of the categories, with support of the contents analysis. The justifications are sorted on lexical classes using the software ALCESTE, through of the speech analyses. The free association of words answered the question dimension/categories and its semantic scope, being: a) Nature/Environment; b) values; c) Attitudes; d) Actions; e) Implications; f) Mediation. Six lexical classes were found with its meanings enumerated in this way: 1.Awareness, as a factor of belief for the preservation of nature and society. The students are clamoring for environmental education in the school, emphasizing the importance of awareness in the development of the respect to the environment linking the education and family; 2. The consciousness-knowledge relationship for the environment-nature preservation. 3. The environment and human interventions, in search of indicators of solutions. 4. Nature /background/ environment and its constituting elements, a thinking of values and an acting for mediation. 5. The human-nature interaction in social representations of environmental education and the symbolic-life size. 6. Nature / environment /, values, attitudes, actions, implications, and mediation in nature-man relationships. The groups more representatives according to these lexical classes were, the Basic Education in the class-4, represented exclusively by the Primary and Secondary Education and the class-6 represented by both two the Basic Education (47,37%) and the Higher Education (52,63%) - History, Pedagogy, Psychology, Mathematics, Language and Literature. The classes 4 and 6 are related to the class-3 which in turn is formed by students of Higher Education (Mathematics, Biology, Pedagogy, Psychology, Language and Literature) and Basic Education (Primary and Secondary Education). The Higher Education is most represented by the lexical classes (1, 2 and 5). The class 2 corresponded to 80% of the researched groups. In the class-1 the biggest representation was concerning to the Psychology, Geography, Biology and Language and Literature courses, whereas the class-5 was best represented by Psychology, Biology, Pedagogy, Language and Literature, Geography and History. From the results, one may conclude that the imagery is nature/environment; that life is the symbolic dimension that permeates the whole imaginary, and that preservation, awareness and respect are inserted in the speech that circulate to protect life

Gravidez tardia: bem-estar subjetivo e percepção da gestação

The subjective well- being (SWB) is formed by global judgments of satisfaction with life, or with peculiar domains the positive and the negative emotional experiences. The perception in turn, is the process of interpretive process of sensory data with cognitive or informative sense, absorbed in function of a context. From this perspective, the research aimed to evaluate SWB and the perception of advanced age pregnant women. Participated in the survey 80 pregnant with 35 years old or older (Group A or older) and 80 pregnant aged between 20 and 34 years old (Group B or young adults). The instruments used were: the scale of subjective well-being and a questionnaire, that included sociodemographic informations, items about pregnancy and a statement based on the Free Association of Words Technique (FAWT) to approach the perception of pregnancy. The data from the questionnaire and scale, in order to compare the data between groups suffered descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes. The analyzes performed with chi-square test among groups, which had values that were statistically significant, with the sociodemographic variables the type of contraceptive and health problems. The indicators of the SWB had further more by means in groups. The results of the Wilcoxon's test that there were no differences between the groups referred above. In the relation indicators of well being with variables age, education and income, some associations were significant. In addition, the words derived from the (FAWT) were analyzed using the software Programmer s Permenttant l´Analyse des Evocation (EVOC2000) and categorized according to content analysis of Bardin in three thematic categories (positive and negative affects, perception of gestation and implications of pregnancy) discussed as a group, since most of words were common. The study highlights shown how similar were the presented data by pregnant women surveyed. It is supposed about this fact the similarity is related to the social context. The relevance of this study for the health care network is to help with proposals aimed at specific improvements to the public and the sector, beside demonstrate that advanced age pregnant women and young adulst in the researched context showed no differences in the most of the studied characteristics

Que voz na voz não ouvida?: Uma escuta psicanalítica a catadores de recicláveis

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Philosophy and psychology pamphlets

A collection of miscellaneous pamphlets.

The role of context in producing item interactions and false memories

Cued recall with an extralist cue poses a challenge for contemporary memory theory in that there is a need to explain how episodic and semantic information are combined. A parallel activation and intersection approach proposes one such means by assuming that an experimental cue will elicit its preexisting semantic network and a context cue will elicit a list memory. These 2 sources of information are then combined by focusing on information that is common to the 2 sources. Two key predictions of that approach are examined: (a) Combining semantic and episodic information can lead to item interactions and false memories, and (b) these effects are limited to memory tasks that involve an episodic context cue. Five experiments demonstrate such item interactions and false memories in cued recall but not in free association. Links are drawn between the use of context in this setting and in other settings.

A genetically informed study of the processes underlying the association between parental marital instability and offspring adjustment

Parental divorce is associated with problematic offspring adjustment, but the relation may be due to shared genetic or environmental factors. One way to test for these confounds is to study offspring of twins discordant for divorce. The current analyses used this design to separate the mechanisms responsible for the association between parental divorce, experienced either before or after the age of 16, and offspring well-being. The results were consistent with a causal role of divorce in earlier initiation of sexual intercourse and emotional difficulties, in addition to a greater probability of educational problems, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation. In contrast, the increased risk for cohabitation and earlier initiation of drug use was explained by selection factors, including genetic confounds.

A genetically informed study of the association between harsh punishment and offspring behavioral problems

Conclusions about the effects of harsh parenting on children have been limited by research designs that cannot control for genetic or shared environmental confounds. The present study used a sample of children of twins and a hierarchical linear modeling statistical approach to analyze the consequences of varying levels of punishment while controlling for many confounding influences. The sample of 887 twin pairs and 2,554 children came from the Australian Twin Registry. Although corporal punishment per se did not have significant associations with negative childhood outcomes, harsher forms of physical punishment did appear to have specific and significant effects. The observed association between harsh physical punishment and negative outcomes in children survived a relatively rigorous test of its causal status, thereby increasing the authors' conviction that harsh physical punishment is a serious risk factor for children.

Gobierno empresarial: etnografía de un proyecto de cultura organizacional en la Cía. Aceros Ltda

La presente investigación analiza las dinámicas y relaciones sociales de la implementación de un estudio de cultura organizacional en un escenario etnográfico concreto. El propósito del presente trabajo, es analizar el estudio de la cultura organizacional como una técnica de gobierno con unas prácticas específicas, negociadas, consensuadas y establecidas en el marco de la participación de los empleados en el estudio realizado por la empresa.

Ex combatientes y proceso de reintegración: representaciones sociales de un grupo estudiantes del área de la salud

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir las representaciones sociales de un grupo de estudiantes del área de la salud frente a los excombatientes de grupos armados al margen de la ley en Colombia y frente a los procesos de reintegración. El estudio es cualitativo, desde un enfoque procesual de la teoría de las representaciones sociales, participaron estudiantes del área de la salud de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Bogotá. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un ejercicio de asociación libre para conocer el componente semántico de las representaciones y una entrevista semiestructurada de forma individual con el fin de identificar las dimensiones de información, actitud y campo representacional. Se encontró la prevalencia de prejuicios hacia los excombatientes y la influencia de los medios de comunicación en el nivel y calidad de la información sobre estos objetos de representación, y se identificó una ambigüedad frente al proceso de reintegración; lo que de alguna forma sugiere las dificultades para la inclusión de este grupo a la sociedad, la presencia de una discriminación negativa y las bajas expectativas frente a procesos de cambio en el marco del proceso de paz.

Transferencia em jogo : considerações psicanaliticas sobre o 'inter-dito' em pedagogia do esporte

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física