Planejamento do meio físico a partir de uma abordagem da técnica de capacidade de uso da terra na sub-bacia dso Rio das Pedras - Itatinga - SP

The study aimed mapping of the land use capacity classes for the Rio das Pedras watershed, Itatinga-SP in order to provide another mechanism of environmental planning for the studied area. It was used 1:10,000 topographic letters for the slope map generation which was overlaid with the studied area soil map. It was applied the judgment table criteria method, for generation of land use capacity map of the studied area. It were identified the following results: First, class III with constraints in relation of low fertility and restrictions about erosion risks on high slope areas. Second, class VI with the same characteristics of class III however with the presence of an aggravating factor of sand texture in all horizons, resulting in high risks of erosion events, especially in high slopes areas, and contamination by pollutants due the high soil permeability. Conclusions: It was verified that the more critical regions for land use capacity classes were VIs and mainly VIes class. The last one has more high relief areas and the presence of Neossolo Quartzarenico soil, with a big erosion propensity. The land use capacity map allow making different decisions for each region of the watershed respecting their individual characteristics.

Study on dynamic system optimum assignment to establish marginal time equilibrium

Several analytical methods for Dynamic System Optimum (DSO) assignment have been proposed but they are basically classified into two kinds. This chapter attempts to establish DSO by equilbrating the path dynamic marginal time (DMT). The authors analyze the path DMT for a single path with tandem bottlenecks and showed that the path DMT is not the simple summation of DMT associated with each bottleneck along the path. Next, the authors examined the DMT of several paths passing through a common bottleneck. It is shown that the externality at the bottleneck is shared by the paths in proportion to their demand from the current time until the queue vanishes. This share of the externality is caused by the departure rate shift under first in first out (FIFO) and the externality propagates to the downstream bottlenecks. However, the externalities propagates to the downstream are calculated out if downstream bottlenecks exist. Therefore, the authors concluded that the path DMT can be evaluated without considering the propagation of the externalities, but just as in the evaluation of the path DMT for a single path passing through a series of bottlenecks between the origin and destination. Based on the DMT analysis, the authors finally proposed a heuristic solution algorithm and verified it by comparing the numerical solution with the analytical one.

Efecto de fuentes y dosis de abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de la habichuela (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), componentes químicos y la reacción del suelo

El objeto del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes fuentes y dosis de abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de la Habichuela Phaseolus Vulgaris l. S. v. Green Crop y los componentes químicos del suelo. Se realizaron dos ciclos de siembra: el primero se sembró el 19 de septiembre y se cosecho el 13 de noviembre, el segundo se sembró el 1 de Noviembre y se cosecho el 16 de Diciembre, El diseño que se uso fue el de Bloque completo al Azar, con 4 repeticiones, con unidades experimentales de 1.60 m2, con dos surcos de 0.80 cm de distancia y una distancia de 0.10 m entre planas. Los tratamientos estudiados fueron; cascarilla de Arroz, compost, Estiercol Bobvina y pulpa de café, cada uno de dosis de 15,30 y45 ton/ con dso testigos: un fertilizante químico fórmula completa 12-24-12 a razón de 129.52kg/ha y 64.76 kg/ha de urea 46 porciento aplicando al momento de la siembre como testigo relativo, y otro sin aplicaciones de fertilizante como testigo absoluto. Los análisis estadísticos revelaron para el primer ciclo una clara tendencia del cultivo a responder positivamente al estiércol bovino a dosis de 45 ton/ha. Sobre el rendimiento los datos no arrojaron resultados muy concluyentes por el severo déficit hídrico sufrido por el cultivo. Para el segundo ciclo el análisis estadístico de los resultados muestran clara tendencia de la habichuela a responder positivamente en su comportamiento agronómico a la fuente orgánica pulpa de café a nivel de 30 y 45 ton/ha: en cuanto a rendimiento, la fuente Cascarilla de3 Arroz 30 ton/ha influenciado por una marcada reducción foliar obtuvo el mayor rendimiento con 2545.31 kg/ha superado en 25 porciento la fertilización mineral y en 44 porciento al testigo absoluto. Al realizar el análisis económico, para el primer ciclo el tratamiento de mayor beneficio económico fue al Estiércol Bovino 45ton/ha para el segundo ciclo, ningún tratamiento supero económicamente a la fertilización mineral.

Distribution Network Voltage Support Using Sensitivity-based Dispatch of Distributed Generation

This paper is concerned with the voltage and reactive power issues surrounding the connection of Distributed Generation (DG) on the low-voltage (LV) distribution network. The presented system-wide voltage control algorithm consists of three stages. Firstly available reactive power reserves are utilized. Then, if required, DG active power output is curtailed. Finally, curtailment of non-critical site demand is considered. The control methodology is tested on a variant of the 13-bus IEEE Node Radial Distribution Test Feeder. The presented control algorithm demonstrated that the distribution system operator (DSO) can maintain voltage levels within a desired statutory range by dispatching reactive power from DG or network devices. The practical application of the control strategy is discussed.

A regulatory framework for short-term stochastic maintenance outage scheduling in smart grids

The current regulatory framework for maintenance outage scheduling in distribution systems needs revision to face the challenges of future smart grids. In the smart grid context, generation units and the system operator perform new roles with different objectives, and an efficient coordination between them becomes necessary. In this paper, the distribution system operator (DSO) of a microgrid receives the proposals for shortterm (ST) planned outages from the generation and transmission side, and has to decide the final outage plans, which is mandatory for the members to follow. The framework is based on a coordination procedure between the DSO and other market players. This paper undertakes the challenge of optimization problem in a smart grid where the operator faces with uncertainty. The results show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed regulatory framework in the modified IEEE 34- bus test system.

Coordination between mid-term maintenance outage decisions and short-term security-constrained scheduling in smart distribution systems

Distribution systems are the first volunteers experiencing the benefits of smart grids. The smart grid concept impacts the internal legislation and standards in grid-connected and isolated distribution systems. Demand side management, the main feature of smart grids, acquires clear meaning in low voltage distribution systems. In these networks, various coordination procedures are required between domestic, commercial and industrial consumers, producers and the system operator. Obviously, the technical basis for bidirectional communication is the prerequisite of developing such a coordination procedure. The main coordination is required when the operator tries to dispatch the producers according to their own preferences without neglecting its inherent responsibility. Maintenance decisions are first determined by generating companies, and then the operator has to check and probably modify them for final approval. In this paper the generation scheduling from the viewpoint of a distribution system operator (DSO) is formulated. The traditional task of the DSO is securing network reliability and quality. The effectiveness of the proposed method is assessed by applying it to a 6-bus and 9-bus distribution system.

Évaluation de la régulation de l'oxygénation dans les capillaires de la tête du nerf optique suivant un effort physique dynamique

Il est généralement accepté que les lits vasculaires oculaires auraient la faculté d’autoréguler leur apport sanguin afin de contrebalancer les variations de pression de perfusion oculaire (PPO). Plusieurs études ont tenté d’évaluer ce mécanisme en mesurant les effets d’une variation de la PPO - induite par un exercice ou par une augmentation de la pression intra-oculaire (PIO) à l’aide d’une suction sclérale - sur le débit sanguin oculaire (DSO). Or, les méthodes de mesure du DSO utilisées jusqu'à maintenant présentent de nombreux désavantages et limites, ce qui rend difficile leur usage clinique. De récents développements dans le domaine des investigations non-invasives des paramètres sanguins oculaires proposent un modèle capable de mesurer en temps réel la concentration en oxygène, un autre paramètre important du métabolisme rétinien. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, ce nouveau modèle est utilisé afin de mesurer les effets d’un effort physique dynamique sur la concentration d’oxygène dans les capillaires de la tête du nerf optique (COTNO) de sujets jeunes et en santé. Six jeunes hommes non fumeurs ont participé à l’étude. L’effort physique dynamique consistait en une séance de bicyclette stationnaire de 15 minutes menant à une augmentation du pouls à 160 battements par minute. La COTNO était mesurée avant et immédiatement après la séance d’exercice. La pression artérielle (PA) et la PIO étaient mesurées ponctuellement alors que le pouls et la saturation sanguine en oxygène (SpO2) au niveau digital étaient mesurés tout au long de l’expérience. L’effort physique a entrainé une réduction de la PIO chez tous les sujets, une réduction de la COTNO chez tous les sujets sauf un tandis que la SpO2 demeura constante chez tous les sujets. Une corrélation quadratique entre les variations de la PIO et de la COTNO a pu être notée. Ces résultats suggèrent une corrélation directe entre les variations de la COTNO et celles de la PPO et de la PA. Les résultats de la présente étude suggèrent que les variations de la COTNO chez un sujet en santé suite à un effort physique dynamique pourraient représenter sa capacité à compenser un tel effort. De plus, les changements métaboliques sanguins induits par l’effort physique dynamique pourraient représenter une cause commune aux variations de la PIO et de la COTNO.

Propuesta de descentralización de los procesos del área de créditos y cobranzas de dos empresas en fusión

El trabajo realizado en esta tesis tiene como objeto principal establecer una propuesta de mejora en el proceso de cobranzas de dos empresas en proceso de fusión con la descentralización de los procesos que se encuentran radicados en Perú, logrando que el área de créditos y cobranzas tenga autonomía y capacidad de tomar sus propias decisiones de acuerdo a las características del mercado local. Uno de los objetivos del trabajo es mejorar la gestión de cobranzas para mantener un óptimo indicador DSO, lo que mostrara que la cartera se esta recuperando en menor tiempo; tomando en cuenta el modelo de negocio que se adopte y el tipo de mercado al cual se ingrese con el nuevo portafolio de productos. La propuesta que se expone trata la unificación de los procesos de cobranzas, mediante la búsqueda de sinergias entre los procesos o la adopción de una mejor alternativa de acuerdo al enfoque de la empresa en el mercado. La idea principal es alinearse a un proceso que se adapte al entorno de ambas compañías; posteriormente de acuerdo al nuevo modelo adoptado se propondrá la obtención de autonomía en las decisiones de crédito, analizando la propuesta de descentralizar algunos procesos del área de créditos y cobranzas, para que las desiciones sean tomadas localmente con un conocimiento más amplio del mercado local y evaluando el comportamiento de los clientes, para brindar un soporte más eficiente para el área de ventas.

Molecular analysis of the PROP1 and HESX1 genes in patients with septo-optic dysplasia and/or pituitary hormone deficiency

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os genes PROP1 e HESX1 em um grupo de pacientes com displasia septo-óptica (DSO) e deficiência hormonal hipofisária (combinada - DHHC; ou deficiência isolada de GH - DGH). Onze pacientes com apresentação clínica e bioquímica consistente com DHHC, DGH ou DSO foram avaliados. SUBJECTS and METHODS: em todos os pacientes, o gene HESX1 foi analisado pelo sequenciamento direto e, nos casos de DHHC, o gene PROP1 foi também sequenciado. RESULTADOS: Um polimorfismo no gene HESX1 (1772 A > G; N125S) foi identificado em um paciente com DSO. Foram encontrados três pacientes portadores da variação alélica 27 T > C; A9A e 59 A > G; N20S no éxon 1 do gene PROP1. Mutações no gene PROP1 e HESX1 não foram identificadas nesses pacientes com DGH, DHHC e DSO esporádicos. CONCLUSÃO: Alterações genéticas em um ou diversos outros genes ou mecanismos não genéticos devem estar implicados nesse processo patogênico.

Estudo clínico e molecular de pacientes com displasia septo-ótica ou deficiência hormonal hipofisária (gene HESX1 e PROP1)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Plataforma de simulação computacional paralela com base nos conceitos de relógios lógicos e tempo virtual

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Localização automática de pontos de controle em imagens aéreas baseada em cenas terrestres verticais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Analysis of generalized interictal discharges using quantitative EEG

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Molecular analysis of the PROP1 and HESX1 genes in patients with septo-optic dysplasia and/ or pituitary hormone deficiency

Objective: The present study aimed at evaluating the PROP1 and HESX1 genes in a group of patients with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and pituitary hormone deficiency (combined – CPHD; isolated GH deficiency – GHD). Eleven patients with a clinical and biochemical presentation consistent with CPHD, GHD or SOD were evaluated. Subjects and methods: In all patients, the HESX1 gene was analyzed by direct sequence analysis and in cases of CPHD the PROP1 gene was also sequenced. Results: A polymorphism (1772 A > G; N125S) was identified in a patient with SOD. We found three patients carrying the allelic variants 27 T > C; A9A and 59 A > G; N20S in exon 1 of the PROP1 gene. Mutations in the PROP1 and HESX1 genes were not identified in these patients with sporadic GHD, CPHD and SOD. Conclusion: Genetic alterations in one or several other genes, or non-genetic mechanisms, must be implicated in the pathogenic process.

Stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of foraminifera from Holocene sediments of the North Atlantic

The Denmark Strait Overflow (DSO) today compensates for the northward flowing Norwegian and Irminger branches of the North Atlantic Current that drive the Nordic heat pump. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), ice sheets constricted the Denmark Strait aperture in addition to ice eustatic/isostatic effects which reduced its depth (today ~630 m) by ~130 m. These factors, combined with a reduced north-south density gradient of the water-masses, are expected to have restricted or even reversed the LGM DSO intensity. To better constrain these boundary conditions, we present a first reconstruction of the glacial DSO, using four new and four published epibenthic and planktic stable-isotope records from sites to the north and south of the Denmark Strait. The spatial and temporal distribution of epibenthic delta18O and delta13C maxima reveals a north-south density gradient at intermediate water depths from sigma0 ~28.7 to 28.4/28.1 and suggests that dense and highly ventilated water was convected in the Nordic Seas during the LGM. However, extremely high epibenthic delta13C values on top of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge document a further convection cell of Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water to the south of Iceland, which, however, was marked by much lower density (sigma0 ~28.1). The north-south gradient of water density possibly implied that the glacial DSO was directed to the south like today and fed Glacial North Atlantic Deep Water that has underthrusted the Glacial North Atlantic Intermediate Water in the Irminger Basin.