987 resultados para Carne de porco - Industria
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE
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Headcheese is a meat sausage originated from Europe made from hog slaughter by-products. It is a much appreciated product in the South of Brazil which is increasingly established in the market, however it does not have official regulations yet. This study aimed to present the physicochemical characterization of headcheese in a western Santa Catarina industry supervised by Companhia Integrada de Desenvolvimento Agrícola de Santa Catarina and assess 10 different brands to find the relationship between chemical composition and texture profile analysis (TPA). Thus, the chemical composition, energy value, total nitrite, lipid oxidation and physical parameters (color and texture) were evaluated. The product exhibited great variability in moisture content, lipid and protein because the different formulations, processing and intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of raw material. The utilization of offal provided higher cholesterol and iron levels, and the high content of collagen was accountable for the shear force responses (7.84 ± 1.68 N). The product showed higher amount of sodium, due to the use of additives, but calcium levels were compatible with other sausages. There was a predominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids ratio was more favorable than other sausage in the same category. Nitrite assured preservation effects and thus lower product levels of oxidation were observed. The high Water Activity and pH 6.5 showed that the product is susceptible to growth of pathogens and requires cooling for preservation. Its brownish occurred due to cooking and production of metmyoglobin. There was a strong positive correlation between collagen and attributes of TPA, especially for chewiness (r = 0.855). The use of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis were able to separate three groups based on the amount of collagen and texture attributes, especially hardness, gumminess and chewiness.
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The ractopamine is a β-adrenergic agonist used as a divider of energy in diets for finishing pigs. However, research shows that this additive may effect on welfare and meat quality. In this context, the aim was to evaluate the influence in three levels of inclusion of ractopamine (0, 5 and 10ppm) in commercial pigs diet (castrated, males and females, n = 340) for 28 days pre-slaughter on the welfare and meat quality. The wellbeing was assessed by the behavior of animals, number of skin damages, carcass damages and physiological stress (lactate, cortisol and creatinine phosphokinase). The evaluation of meat quality was performed by analyzing pH, color, drip and cooking loss, shear force and marbling of the longissimus dorsi muscle of 90 selected pigs. There was no influence of treatments on the behavior, the total number of skin damages and carcass damages or concentration of cortisol and lactate. However, levels of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK) increased in pigs supplemented with ractopamine. This shows that, somehow, this additive led to physiological changes in animals that consumed it. PH and drip loss did not change by the addition of ractopamine in the diet. In contrast, the Longissimus dorsi of pigs that received ractopamine presented less intense red color and no difference was found in L* and b*. The inclusion of ractopamine in the diet reduced the degree of marbling, cooking loss and tenderness of the muscle. Supplementation did not lead to behavioral change, increased incidence of injury, plasma cortisol and lactate and minimal impact on meat quality. However, there was evidence that the animals fed the additive suffered physiological changes
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Com o constante aumento da população crescem também as preocupações diárias relativamente à alimentação. Assim, o aumento da produção alimentar tornou-se uma prioridade, começando a oferta no mercado a ser cada vez maior e mais competitiva. Não obstante, a indústria volta-se não só para a segurança dos alimentos que produz – que é já uma base obrigatória – mas também para o constante desenvolvimento da qualidade alimentar. Novas técnicas são desenvolvidas muito rapidamente de maneira a que os produtos alimentares, para além de seguros, sejam também munidos da qualidade exigida pelo consumidor. Cada vez mais o cliente exige da indústria nada menos que o melhor em termos de segurança e qualidade alimentar. De maneira a continuarem no mercado, as indústrias alimentares voltam-se cada vez mais para os laboratórios académicos, que aliam conhecimento, interesse e experiência com as necessidades apresentadas pelos consumidores. É notória também a dificuldade sentida por recém-licenciados em integrar empresas e conseguir uma primeira oportunidade, na sua maioria por alegada falta de experiência na área, tendo sido este o principal motivo da opção pelo estágio em exclusão da oportunidade de poder ser explorada uma ideia própria. Desta forma, a presente dissertação teve como base a necessidade de entender o que atualmente se faz no meio académico em relação à qualidade alimentar. Os projetos apresentados neste trabalho envolvem o tratamento de peito de frango em alta-pressão a diferentes temperaturas, tendo sido feito um tratamento semelhante com clara de ovo, a análise de ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA) e composição em ácidos gordos em carne de porco congelada, em diferentes momentos, a análise da composição química de desperdícios de atum e ainda a criação de um novo produto alimentar (truta salmonada fumada).
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El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación desarrollada como proyecto de grado para optar el título de Magister en Dirección en la cual se identifican los impactos que en materia ambiental son generados a lo largo de los procesos realizados dentro de los frigoríficos en Colombia y evaluar la manera como se realiza la gestión ambiental de los frigoríficos cárnicos más representativos en Colombia, como parte de esta gestión es importante revisar la política de Estado y finalmente, se proponen algunas acciones de tipo directivo en las cuáles todos los actores de la cadena cárnica pueden participar con el objetivo de mejorar el tema ambiental de éstas organizaciones en Colombia.
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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The pig slaughter process involve different steps that can influence the microbiological quality of carcasses. At this, the understanding of the slaughter process on the microbiological aspects is necessary for the implementation and evaluation of critical control points. The microbiological control of the slaughter process should involve the evaluation of pathogens prevalence and levels of quality and hygiene indicator microorganisms. This study aimed at investigating the influence of steps slaughter process on the microbiological levels of pig carcasses, and evaluate if there is correlation between pathogens (Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes) and indicators (aerobic mesophilic counts, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae) microorganisms. A high Salmonella soroprevalence in pigs were founded before the slaughter (57.49 %). While the Salmonella prevalence in carcasses at the initial stage of the slaughter was 26.67 % and in the final stage 1.11 %, L. monocytogenes was detected only in the final washing and cooling steps, with a prevalence of 21.11 and 8.89 %, respectively. The aerobic mesophilic counts, Enterobacteriaceae, total coliforms and E. coli levels in initial steps of slaughter process were 4.25 ± 0.37; 1.25 ± 0.38; 1.10 ± 0.35 and 0.86 ± 0.36, respectively. At the end of slaughter process the results were lower (ranging from 0.16 at 2.70 log CFU/cm2). The step that most reduced microbiological levels was the scalding. The dehairing was a critical step that led to a significant increase of microorganisms levels in the process (p < 0.05). The evisceration not proved to be a critical step on the increase of microbial levels, differently of the final washing, which showed significant increases (p < 0.05) over the levels of aerobic counts, total coliforms, E. coli and enterobacterias (0.30; 0.36; 0.27 and 0.42 log respectively) and Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes. The chilling contributes significantly to the reduction of microbiological levels of carcasses, bringing them to levels below the all process stages, with the exception of scalding. No correlation between the hygiene indicator microorganisms used and presence of Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were obtained (p < 0.05). The results show that steps in the process are critical to the sanitary profile, which implies the need to implement actions in the process to reducing the microbiological levels.
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Tesis (Médico Veterinario). -- Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Programa de Medicina Veterinaria, 2014
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Incluye Bibliografía
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Incluye Bibliografía