Historian Herbert Strauss with CDU Mayor of West Berlin, Richard von Weizsacher.

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O estudo do lobby no legislativo - o caso de sucesso da CDU-CD

Este estudo visa a expor o caso de sucesso da construção da legislação urbanística federal brasileira por meio do lobby e da participação política de entidades representativas na Comissão de Desenvolvimento Urbano da Câmara dos Deputados.

La CDU en la Ense??anza Secundaria : actividades multimedia

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Análisis de la política social del gobierno de Helmut Kohl miembro del Partido Unión Cristiano-Demócrata (CDU)

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo sustentar la hipótesis que, debido a la división que sufrió Alemania durante cuarenta y cinco años, hizo que la derecha asumiera, desde hace décadas, una política social híbrida, adecuada para tener respuestas a los desafíos del socialismo y la socialdemocracia en materia política y económica. Para ello, desde años antes de la reunificación, el partido Unión Cristiano-Demócrata (CDU) dirigido por Helmut Kohl, se constituyó en clara opción social y redistributiva que ha marcado el paso de Alemania hasta el presente. A los partidos de la orientación de derecha se les ha acusado de descuidar los aspectos sociales del manejo del Estado debido a que, por su tendencia conservadora, han sido asociados con el predominio de la libertad individual y el mantenimiento del orden sobre el igualitarismo. Adicionalmente se les concibe a favor del statu quo, adverso a los cambios bruscos o radicales; por estos motivos el presente trabajo se centra en el análisis de la política social del gobierno de Helmut Kohl, (1982-1998), miembro del partido Unión Cristiano-Demócrata (CDU) porque, a pesar ser un partido de centro derecha, en su gobierno buscó un equilibrio entre una economía de mercado y el Estado Social de Derecho

Modernisation in small steps? Comparing the organisational reforms of the British Conservative Party and the German CDU

Research on political parties has long identified “environmental” pressures upon parties to undertake organisational and programmatic reforms – this applies in particular to “catch-all” parties or Volksparteien. Changed social and media structures, the decline of organisations traditionally associated with the parties, and the growth in alternative possibilities of political participation create significant organisational – as well as programmatic – challenges. This paper compares the German CDU and the British Conservatives in two respects: in particular it focuses on their organisational responses to the election defeats they suffered at the end of the 1990s, examining those reforms which took place and consider whether these match the expectations of organisational reforms anticipated by proponents of the “cartel party thesis”. While in both cases there are similarities, but (in particular in the German case) it is important not to understate the extent of internal party resistance to reform, and thus the difficulties with which aspiring party reformers are confronted. This conclusion suggests, more broadly, that in reality the process of party change is more than an almost automatic, isomorphic, and inevitable response to a changing environment. Rather it is punctuated, messy, and often contingent on events and agents.

Introduction:understanding the transformation of the CDU

This article introduces the special issue on the transformation of German Christian Democracy and sets the context for organisational and policy change in the CDU. As a starting point, it identifies both contemporary challenges to the CDU, locating its discussion within the wider literature on European Christian Democracy, and considers the extent to which these apply to the German case. It then outlines the key dimensions of the contemporary CDU which are examined in this collection. © 2013 Association for the Study of German Politics.

Understanding the transformation of Germany's CDU

This book analyses the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU), one of Europe’s most successful and influential political parties. The CDU might have been expected to struggle in the circumstances of a more diverse, secular reunified Germany, yet it has prospered to an extent almost unparalleled in western Europe. Chapters consider the CDU’s policies (the factors driving them, their variation across Germany, the relationship to women, and the welfare state), its organisational development and change, and its position within the party system. Contributors particularly emphasise the diversity of the CDU, and the way it varies across Germany’s regions. The CDU is compared to other Christian Democratic parties, and special consideration is given to the CDU’s Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU). This book was published as a special issue of German Politics.

Modernisierung in kleinen Schritten? Die Reformen der Parteiorganisation der British Conservative Party und der deutschen CDU im Vergleich

Seit den frühen und wichtigen Arbeiten von Maurice Duverger (1954) und Robert Michels (1962) besteht ein großes Forschungsinteresse an der Entwicklung von Parteiorganisationen und deren Wandel. Darin spiegeln sich die erheblichen Konsequenzen, die sich aus den jeweiligen Organisationsformen der politischen Parteien ergeben, wider.

Societal transformation and programmatic change in the CDU

This article places the changing policy profile of the CDU into the context of the gradual transformation of German society since the 1970s and especially since unification in 1990. It argues that in order to understand key areas where the CDU has reformed its programme, we must first understand the broader, meta-level trends in society. In its main section, the article sketches out the long-term changes that have occurred in three principal areas (demographics, labour market outcomes and the economic status and the role of women), and relates these to debates that have taken place in the CDU's programmatic profile. The article therefore concludes that consideration of the societal context complements agency-based explanations for programmatic change. © 2013 Association for the Study of German Politics.

The CDU and party organisational change

This article undertakes an empirical analysis of the internal organisation of the CDU along four key dimensions. First, it discusses the model of the 'cartel party', identifying its key features and then setting out four key questions to pose in relation to the CDU's internal organisation, to see whether it approximates to the 'cartel' paradigm. The questions of whether a centralisation of power is visible; whether professionalisation has occurred; whether there has been the anticipated weakening in the power of party functionaries; and whether the CDU has become reliant upon state finances are then answered in the empirical section of the article, drawing upon the author's primary research. It concludes that the 'cartel party' thesis fails in significant respects accurately to reflect the CDU's modern organisation. This is of interest to scholars of the CDU, but also offers some insights on the way in which the cartel party thesis fails adequately to develop an accurate account of internal party organisational change, in particular underestimating the ability of internal actors to thwart reforms, and also the potential functional usefulness of a decentralised party organisation. © 2013 Association for the Study of German Politics.

LINGUAGENS DOCUMENTÁRIAS E OS SISTEMAS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA: ESTUDO DE PROPOSTAS DE EXPANSÃO E AMPLIAÇÃO DA CDD E DA CDU

As linguagens documentárias, com o intuito de facilitar o acesso ao documento por parte do usuário, configuram-se em um complexo sistema de representação do conhecimento. Entretanto, com a constante expansão dos vários ramos do saber e, por conseguinte, de suas publicações, surge a necessidade de desenvolver notações para classificar novos temas ou simplesmente melhorar a representação quanto a sua especificidade. Diante deste fenômeno, o presente artigo visa fazer um levantamento e uma análise de propostas de expansão da Classificação Decimal Universal e da Classificação Decimal de Dewey, com o fito de demonstrar não só a viabilidade da ampliação de quaisquer classificações previamente existentes, mas, principalmente, de manter atualizadas as classificações bibliográficas, cujo intuito é representar o conhecimento e, se este se modifica, é importante que as classificações sigam em paralelo. Para viabilizar o presente artigo, fez-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar e analisar propostas de expansão/atualização dos sistemas de classificação bibliográfica já existentes, mais precisamente as de Carvalho e Holanda (para a área do Direito), Tabosa e Cardoso (coelhos de raça) e Albuquerque (literatura popular e de cordel). Este trabalho não tem a pretensão de solucionar as possíveis vacâncias nas classificações bibliográficas, mas de sensibilizar o leitor para a importância da atualização contínua nessas representações, com o objetivo de manter o usuário em constante condição de localizar a informação de que precisa com maior facilidade, uma vez que a ciência e a sociedade estão em constante transformação, o que exige dos instrumentos e técnicas utilizados para representar informação flexibilidade e adaptabilidade.

Little theory, big plans : social capital and community building in Aboriginal Australia

The discourse surrounding recent Aboriginal social policy regularly refers to pragmatism and partnership. In a simpler world, we might call this ‘getting things done with Aboriginal people.’ To that extent, the discourse draws on an indisputable common sense, and it is not surprising that a variety of political agendas can be packaged within such language. While many things need to be done, the quantity and particularly the quality of social networks required to take effective policy into effective practice is something we ought to consider more carefully. This is where the concept of social capital could be useful, since it focuses attention on the social resources required to construct social policy, as well as the social resources that could be produced by effective social policy. Partnerships and pragmatism are therefore related at a most fundamental level in terms of social policy. We question whether this important conceptual bedrock has been fully explored. Hence we review here some recent ‘big plans’ for Aboriginal Australia, and ask whether the size of the theory matches the size of the plans.