Una testimonianza silenziosa.Storia della Chiesa cattolica in Tunisia dal Trattato del Bardo alla ‘rivoluzione dei gelsomini’

The work examines the change involving the Church in Tunisia from the period of the Protectorate to the present through the fundamental moments of independence (1956) and the signing of the ‘Modus vivendi’ (1964). In the first structure of the “modern” Church, a fundamental role was played by the complex figure of the French Cardinal Charles-Allemand Lavigerie who, while giving strong impulse to setting up disinterested charitable social initiatives by the congregations (Pères Blancs, Soeurs Blanches and others), also represented the ideal of the ‘evangelizing’ (as well as colonial) Church which, despite its declared will to avoid proselytism, almost inevitably tended to slip into it. During the French Protectorate (1881-1956) the ecclesiastic institution concentrated strongly on itself, with little heed for the sensitivity of its host population, and developed its activities as if it were in a European country. From the social standpoint, the Church was mostly involved in teaching, which followed the French model, and health facilities. In the Church only the Pères Blancs missionaries were sincerely committed to promoting awareness of the local context and dialogue with the Muslims. The Catholic clergy in the country linked its religious activity close to the policy of the Protectorate, in the hope of succeeding in returning to the ancient “greatness of the African Church”, as the Eucharistic Congress in Carthage in 1930 made quite clear. The Congress itself planted the first seed in the twentyfive- year struggle that led the Tunisian population to independence in 1956 and the founding of the Republic in 1957. The conquest of independence and the ‘Modus vivendi’ marked a profound change in the situation and led to an inversion of roles: the Catholic community was given the right to exist only on the condition that it should not interfere in Tunisian society. The political project of Bourguiba, who led the Republic from 1957 to 1987, aimed to create a strongly egalitarian society, with a separation between political and religious powers. In particular, in referring to the Church, he appeared as a secularist with no hostility towards the Catholics who were, however, considered as “cooperators”, welcome so long as they were willing to place their skills at the service of the construction of the state. So, in the catholic Community was a tension between the will of being on the side of the country and that of conserving a certain distance from it and not being an integral part of it. In this process of reflection, the role of the Second Vatican Council was fundamental: it spread the idea of a Church open to the world and the other religions, in particular to Islam: the teaching of the Council led the congregations present in the country to accept the new condition. This new Church that emerged from the Council saw some important events in the process of “living together”, of “cultural mixing” and the search for a common ground between different realities. The almost contemporary arrival of Arab bishops raised awareness among the Tunisians of the existence of Christian Arabs and, at the same time, the Catholic community began considering their faith in a different way. In the last twenty years the situation has continued to change. Side by side with the priests present for decades or even those born there, some new congregations have begun to operate, albeit in small numbers: they have certainly revitalized the community of the faithful, but they sometimes appear more devoted to service “within” the Church, than to services for the population, and are thus characterized by exterior manifestations of their religion. This sort of presence has made it possible for Bourguiba's successor, Ben Ali (president from 1987 to 2011), to practice forms of tolerance even more clearly, but always limited to formal relations; the Tunisians are still far from having a real understanding of the Catholic reality, with certain exceptions connected to relations on a personal and not structured plane, as was the case in the previous period. The arrival of a good number of young people from sub-Saharan Africa, most of all students, belonging to the JCAT, and personnel of the BAD has “Africanized” the Church in Tunisia and has brought about an increase in Christians' exterior manifestations; but this is a visibility that is not blatant but discreet, with the implicit risk of the Church continuing to be perceived as a sort of exterior body, alien to the country; nor can we say, lacking proper documentation, how it will be possible to build a bridge between different cultures through the “accompaniment” of Christian wives of Tunisians. Today, the Church is living in a country that has less and less need of it; its presence, in the schools and in health facilities, is extremely reduced. And also in other sectors of social commitment, such as care for the disabled, the number of clergymen involved is quite small. The ‘revolution’ in 2011 and the later developments up to the present have brought about another socio-political change, characterized by a climate of greater freedom, but with as yet undefinable contours. This change in the political climate will inevitable have consequences in Tunisia’s approach to religious and cultural minorities, but it is far too soon to discuss this on the historical and scientific planes.

Philosophie et imaginaire de la mort dans Bardo-Thödol, Le livre tibétain des morts : parcours de libération

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Sopesar el río a vasos de agua : (Reseña sobre) Dubin, Mariano (2011): Bardo. La Plata, PIXEL Editora, pp. 56

Fil: Tomassoni, Paula. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Sopesar el río a vasos de agua : (Reseña sobre) Dubin, Mariano (2011): Bardo. La Plata, PIXEL Editora, pp. 56

Fil: Tomassoni, Paula. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Sopesar el río a vasos de agua : (Reseña sobre) Dubin, Mariano (2011): Bardo. La Plata, PIXEL Editora, pp. 56

Fil: Tomassoni, Paula. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Album del bardo; colección de artículos en prosa y verso de varios autores.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Approach to Daesh in Tunisia: From Bardo to Ben Gardane, aYear of Terror

Starting from a descriptive analysis of the main attacks by Daesh in Tunisia, this article examines the nature and evolution of the terrorist organization in this North African country. Thus, it examines the characteristics and vicissitudes of the attack on the Bardo Museum in March 2015, the attack on the Susa beach in June 2015, the bombing of the Presidential Guard in November 2015 and, finally, the military offensive against the town of Ben Gardane in March 2016. In addition, it presents some previous facts that are relevant in this research, such as the important presence of Tunisian foreign fighters in Syria or Libya, and, in particular, the threat of Daesh in Libya to the Tunisian State

Un bardo en la cafetería (selección de poemas)

Contiene: 500 -- No entiendo -- Encuentro -- Resabio nadaísta -- Platónico y fugaz -- De guitarra tu cuerpo -- La luna, mi amiga y yo -- Desencanto.

Métodos espectronodais para cálculos de transporte de partículas neutras com fonte fixa na formulação de ordenadas discretas e multigrupo de energia

Um método espectronodal é desenvolvido para problemas de transporte de partículas neutras de fonte fixa, multigrupo de energia em geometria cartesiana na formulação de ordenadas discretas (SN). Para geometria unidimensional o método espectronodal multigrupo denomina-se método spectral Greens function (SGF) com o esquema de inversão nodal (NBI) que converge solução numérica para problemas SN multigrupo em geometria unidimensional, que são completamente livre de erros de truncamento espacial para ordem L de anisotropia de espalhamento desde que L < N. Para geometria X; Y o método espectronodal multigrupo baseia-se em integrações transversais das equações SN no interior dos nodos de discretização espacial, separadamente nas direções coordenadas x e y. Já que os termos de fuga transversal são aproximados por constantes, o método nodal resultante denomina-se SGF-constant nodal (SGF-CN), que é aplicado a problemas SN multigrupo de fonte fixa em geometria X; Y com espalhamento isotrópico. Resultados numéricos são apresentados para ilustrar a eficiência dos códigos SGF e SGF-CN e a precisão das soluções numéricas convergidas em cálculos de malha grossa.

La constitución de un estamento en la Alemania de entreguerras : estudio sobre la biografía del conde Stauffenberg 1907-1944.

La biografía del conde Stauffenberg y sus dos hermanos, escrita por Hoffmann, ha permitido, en este artículo, relacionar un proceso de psicología histórica como es la incorporación de la legitimidad política en la personalidad, y un proceso histórico de larga duración que es la constitución del Estado alemán. La legitimidad del estamento aristocrático que casi monopolizaba el alto funcionariado alemán entre 1871 y 1918 se constituía en la celebración ritual de la violencia y la muerte en la guerra. Por obra del ritual, el lenguaje político del Antigüo Régimen adquiría una significación abstracta que daba sentido a la muerte del individuo. En dicha biografía, los conceptos políticos desbordan la esfera propiamente políticia y constituyen a la muerte como 'horizonte de sentido' profundamente enraizado en la personalidad. La crisis biográfica sufrida por Stauffenberg y también por otros nobles alemanes tras la derrota en la primera guerra mundial pone de manifiesto que la legitimidad política no se encontraba entonces diferenciada en términos propiamente políticos, sino incorporada en un estamento aristocrático.

Permanência de Walflan de Queiroz: uma leitura da obra O Testamento de Jó

Este trabajo tiene como objeto de investigación literaria la obra: O testamento de Jo , lanzada en 1965, por Walflan de Queiroz. El poeta norte-río-grandense ilustra a través de un conjunto de poemas su experiencia religiosa y metafísica a partir de la desgracia sufrida por el personaje bíblico Jo, desarrollando una estética de la soledad, de la pobreza y de la marginalidad. Según Alter y Kermode (1997), la poesía de Jo es asombrosa en su fuerza e inventiva. Se pretende demostrar que las poesías de Walflan de Queiroz poseen dos corrientes definidas: si, por un parte, se vinculan al tema de Jo, mon doux Job , como él escribió en un poema; por otra, diseminan una postura amorosa. Con el objetivo de situar al autor y a su obra, se discuten el contexto histórico y la agitación cultural en Río Grande do Norte en la década de 1960. La lectura de O testamento de Jo nos llevó a realizar inicialmente una comparación de la poética walflaniana con textos bíblicos para la construcción de una atmósfera mística en el libro. Enseguida, el abordaje de los poemas amorosos que retratan la imagen femenina presente de forma platónica o bajo el velo de la mitología, de los mitos de Orfeu y Eurídice, retomados por el poeta. En Walflan de Queiroz, el amor no se concretiza. Y el bardo escribe como los románticos y los simbolistas

The role of superstructure material on the stress distribution in mandibular full-arch implant-supported fixed dentures. A CT-based 3D-FEA

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Meropis : América en los tiempos de Homero

Este libro es un desahogo de las inquietudes arqueológicas del Dr. Ricardo Suárez Salaverría a partir del trabajo minucioso realizado por el Dr. Emilio O. Forrer al cual llamo Texto original, el cual fue transformado en un documento en pro de la ciencia por su gran contenido histórico. El Texto original era difícil de comprender porque su autor escribió en su propio castellano la traducción literaria del alemán, su lengua madre. El Dr. Emilio O. Ferrer dice: “América homérica” he llamado a Meropis porque los eventos básicos tuvieron lugar en la edad de Homero; también porque fueron ellos, por su grandeza, los que le entusiasmaron e impulsaron a plasmarlos, en la Ilíada, en la Batrachomyomachia y también en la Odisea por cantar las hazañas de los griegos. Ellos son tan “homéricos”, que ciertamente encontrarán su bardo, después de que hayan recibido su base científica en esta investigación.