Currículo e arquitetura escolar: concepções de professoras e equipe gestora do Colégio Nossa Senhora das Neves-Natal-RN

The present study aims to investigate the conceptions of teachers and management team of the Colégio Nossa Senhora das Neves - Natal / RN about curriculum, school architecture and possible relationships established between these components. To develop the study, we rely on the theoretical contributions of Viñao Frago (2001), Escolano (2001); Benconstta (2005), among others, about the architecture school, and with regard to curriculum, ancoramo us in theoretical reflections Silva (2000, 2006, 2008). We assume that the school place is a social construct and as such, reflects the interests of certain groups, to organize, establish ways to condition their unctions and uses. In this space, people's lives is planned, both those who work there, as those who study there. Thus, the architecture school promotes, through representations, signs, symbols and shapes, certain charges that impact the ways of being and acting subjects by establishing appropriation and expropriation of rights and legitimate forms of inclusion and exclusion. Thus, it is an expression of power. A power that is expressed in the form of lead the way people should behave in a certain space. Clarity on these aspects of the architecture school is important, since in the same way that the opinion of several experts is important to discuss the adequacy of school architecture (environmentalists, architects, engineers, planners), the / the teacher / and the / as managers / must also meet the educational nature of the architecture school, so as to present its share of contribution in order to make the post-school conducive to learning multiple. From this perspective, we analyze the concepts of four teachers and eight individuals who are part of the management team of the CNSN, whose views were seized through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. The construction of the data indicated levels of conceptual curriculum varied, ranging from those rooted in traditional theories of curriculum as those regarding the curriculum tied to discursive and contextual aspects. The conceptions of architecture school, predominantly focused on the aspects of the architecture school materials and most established subject, differently, relations between curriculum and school architecture

Arquitetura escolar Infantil modulada e flexível

For many y ears, the federal government policy is to use project for in order to speed up the work for decreasing the elementary education deficit vacancy . In Natal municipality the schoolhouses for children, from 0 to 6 years of age are denom inated Muinicipality Centre for Elementary Education. The federal government provides capital for the news edifications by the program of government named PROINFÂNCIA. This program embraces three types of projects. Type “A” must be furnished by the interes ted municipality and approved by Education and Cultura Ministry. The type “B” is standard plan with capability to 120 schoolchildren in full - time or 240 in two turns and ground plot measuring 40 x 70m and the “type C” also a standart projects to 60 schoolc hildren in full - time or 120 in two turns and ground plot measuring 35 x 45m. Sometimes , due to scarcity of bigger ground plot s is the “type C” instead of “type B”, referring to offering vacancies. In this meaning, this study intend s to present the draft - project to elementary schoolhouse, modulated and flexible, emphasizing the children needs . Therefore, it was studied concept, school architecture, construction technology, reference study and visiting to MCEE Fernanda Jales (PROINFÂNC IA “tipo B”). However, the proposal synthesizes the draft - project by module, implanting in its totality or in parts, according to its necessity and lot cha racteristic.

Arquitectura: uma linguagem curricular na Escola da Criança

Este texto é um recorte de minha pesquisa de doutorado que teve como questão central: qual o significado da arquitetura escolar na constituição do currículo da educação infantil para os arquitetos, para os professores e para as crianças? Nosso objetivo foi desvelar a relação entre arquitetura e currículo, tomando como hipótese que tanto a arquitetura quanto o currículo não são neutros e podem estimular ou inibir a prática pedagógica das professoras na escola infantil. Para a elucidação dessa questão, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa etnográfica, especificamente em uma escola da cidade de Uberlândia (MG - Brasil). Realizamos, ainda, entrevistas com a equipe multidisciplinar (arquitetos, diretores, professores) da escola e uma pesquisa de campo com registros de observações da aula (Diários de Bordo) das professoras envolvidas na pesquisa. Na análise dos dados as categorias que nos auxiliaram na compreensão da nossa temática foram: espaço facilitador, espaço inibidor, espaço como promoção social, espaço promotor de autonomia, espaço como contato social e de privacidade. Pode-se concluir que a escola tem sua arquitetura construída para a Educação Infantil, o que possibilita diferentes atividades curriculares e concepções de infância no seu cotidiano e que a parceria entre a comunidade escolar e o arquiteto envolvido na construção é importante, como oportunidade de aprendizagem mútua sobre a otimização das relações entre arquitetura e currículo.

Padronização e flexibilidade: proposta de um edifício tipo para uma escola técnica profissionalizante

Nowadays the acquisition of sustainable elements and concepts in construction has been increasingly discussed, improved and incorporated to buildings, since the sector directly interferes in the urban space and environment, representing environmental impact. In order to make a sustainable building (Green Building) it is vital to incorporate less damaging constructive practice, starting from the project until the operation of the enterprise, that means to consider an integrated process of conception, implementation, construction and operation. The more effective sustainable principles participation in architecture happens at the projecting step through minimal environment impact solutions. Among the issues varieties that goes with sustainability proposal of the buildings project, there were added to this work the elements that are directly attached to bioclimatic architecture, more specifically the climate variation, ventilation, lighting and sunlight, that directly affect the project conception. It is important to put in evidence that architecture role goes far beyond the simple activity of building spaces; it is the sequence of political, economic, social and cultural elements, having the users as the main apparatus to its materialization. Thereby this professional dissertation consists of an architecture draft for a professional and technological school in the Rio Grande do Norte State, this dissertation is based on the analysis of previous experience and the bioclimatic principles that implicate in building on hot and dry, hot and humid climates, and the use of strategic solutions that aim the optimization of natural light and ventilation

Fotografias escolares: a leitura de imagens na história da escola primária

This research consists in photograph reading, more specifically, school photographs related to primary teaching in the city of Campinas, between 1897 and 1950. It is based on a heritage constituted of 55 images that analyzes four categories of photographs: school architecture, student classes, teaching body and school activities, these categories illustrate the discourse about school, human contexts and social relations revealed by those images. The text also focuses the iconography documentation relevance for History of Education research, specially, about educational institutions.

O estudo dos espaços escolares: balanço da investigação científica portuguesa (2005-2014)

O objetivo do capítulo é proceder ao balanço da produção científica portuguesa no período compreendido entre 2005 e 2014, no que ao estudo dos espaços escolares diz respeito. Dada a natureza do objeto de estudo, o propósito foi não ficar preso a uma história unidimensional; relevam-se, assim, olhares provenientes de diversas áreas do conhecimento (História da Educação, Arquitetura, História da Arte...). Paralelamente, indicam-se estudos de referência publicados no estrangeiro (tendências atuais da pesquisa) e lançam-se algumas pistas de investigação.

Simulação de desempenho luminoso para salas de aula em Natal-RN

The city of Natal has a significant daylight availability, although it use isn’t systematically explored in schools architecture. In this context, this research aims to determine procedures for the analysis of the daylight performance in school design in Natal-RN. The method of analysis is divided in Visible Sky Factor (VSF), simulating and analyzing the results. The annual variation of the daylight behavior requires the adoption of dynamic simulation as data procedure. The classrooms were modelled in SketchUp, simulated in Daysim program and the results were assessed by means of spreadsheets in Microsoft Excel. The classrooms dimensions are 7.20mx 7.20m, with windows-to-wall-ratio (WWR) of 20%, 40% and 50%, and with different shading devices, such as standard horizontal overhang, sloped overhang, standard horizontal overhang with side view protection, standard horizontal overhang with a dropped edge, standard horizontal overhang with three horizontal louvers, double standard horizontal overhang, double standard horizontal overhang with three horizontal louvers, plus the use of shelf light in half the models with WWR of 40% and 50%. The data was organized in spreadsheets, with two intervals of UDI: between 300lux and 2000 lux and between 300lux and 3000lux. The simulation was performed with the weather file of 2009 to the city of NatalRN. The graphical outputs are illuminance curves, isolines of UDI among 300lux and 2000 lux and tables with index of occurrences of glare and to an UDI among 300lux 3000lux. The best UDI300-2000lux performance was evidenced to: Phase 1 (models with WWR of 20%), Phase 2 (models with WWR of 40% and 50% with light shelf). The best UDI300-3000lux performance was evidenced to: Phase 1 (models with WWR of 20% and 40% with light shelf) and Phase 2 (models with WWR of 40% and 50% with light shelf). The outputs prove that the daylight quality mainly depends on the shading system efficacy to avoid the glare occurrence, which determines the daylight discomfort. The bioclimatic recommendations of big openings with partial shading (with an opening with direct sunlight) resulted in illuminances level higher than the acceptable upper threshold. The improvement of the shading system percentage (from 73% to 91%) in medium-size of openings (WWR 40% and 50%) reduced or eliminate the glare occurrence without compromising the daylight zone depth (7.20m). The passive zone was determined for classrooms with satisfactory daylight performance, it was calculated the daylight zone depth rule-of-thumb with the ratio between daylight zone depth and the height of the window for different size of openings. The ratio ranged from 1.54 to 2.57 for WWR of 20%, 40% and 50% respectively. There was a reduction or elimination of glare in the passive area with light shelf, or with awning window shading.

Padronização e flexibilidade: proposta de um edifício tipo para uma escola técnica profissionalizante

Nowadays the acquisition of sustainable elements and concepts in construction has been increasingly discussed, improved and incorporated to buildings, since the sector directly interferes in the urban space and environment, representing environmental impact. In order to make a sustainable building (Green Building) it is vital to incorporate less damaging constructive practice, starting from the project until the operation of the enterprise, that means to consider an integrated process of conception, implementation, construction and operation. The more effective sustainable principles participation in architecture happens at the projecting step through minimal environment impact solutions. Among the issues varieties that goes with sustainability proposal of the buildings project, there were added to this work the elements that are directly attached to bioclimatic architecture, more specifically the climate variation, ventilation, lighting and sunlight, that directly affect the project conception. It is important to put in evidence that architecture role goes far beyond the simple activity of building spaces; it is the sequence of political, economic, social and cultural elements, having the users as the main apparatus to its materialization. Thereby this professional dissertation consists of an architecture draft for a professional and technological school in the Rio Grande do Norte State, this dissertation is based on the analysis of previous experience and the bioclimatic principles that implicate in building on hot and dry, hot and humid climates, and the use of strategic solutions that aim the optimization of natural light and ventilation

Padronização e flexibilidade: proposta de um edifício tipo para uma escola técnica profissionalizante

Nowadays the acquisition of sustainable elements and concepts in construction has been increasingly discussed, improved and incorporated to buildings, since the sector directly interferes in the urban space and environment, representing environmental impact. In order to make a sustainable building (Green Building) it is vital to incorporate less damaging constructive practice, starting from the project until the operation of the enterprise, that means to consider an integrated process of conception, implementation, construction and operation. The more effective sustainable principles participation in architecture happens at the projecting step through minimal environment impact solutions. Among the issues varieties that goes with sustainability proposal of the buildings project, there were added to this work the elements that are directly attached to bioclimatic architecture, more specifically the climate variation, ventilation, lighting and sunlight, that directly affect the project conception. It is important to put in evidence that architecture role goes far beyond the simple activity of building spaces; it is the sequence of political, economic, social and cultural elements, having the users as the main apparatus to its materialization. Thereby this professional dissertation consists of an architecture draft for a professional and technological school in the Rio Grande do Norte State, this dissertation is based on the analysis of previous experience and the bioclimatic principles that implicate in building on hot and dry, hot and humid climates, and the use of strategic solutions that aim the optimization of natural light and ventilation

Arquitetura educacional: edifício escolar

O ensino básico elementar e complementar é um elemento primordial para o desenvolvimento humano (aluno) e é a fonte da sabedoria e da ampliação do conhecimento científico. Para desenvolvimento e crescimento populacional de um país é fundamental o investimento, ou ampliação da rede educacional. A falta do número suficiente das escolas e professores nos últimos anos tem sido a maior preocupação dos alunos e também do Ministério da Educação Nacional em Bissau, mas com a falta das condições financeiras e da coordenadoria dos projetos educacionais o País acaba de abarcar tais situações. A procura do ensino básico elementar e complementar (liceu) no interior do País foi e ainda é até hoje, uma das causas do êxodo rural. Antigamente o enquadramento dos filhos dos agricultores na escola era visto para os pais como o abandono da família principalmente nos trabalhos domésticos e do campo/lavora; devido a falta das escolas eles são obrigados de abandonar regiões deles a fim de procurar as escolas, ou seja, escola que atende os seus níveis escolares, mas hoje em dia com mentalidade diferente em relação ao passado todas as pessoas querem adquirir ensino, ou seja, a formação educacional. Com as experiências vividas ao longo do período em Guiné-Bissau nos últimos anos, a rede de ensino não cresce proporcionalmente em relação ao crescimento populacional, muitas das vezes as suas ampliações sempre foram feitas através de uma forma provisória e desconfortável aos seus usuários. Então a idéia da criação de um novo complexo, ou projeto do Edifício Escolar para a República da Guiné-Bissau ajudará futuramente para o desenvolvimento do País, isto é, se for implantados em Bissau e multiplicados no interior da Guiné-Bissau. O objetivo deste Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso foi desenvolver o projeto... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A utilização da biblioterapia em contexto de biblioteca escolar no apoio a crianças com perturbações físicas e emocionais : criação de um modelo aplicacional

Este trabalho de investigação resulta de uma preocupação pedagógica que nos acompanha, a de proporcionar aos alunos ambientes propiciadores de experiências vicárias, promotoras da autonomia pessoal, apoiadas na leitura e no diálogo interpretativo. Parte-se de uma exaustiva revisão de literatura sobre a história da Biblioterapia, a evolução do conceito e as suas potencialidades na promoção da inteligência emocional de crianças saudáveis e/ou portadoras de perturbações físicas ou emocionais e no desenvolvimento de mecanismos de coping2 e empowerment3 a mobilizar no enfrentamento das suas narrativas problemáticas, aproveitando os recursos biblioteconómicos, o espaço físico e o ambiente informal de aprendizagem na Biblioteca Escolar. A investigação realizada levou-nos a uma análise da arquitetura de diversos modelos de aplicação e, subsequentemente, a uma proposta de um modelo aplicacional, eclético, de matriz educacional, para implementação de programas de intervenção biblioterapêutica, em contexto de Biblioteca Escolar, explicativo das fases que concorrem para a sua corporeidade.

Arquitetura organizacional: âncora ou impulso para a modernização da gestão educacional

o objetivo do presente trabalho é discutir e refletir sobre se a modelagem organizacional que contém propostas para a promoção de mudança organizacional impulsiona-a ou ao contrário serve apenas de âncora estagnante do processo de mudança, utilizando-se para isso, de pesquisa empírica realizada na Secretaria Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro - (SMEIRJ), buscando-se através desse caso específico, discutir o tema na área de gestão educacional. Assim, pretende-se verificar se a influência de modelos formais de estruturação do sistema de ensino e de enfoques e ênfases adotados em sua gestão apresentam soluções sobre o que se tem, endemicamente, denominado de fracasso escolar . Pode-se constatar, a partir do presente trabalho, que o novo modelo organizacional e de gestão em processo de implantação na SME/RJ ainda não transformou a Secretaria em espaço aberto no sentido de que o cidadão, o aluno, o professor, o funcionário, a escola e a comunidade se mesclem com inteira liberdade aos atores centrais da organização que, a despeito de alguns avanços, está consciente de que resta muito a realizar. Preservou as velhas estruturas burocráticas e de poder que dominam esse processo, a despeito do racional e lógico modelo desenvolvido pela SME/RJ, a partir de 1993, que procura valorizar o profissional do ensino, promover a descentralização administração de forma a garantir maior flexibilidade e propiciar uma gestão participativa.

Práticas sócio-ambientais no espaço escolar: uma reflexão sobre a percepção dos usuários de duas escolas do ensino fundamental em João Pessoa, Paraíba

In the social-historical moment we live in, it is each time more evident the necessity of the people to learn to deal with the environment in conscientious way, taking care of themselves properly through it. In this direction, considering the school as a place where children, young and adolescents spend great part of their time, this work had as objective to examine the perception of school environment for students, professors and employees of two schools in João Pessoa city - Centro Estadual Experimental de Ensino-Aprendizagem Sesquicentenário and Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio Presidente Emílio Garrastazu Médici (Experimental State Center of Learning-teaching Sesquicentenário and Basic and High State School Education Emilio Garrastazu Médici President). From the presupposed that the environments in which and with which people live reflect their daily practices, the field work searched to identify the social-environmental practices that characterize the relation of these users with the school and, from this understanding, to infer some of their concerns regarding the environment as a whole. To analyze the use of the available physical space in the two institutions it was opted the use of the After-Occupation Evaluation, one of the approaches that feed the process of building production or built set, rescuing aspects related to its use, operation and maintenance. Besides analyzing diverse school environments (such as classroom circulations/accesses, library, pedagogical and sportive spaces) in relation to the environmental comfort and the perceptions of the main users of the schools (pupils, professors and employees), the dissertation tried to inquire the care (ambient education) of these users with the school space. In general, it was verified that the two schools have evaluations and perceptions really different for four reasons: (i) management of the schools; (ii) the users perception; (III) localization of schools and (IV) feeling of place, territoriality and appropriation

Um espaço pioneiro de modernidade educacional: Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo -Natal/RN -1908-13

Cette recherche a pour but d analyser l Ecole Augusto Severo, située dans la ville de Natal dont la construction date de 1907,étant le premier établissement d enseignement primaire à l état du Rio Grande do Norte, pendant le processus de restructuration de l enseignement républicain. On cherche à comprendre la représentation de ce milieu scolaire, comme équipement urbain, dans le processus de modernisation de la ville et comme modèle éducationnel pour l état entre 1908 et 1913. En se servant des études historiographes sur le processus de modernisation de quelques villes brésiliennes et des innovations de l enseignement public primaire au pays, à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et pendant la première décennie du vingtième siècle, comme source pour mieux saisir le contexte général et spécifique. On reconstitue les aspects économiques, sociaux et politiques déterminants des interventions publiques réalisées dans cette ville par les gouvernements républicains ayant comme obectif la construction d une ville embellie,hygiénique et civilisée. Située au quartier Ribeira, principal scénario de la modernité de Natal, l Ecole Augusto Severo est mise em relief comme symbole de civilité du paysage urbain de l époque pour le citoyen du Rio Grande do Norte. Elle disposait de services d énergie et d un tram électrique. Il y avait devant, un grand lac arborisé et une station ferroviaire. A côté, il y avait le théâtre Carlos Gomes (actuellement Alberto Maranhão). Par suíte de son imposante architecture, raffiné style éclectique,on reflète l idéal républicain des elites locales, avec une conception d espace symbolique et éducative de surveillance et contrôle, caractéristiques de l école graduée républicaine

Acessibilidade no ambiente escolar: reflexões com base no estudo de duas escolas municipais de Natal-RN

This work was originated through the results of the analysis of the services for the needs of people with disabilities that were permitted by the physical space of two schools of the municipality of Natal/RN. The general objective/goal was to subsidize the elaboration of alternatives for the planning of environments that could be used by any person. The study used the empirical research through the adoption of a multimethod approach including: (i) technical visits oriented by the NBR 9050, (ii) contact with users that have reduced mobility (visually impaired and wheelchair or crutch users) through escorted travels and interviews, and (iii) interview with school managers. The evidence from the research, even though with significant development of laws that guarantee people with disabilities their right to citizenship, the physical environment of our schools still present with many obstacles that prevent the mobility of people with disabilities which proves their lack of readiness to accommodate them. Therefore, the actions taken to address the accessibility has been the adoption of temporary solutions that makes the adaptation more difficult, adds obstacles and reinforces the undesirable segregation, however still very present in our society. Finally, there is the indication that in order to achieve the spatial configuration that promotes social contact and integration in between the persons with different physical status, it is necessary to completely comprehend the activities developed in each space, from the conception of the equipment to the individual learning needs, having in mind creating environments that stimulates the execution of the tasks in an independent manner without the assistance of others. The inclusion regarding attention to accessibility in the decision making process, directed to the arquitectural and urban project, would decrease the constant need to redevelop and adapt spaces, and should be definitely incorporated as an important component in the production of space