834 resultados para Amêndoa lopa. Extratos. Atividade antioxidante. Morte celular. Apoptose


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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The use of pesticides in Brazil has intensified over the years. And since 2009 it was ranked as the largest market for pesticides worldwide. The consequential diffuse contamination of the environment is therefore due to the increasing number of chemicals of different classes, origins and modes of action. Little is known about the action of pesticides on human health in situations of co-exposure. Possible toxic effects are not restricted to agricultural and industrial workers, but also the general population that may be exposed continuously to its residues in food and water. Although these pesticides are mostly present in the environment at low doses, it must be considered that possible cumulative or synergistic effects may occur when there are concurrent or sustained exposure for two or more of these agents, which can lead to late manifestation of subclinical damages, sometimes irreversible. Thus, the specific objective of this study was to assess the effect of carcinogenesis promotion of a mixture of pesticides at low doses and analyze the phenomena of cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat liver. A total of 50 male Lewis rats was separated into 5 groups for 8 weeks in a medium term hepatocarcinogenesis model. The three different classes of pesticides (dieldrin, dicofol, endosulfan, dichlorvos and permethrin), whose residues were detected by ANVISA during the period from 2001 to 2005 in tomatoes cultures, were added to the feed of rats initiated to hepatocarcinogenesis with diethylnitrosamine (DEN- 200mg/kg ip). We used two different mixtures, one with no toxic effects at doses (MEX1) referring to the NOEL (no-observed-effect level) and another at doses LOEL / LEL / LOAEL (Lowest-observed-effect level / Lowest-effect level / Lowest -observed-adverse-effect level), to the installation of adverse effects (MEX2), derived from chronic studies. All animals ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Ecteinascidina 743 (ET-743) é uma nova droga isolada de um tunicado marinho, a Ecteinascidia turbinata, que está na fase III dos estudos clínicos por sua marcada atividade anticâncer. Apesar de seu mecanismo de ação não estar completamente elucidado, tem sido demonstrado que a ET-743 se liga ao DNA formando adutos covalentes com o N2 da guanina. Além disso, a ET-743 tem sido relatada como potente inibidora da transcrição. No presente estudo, utilizou-se como modelo para a investigação dos efeitos antiproliferativos deste composto a linhagem celular derivada de glioblastoma humano, U-251 MG. Uma vez que o foco principal de atenção nos estudos sobre o mecanismo de ação da ET-743 esteja concentrado em suas interações com o DNA, a autora buscou avaliar outros aspectos de sua atividade antiproliferativa, quais sejam, o seu efeito sobre a distribuição das células no ciclo celular, sobre a atividade de enzimas associadas ao processo de apoptose, bem como sobre o conteúdo celular da proteína Hsp70. Em incubações de 0,5 nM por 48 h, a ET-743 causou um significante acúmulo das células na fase G2M do ciclo celular, o mesmo ocorrendo com doses mais elevadas (1,0 e 1,5) e incubações mais prolongadas (72 h). A ET-743 induziu morte celular dose-dependente e este efeito foi significativamente prevenido pelo inibidor de caspases z-VAD-fmk. Contudo, não foi observado aumento significativo nos níveis de Hsp70 após tratamento com ET-743. Considerando que alta expressão de Hsp70 é um dos principais mecanismos de proteção das células em condições de estresse, incluindo-se o tratamento com drogas citotóxicas, a não elevação de seus níveis na presença da ET-374 pode estar, ao menos em parte, relacionada à citotoxicidade produzida por este agente na linhagem estudada.

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Cancer is a term used to represent a set of more than 100 diseases, including malignant tumors from different locations. The malignancies are the second leading cause of death in the population, representing approximately 17% of deaths of known cause. Strategies that induce differentiation have had limited success in the treatment of established cancers. In this work, a lectin purified from the marine sponge Cinachyrella apion (CaL) was evaluated due to its hemolytic, cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties, besides the ability to induce cell death via apoptosis in tumor cells. The antiproliferative activity of CaL was tested against cell lines, with the highest inhibition of tumor growth for HeLa, reducing cell growth at a dose dependent manner, with a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The hemolytic activity and toxicity against peripheral blood cells were tested using the concentration of IC50 for both trials and twice the IC50 for analysis in flow cytometry, indicating that CaL is not toxic to these cells. To assess the mechanism of cell death caused by CaL in HeLa cells, we performed flow cytometry and western blotting. The results showed the lectin probably induces cell death by apoptosis activation by pro-apoptotic protein Bax, promoting mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, cell cycle arrest in S phase, with accumulation of cells of approximately 57% in this phase, and acting as both dependent and/or independent of caspases pathway. These results suggest that CaL has the potential to be used as drug treatment against cancer.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Ciência de Alimentos - IBILCE

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Evidências crescentes na literatura têm sugerido papel importante para os fatores ambientais, como a exposição a pesticidas, na patogênese da doença de Parkinson. Em animais experimentais, a exposição à rotenona, um pesticida e piscicida de uso comum, induz características de parkinsonismo através da inibição do complexo I mitocondrial. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a morte de neurônios induzida por rotenona utilizando culturas primárias mistas neurônio/glia derivadas de hipocampo e de mesencéfalo ventral de ratos, bem como o papel do Ca2+ na neste modelo experimental e a utilização de extrato aquoso de folhas de mogno com substâncias com alto poder antioxidante. A perda neuronal foi analisada com ensaios colorimétricos (MTT e LDH). Nossos resultados mostraram significativa redução na viabilidade celular após exposição à rotenona de maneira dependente de concentração, mas não dependente de tempo. Foi observada igual e elevada suscetibilidade em culturas mistas neurônio/glia derivadas de hipocampo e de mesencéfalo ventral ao agente neurotóxico. Em termos mecanicísticos, nossos resultados mostraram um papel discreto desempenhado pelo Ca2+ mitocondrial na neurodegeneração induzida por rotenona. Além disso, neste paradigma utilizado, verificamos que o extrato aquoso de folhas de mogno não promoveu proteção contra a toxicidade da rotenona, na concentração testada; ainda, promoveu efeito sinérgico em associação com rotenona. Verificou-se ainda que a rotenona, bem como o extrato de mogno promoveu indução de morte celular tanto por necrose quanto por apoptose, nas concentrações utilizadas. Os resultados deste estudo devem avançar nosso conhecimento sobre o mecanismo de ação de fatores ambientais na patogênese da doença de Parkinson.

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Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

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Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death selectively removes abnormal cells, and thus contributes to maintaining the balance of the dynamics of cell reproduction. Therefore the verification of the occurrence of apoptotic cell death after a pathological stimulus is crucial for the analysis of the maintenance of normal cell cycle of a given tissue or organ. In this experiment were used cells lines human mammary tumor MDAMB231, T47, MCF7, which were irradiated with X-rays at a dose of 5 Gy in a time interval of 15 seconds, and filtration of 1mm aluminum. Samples containing the cells were grown in a specific culture medium, containing fetal bovine serum and growth factor, and two samples were prepared with each of the cell lines, one to be irradiated, and another that has not been irradiated, which denoted by negative control of the irradiation. The primary goal of the experiment was to verify and compare the rates of apoptosis in each cell lines, in which were irradiated and that were not irradiated, using flow cytometry as a method for detecting apoptotic cell death in together with specific markers annexin V and propidium iodide. Data from the readings made by flow cytometry were analyzed and interpreted using the software WinMDI statistical graph. By comparing the indices relating to the readings of positive and negative for specific markers of apoptosis, based on differences in the statistical data presented lectures regarding the cellular irradiated and not irradiated, collude cells in question once... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

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Cancer is a term used to represent a set of more than 100 diseases, including malignant tumors from different locations. The malignancies are the second leading cause of death in the population, representing approximately 17% of deaths of known cause. Strategies that induce differentiation have had limited success in the treatment of established cancers. In this work, a lectin purified from the marine sponge Cinachyrella apion (CaL) was evaluated due to its hemolytic, cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties, besides the ability to induce cell death via apoptosis in tumor cells. The antiproliferative activity of CaL was tested against cell lines, with the highest inhibition of tumor growth for HeLa, reducing cell growth at a dose dependent manner, with a concentration of 10 μg/mL. The hemolytic activity and toxicity against peripheral blood cells were tested using the concentration of IC50 for both trials and twice the IC50 for analysis in flow cytometry, indicating that CaL is not toxic to these cells. To assess the mechanism of cell death caused by CaL in HeLa cells, we performed flow cytometry and western blotting. The results showed the lectin probably induces cell death by apoptosis activation by pro-apoptotic protein Bax, promoting mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, cell cycle arrest in S phase, with accumulation of cells of approximately 57% in this phase, and acting as both dependent and/or independent of caspases pathway. These results suggest that CaL has the potential to be used as drug treatment against cancer.