Ideologias Contemporâneas: Atores Hegemônicos e Banalização Política - Estudos em Zygmunt Bauman

Estudar a pós-modernidade é sempre tarefa delicada devido aos muitos desdobramentos que um único tema pode tornar possível. Zygmunt Bauman nos abre a possibilidade de analisar o cerne da questão e, partindo dele, encontrar os motivos da crise global da contemporaneidade. Com isso, analisando tanto os atores hegemônicos como a banalização geral, podemos compreender muitos fatores essenciais sobre os meandros da atual crise de consciência e da razão humana, males que atingem diretamente o ser humano em sua identidade cotidiana.

Turismo, capital social e produção do espaço: uma leitura a partir do município de Natal/RN no período de 1980 a 2012

Nowadays, there is a tourism phase in the city of Natal/RN called internationalization of tourism , which shows a tourism model with a planning and an administration, based on the needs of the visitors. Such process shows that the production as well as the reproduction of the city spaces with the goal of favor tourism excludes of its composition the effective participation of local subjects. Thus, the research is a result of the perception of tourism as an activity with a meaningful power of transformation of the social and natural space taking into account the low participation of the residents in the decisions of the tourism activities in the city of Natal/RN. Despite that reality, it is possible to note Natal that civil society, starts to mobilize its citizens trying to develop collective actions to low the negative impacts caused by the bad planning as wells not efficient tourism administration, trying to put in action the right of the local population to take part in the decisions of the city activities. Having this panorama as background, this paper aims at investigating in which way the mobilizing action of the social capital in Natal has contributed to change the spatial production which is part of the process of expansion of tourism in Natal/RN? The research presents a temporal picture which starts in the year of 1980, when occurs the first effective state intervention aiming to develop tourism in the capital, taking into account an analysis of 2012. Concerning the spatial picture, the research investigates the beaches of Natal which concentrates criteria and actions such as: visitation, tourism appeal and focus of investments, highlighting the following beaches: Ponta Negra, Areia Preta, Praia dos Artistas, Praia do Meio, Praia do Forte and Redinha. This study is of a descriptive and exploratory nature concerning its goals. With respect to the treatment of its object it is a qualitative research. The data was collected through structural interviews, with open questions. Regarding the methodological choices, it was used the content analysis proposed as well as the collective discursive subject methodology. The results show that there´s not yet in Natal a meaningful social capital related to tourism, capable to change the spatial production related to the activity. It should be stressed that Natal social capital presents difficulties concerning the incentive to trust, spontaneous cooperation and the civic participation, which are the foundation for the development of an effective social capital, which makes it harder for a more expressive articulation in the reality in Natal/RN. It should be stressed, as an answer to the research questions, that tourism in Natal/RN is represented by social and spatial segregation. In other words it emphasizes mainly the action of hegemonic agents (State and market), leaving little room for the participation of society. It can be noticed that the actions related to tourism in Natal keeps the popular participation out of the way. Thus, it can be said that the social capital in Natal/RN does not yet contribute to a more fair spatial production related to the expansion of the tourism as well as the well being of the population of Natal/RN. In conclusion, it should be taken into account that this participation do exists but not in a meaningful way. In other words, it´s not enough yet to cause meaningful changes in the actions which tourism needs nowadays in Natal/RN

Os farofeiros em excursão nas lagoas de Arituba, Boágua e Carcará (Nísia Floresta/RN): análise de uma outra face do turismo potiguar

This thesis analyzes another side of Potiguar tourism , the unplanned side, neglected and kept out of touristic activities: excursionism, a leisure practice enjoyed by tourists with low consumer power, and who are commonly referred by the pejorative term farofeiros (picnic lovers). The geographic research sites considered for this study include Arituba, Boágua and Carcará lakes in Nísia Florest, Rio Grande do Norte, where on Sundays and holidays the arrival of hundreds of excursionists, from around the metropolitan region of Natal, from surrounding municipalities, and neighboring States, such as Paraíba and Pernambuco, can be observed. The objective of this study is to analyze the appropriation of the physical site by the practice of excursionism, focusing on its relation to other social agents that also appropriate a designated touristic area. The theoretical discussion considers the use of the space by the touristic leisure practice and the appropriation by distinct social agents, using categories of analysis, such as, production of the space, territory and leisure. The field work was completed with interviews and questionnaires administered to excursionists, excursion organizers, local merchants, representatives of the public setor from the municipalities, and professional dune buggy drivers; besides this, photos, informal dialogue and field observations were important methodological instruments used. From the data, statistical analysis and the development of thematic maps demonstrating the established flux between excursionists and the segregated activity were done. With this research, one can affirm that the practice of excursionism is neglected by the public sector, contrary to the intention of the hegemonic agent‟s intentionality present in this touristic territory which aim at the development of a lucrative activity, geared toward tourists with greater spending power. This ignored and neglected faction of Potiguar tourism is considered poor or dirty , and generate conflicts among the distinct social agents: tourists, the market and the public sector, simultaneously peaking interest, which is then appropriated by the informal sector and formal economy. Excursionism is an expressive phenomenon, a socially relevant practice, enjoyed by citizens of the working class who, in order to have a day of leisure, use alternative consumer practices and subvert various strategies of segregation that are imposed within these tourist areas, behavior that, in part, justifies the nickname, picnic lovers , given to these tourists

Uso corporativo do território e turismo no Rio Grande do Norte

Tourism has in recent years a significant growth in the economy, bringing repercussions on use of the territory. Hence the importance of discussing how the activity has been planned by public authorities and business, important actor in this process. Our objective is to analyze the corporative use of the territory Norte-Rio-Grandense by tourism, based on the renewal of geographical thought in Milton Santos and other authors coherent theory. Although planning is seen as a practice that incorporates various scientifics contributions is undeniable eminently geographical base, as it comes to relationshipsand process in the territory. The project Parque das Dunas/Via Costeira driving the development of tourism in Natal as to its construction, the city had a quality hotel infrastructure capable of receiving a greater number of tourists. One of the guiding instruments of state planning in accordance with the Federal Government is the Planejamento Pluri-Anual - PPA, which has the discourse territory, but establishes sectoral actions, which included tourism with the allocation of resources. In addition to receiving funds Prodetur I and II, since the early 1990s, these resources from the BIRD and other lines of funding available through federal financial institutions. Thus the sectoral action planning is disintegrated, while the territorial planning makes us think the whole moving and complexity Our data policies and public and private investments, we proved that the action of companies in line with the state, favors the hegemonic agents, or the corporative use of the territory Norte-Rio-Grandense

Cultura e espaço: identidade e território na formação de um arranjo produtivo local potencial em Sertãozinho - SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Uso desigual do território em Rondonópolis no processo de expansão do agronegócio da soja em Mato Grosso

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uso do território e tecnociência: densidades, topologias e hierarquias territoriais da produção técnico-científica no Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Globalização e dinâmicas territoriais em Rondônia. Região Amazônica

Este trabajo analiza las dinámicas territoriales en Rondonia desde el avance espacial de la producción de soja. Tales procesos geográficos son articulados a partir de la expansión de una economía globalizada que tiene impacto directo sobre la región amazónica. La expansión de la soja es seguida por la formación de una geografía agropecuaria que concentra los granos del sur de Rondonia, lo cual muestra un dinamismo económico acompañado por la exclusión y las posibles presiones socio-territoriales en los ambientes más conservados. Como consecuencia de las relaciones sociales, la articulación espacial está basada en la expansión de la producción de soja, llevada a cabo por los agentes hegemónicos en la configuración de una red territorial, cuyas dinámicas son producto de la expansión de los procesos de las áreas globalizadas.

Globalização e dinâmicas territoriais em Rondônia. Região Amazônica

Este trabajo analiza las dinámicas territoriales en Rondonia desde el avance espacial de la producción de soja. Tales procesos geográficos son articulados a partir de la expansión de una economía globalizada que tiene impacto directo sobre la región amazónica. La expansión de la soja es seguida por la formación de una geografía agropecuaria que concentra los granos del sur de Rondonia, lo cual muestra un dinamismo económico acompañado por la exclusión y las posibles presiones socio-territoriales en los ambientes más conservados. Como consecuencia de las relaciones sociales, la articulación espacial está basada en la expansión de la producción de soja, llevada a cabo por los agentes hegemónicos en la configuración de una red territorial, cuyas dinámicas son producto de la expansión de los procesos de las áreas globalizadas.

Globalização e dinâmicas territoriais em Rondônia. Região Amazônica

Este trabajo analiza las dinámicas territoriales en Rondonia desde el avance espacial de la producción de soja. Tales procesos geográficos son articulados a partir de la expansión de una economía globalizada que tiene impacto directo sobre la región amazónica. La expansión de la soja es seguida por la formación de una geografía agropecuaria que concentra los granos del sur de Rondonia, lo cual muestra un dinamismo económico acompañado por la exclusión y las posibles presiones socio-territoriales en los ambientes más conservados. Como consecuencia de las relaciones sociales, la articulación espacial está basada en la expansión de la producción de soja, llevada a cabo por los agentes hegemónicos en la configuración de una red territorial, cuyas dinámicas son producto de la expansión de los procesos de las áreas globalizadas.

A configuração do circuito espacial de produção sucroalcooleira em Alagoas

The sugarcane production consists in the principal product activity in the state of Alagoas, holding a structure composed of 25 unities of production that represents the economic base of more than a half of its municipies, what make it be the biggest producer of the sector in North and Northwest, exporting its products for countries in different continents. From this reference, it was searched in the present work, to understand the configuration of the circuit space production of sugar cane in Alagoas, from the use of the territory, trough the analyses of the more significant events related to the sector, and, the established rules by the State, through the government, by organs like Institute of Sugar and Alcohol (IAA), and programs like National Alcohol Program (Proálcool), between others, that had as function to structure and to allocate resources to the sugar cane sector. It was realized that the investments done made possible the renovation of techniques used in the sugar cane complex. In the beginning, with the substitution of the mill for factories and, afterwards, the improvement of the agriculture and factory process themselves, improving the utilization of the byproduct, and the productive integration of instances, specially with the sugar, cane, electricity generation production, intensifying the participation of the state in the internation division of labor, giving it a organization structure divided by big hegemonic agents of this process. SO, the sugar cane geographic configuration existing in alagoano territory was restructured and the circuit even more pass to constitute movement of many scales, subsidized by cooperation circles. However, this configuration showed itself subservient to world commerce, what conditions the adoption of hegemonic practices that are far from the local projects and living practices. The verticality imposed offers a configuration that isn’t peculiar, that only serves to answer to the big hegemonic agent commands, characterizing the continuity of the present capitalism process. It means that the sugar cane factories use corporately the territory as resource to obtain more lucrativity and this way dominate the bigger quantity of consumer commerce

LA NATURALEZA DEL DESASTRE: UNA REFLEXIÓN CONTEMPORÁNEA DEL CONCEPTO Y SUS IMPLICACIONES

Donde hay la mirada humana hay desastre. Éste no ocurre ajeno ni al margen del ser, ni es inherente a la dinámica de la esfera de la naturaleza. Más aún, es el resultado de una práctica contextualizada históricamente en un tiempo donde los trastornos se han agudizado por la lógica asimétrica del capital. El desastre no es natural. Vinculado en principio al devenir de la naturaleza, se alza hoy como categoría que permite el usufructo de los nuevos agentes hegemónicos y los nuevos métodos de control político, mediante el manejo pernicioso de las crisis como condición inexorable de una sociedad que ha sido educada y condenada a aceptar su vulnerabilidad. La presente ponencia, desde una perspectiva crítica, pretende abordar el tema de la caracterización de los desastres en el contexto de un mundo dominado por la esfera del capital, en cuyo marco ha manejado ideológicamente un discurso que apela a las crisis y la vulnerabilidad como situaciones inherentes a la naturaleza, soslayando su carácter social, al tiempo que los nuevos agentes hegemónicos apuntalan sus nuevos métodos de control a escala global, generando impactos de orden espacial. La intención es contribuir a la discusión del concepto desastre desde la perspectiva social y sus implicaciones de tipo espacial.

Convivendo com agentes de transformação: a interdisciplinaridade no processo de ensino/aprendizado em saúde

Saúde é filosofia, é ideologia e é política. Engana-se quem aposta numa suposta objetividade das ciências do cuidado. Elas estão absolutamente imbricadas pelas perspectivas sociais, por interesses econômicos e por posicionamentos hegemônicos ou contra-hegemônicos, ainda que estes atravessamentos passem despercebidos pelos profissionais e pelas instituições1,2. As próprias concepções acerca dos processos de saúde/doença dão sentido às ações dos profissionais. As diferentes perspectivas ideológicas redundam em diferentes formulações de políticas públicas. Ou pelo menos deveriam. Foucault, com um olhar extremamente duro para a medicina, diz que: "a medicina é um saber-poder que incide ao mesmo tempo sobre o corpo e sobre a população, sobre o organismo e sobre os processos biológicos e que vai, portanto, ter efeitos disciplinares e efeitos regulamentadores5". O Programa Unisaúde, ligado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Famed - UFRGS), possibilita a convivência com os trabalhadores ligados ao Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), mostrando que existem outras formas de se pensar e fazer saúde coletiva. Nas páginas que se seguem, tenta-se expor reflexões nascidas em meio a este projeto.

La insaciable búsqueda de El Dorado: procesos hegemónicos y dispositivos de dominación en un pueblo sikuani de la orinoquía colombiana

Esta tesis examina desde una perspectiva histórica de larga duración cómo se han configurado diversos escenarios de disputa política en la Orinoquía colombiana, a través del colonialismo interno y la configuración de la región como margen del Estado, teniendo en cuenta la multiplicidad de actores dominantes que han tenido presencia en la región, y las relaciones de dominación y poder que han entablado con un el pueblo sikuani como sujeto subalterno. Se presenta así, una línea de tiempo que permite visualizar temporalmente tanto las cosas que permanecen como aquellas que se transforman o que emergen en momentos concretos. En cada escenario se hacen visibles dispositivos de poder disciplinario utilizados por los actores dominantes, y de las acciones que el pueblo sikuani, como actor subalterno, ha utilizado para negociar y resistir su opresión. Nos encontramos entonces con una antropología de los contactos y los encuentros coloniales; entre los agentes dominantes –misiones católicas, misiones, evangélicas fundamentalistas, funcionarios del Estado, terratenientes, grupos paramilitares, entre otros- y subalternos – el pueblo sikuani- para entender los momentos de crisis, ruptura y su contraparte, la formación de alianzas. Se examina así la configuración de la hegemonía entendida no como “consenso” sino como un proceso hegemónico que genera un espacio de controversia, confrontación y colusión entre grupos dominantes y grupos subordinados. Asimismo hay una descentralización de la historia focalizada en el Estado central, girando la mirada hacia las márgenes donde se dan complejas relaciones de poder, en las que se insertan los sectores subalternos, en este caso el del pueblo sikuani. Además se exploran las disputas en el interior de las comunidades indígenas, es decir, de la hegemonía comunal para examinar los cambios de autoridad y disputas políticas a nivel comunitario. Desde una visión etnográfica e histórica, hay una aproximación a las prácticas cotidianas y políticas de una comunidad sikuani, a su manera de relacionarse con los grupos dominantes, pero también a sus dinámicas políticas internas.

A influencia dos agentes sociais nos interesses fisico-esportivos do lazer

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física