Valorização do património tradicional em Santana: um contributo para o crescimento do turismo cultural da Madeira

Dissertação de mestrado em Património e Turismo Cultural

Aprobación y resimbolización del patrimonio en el Ecuador. Historia, arquitectura y comunidad. El caso de Cuenca (Dossier: historia del arte)

El artículo analiza la conservación del patrimonio arquitectónico en el Ecuador. Propone recuperar la noción de patrimonio ligada a la noción de ciudadanía. El ensayo plantea el estado de la cuestión en Ecuador, revisa los casos de Quito y Guayaquil y se concentra en la problemática en Cuenca, ciudad Patrimonio de la Humanidad desde 1999. Formula la necesidad de que la investigación y la difusión de la historia de estas ciudades sean adoptadas como parte de una política pública permanente.

Cambios históricos en el paisaje de Cuenca, siglos XIX-XX (Estudios)

Este artículo analiza la génesis del paisaje urbano de Cuenca. Se destacan los elementos patrimoniales, los procesos de crecimiento y de expansión, y los cambios en su paisaje urbano entre los siglos XIX y XX. Utiliza el enfoque de la geografía histórica y de la geografía del paisaje y sus metodologías. Estudia la percepción que la población tiene del territorio, el plano urbano, la arquitectura y los usos del suelo. La investigación incorpora, además, un registro fotográfico de las principales edificaciones que conforman el patrimonio arquitectónico cuencano.

Problemi di diagnostica e restauro dei materiali decorativi nell'architettura Liberty in Emilia-Romagna

Le pietre artificiali ed i cementi artistici utilizzati durante la stagione Liberty rappresentano tutt’oggi un patrimonio artistico non ancora sufficientemente studiato. In seguito ad una ricerca bibliografica su testi e riviste dei primi anni del Novecento, è stata eseguita una ricognizione del patrimonio architettonico emiliano-romagnolo, al fine di valutarne i materiali e le tipologie di degrado più diffuse. Le città e le zone oggetto di studio sono state: Bologna, Ferrara, Modena e provincia, Reggio Emilia, Parma, Firenze, la Romagna e le Marche settentrionali. Tra gli edifici individuati sono state analizzate le decorazioni e gli intonaci di tre edifici ritenuti particolarmente significativi: il villino Pennazzi (noto anche come Villa Gina) a Borgo Panigale (Bologna), villa Verde a Bologna e l’ex-albergo Dorando Pietri a Carpi. Da tali edifici sono stati selezionati campioni rappresentativi delle diverse tipologie di decorazioni in pietra artificiale e successivamente sono stati caratterizzati in laboratorio tramite diffrattometria a raggi x (XRD), termogravimetria (TGA), microscopio ottico in sezioni lucide, microscopio elettronico a scansione (SEM) e porosimetria ad intrusione di mercurio (MIP). In particolare per Villa Verde sono state formulate e caratterizzate diverse tipologie di malte variando il tipo di legante ed il rapporto acqua/cemento, al fine di garantire la compatibilità fisico-meccanica con il supporto negli interventi di risarcimento delle lacune previsti nel restauro. L’attività sperimentale svolta ha permesso di mettere a punto un vero e proprio protocollo diagnostico per il restauro di questo tipo di decorazioni che potrà essere utilizzato sia nei casi di studio analizzati che per ogni futuro intervento.

Virtual plants - integrating architectural and physiological models

Recent advances in computer technology have made it possible to create virtual plants by simulating the details of structural development of individual plants. Software has been developed that processes plant models expressed in a special purpose mini-language based on the Lindenmayer system formalism. These models can be extended from their architectural basis to capture plant physiology by integrating them with crop models, which estimate biomass production as a consequence of environmental inputs. Through this process, virtual plants will gain the ability to react to broad environmental conditions, while crop models will gain a visualisation component. This integration requires the resolution of the fundamentally different time scales underlying the approaches. Architectural models are usually based on physiological time; each time step encompasses the same amount of development in the plant, without regard to the passage of real time. In contrast, physiological models are based in real time; the amount of development in a time step is dependent on environmental conditions during the period. This paper provides a background on the plant modelling language, then describes how widely-used concepts of thermal time can be implemented to resolve these time scale differences. The process is illustrated using a case study. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Collagen V and vascular injury promote lung architectural changes in systemic sclerosis

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem disorder characterized by inflammation, fibrosis and vascular damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interactions between basement membrane disruption, endothelial injury and collagen V deposition on the vascular wall, as well as their association with pulmonary function tests in patients with SSc. Method: The endothelial apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL and electron microscopy, and quantified through the point-counting technique. To evaluate basement membrane integrity, laminin immunostaining and electron microscopy were used. Immunofluorescence and morphometric analysis were used to determine the amount of collagen V in the vascular walls in 23 open lung biopsies of patients with SSc without pulmonary hypertension. Normal lung tissue was obtained from five individuals who had died of traumatic injuries. Results: The apoptosis index in SSc was higher in the endothelial cells (13.83 +/- 6.83) when compared with the control (2.51 +/- 2.06) group (P < 0.001) and confirmed by electron microscopy. We observed an important disruption of the basement membrane on the vascular wall shown by discontinuous laminin immunostaining and electron microscopy. An increase in collagen V on the vascular wall of the SSc group was observed (45.28 +/- 13.21), when compared with control group (22.90 +/- 4.13, P < 0.001), and this difference was statistically significant. An inverse correlation was found between vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, vascular collagen V and endothelial apoptosis (P < 0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that the endothelial apoptosis and vascular collagen V interaction reinforce the vascular pathway in the SSc pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to determine whether this relationship is causal or consequential. Please cite this paper as: Parra ER, Aguiar AC Jr, Teodoro WR, de Souza R, Yoshinari NH and Capelozzi VL. Collagen V and vascular injury promote lung architectural changes in systemic sclerosis. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2009; 3: 135-142.

Conus perimedullary arteriovenous fistula in a child: unusual angio-architectural features and pathophysiology

Introduction The perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas are located on the pial surface and are usually supplied by spinal medullary arteries, that is, either by the anterior or posterior spinal arteries, with no intervening nidus between the feeder arteries and the venous drainage. The clinical findings are, more commonly, caused by progressive radiculomedullary ischemic processes secondary to steal vascular mechanism. As the vascular supply to the spinal cord and to the arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) is not shared with one another, the vascular steal phenomenon cannot be implicated in this case`s physiopathology. Most probably, the mass effect caused by the giant venous dilatation was the pathophysiological mechanism involved in this lesion Case report The authors describe the case of a 6-year-old girl with an intradural ventral arteriovenous fistula, with a giant venous dilatation, fed directly by L2 and L3 radiculomedullary arteries at the conus medullaris. There was no arterial supply to the fistula from the anterior or posterior spinal arteries. Selective spinal angiography showed an arteriovenous fistula supplied directly by two radiculomedullary arteries, with a large draining vein caudally. Interposing the arterial and venous vessels was a giant venous aneurysmal dilatation located ventral to the conus medullaris and extending from L3 to T6. The patient was successfully treated by a surgical approach through a laminotomy from L3 to T11. Conclusion The type IV-C spinal arteriovenous malformations or perimedullary AVFs are rare lesions predominately described at the conus medullaris with various types of angio-architecture and controversial treatment.

Linking physiological and architectural models of cotton

Despite the strong influence of plant architecture on crop yield, most crop models either ignore it or deal with it in a very rudimentary way. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of linking a model that simulates the morphogenesis and resultant architecture of individual cotton plants with a crop model that simulates the effects of environmental factors on critical physiological processes and resulting yield in cotton. First the varietal parameters of the models were made concordant. Then routines were developed to allocate the flower buds produced each day by the crop model amongst the potential positions generated by the architectural model. This allocation is done according to a set of heuristic rules. The final weight of individual bolls and the shedding of buds and fruit caused by water, N, and C stresses are processed in a similar manner. Observations of the positions of harvestable fruits, both within and between plants, made under a variety of agronomic conditions that had resulted in a broad range of plant architectures were compared to those predicted by the model with the same environmental inputs. As illustrated by comparisons of plant maps, the linked models performed reasonably well, though performance of the fruiting point allocation and shedding algorithms could probably be improved by further analysis of the spatial relationships of retained fruit. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Architectural prototyping: from CCS to .Net

Over the last decade, software architecture emerged as a critical issue in Software Engineering. This encompassed a shift from traditional programming towards software development based on the deployment and assembly of independent components. The specification of both the overall systems structure and the interaction patterns between their components became a major concern for the working developer. Although a number of formalisms to express behaviour and to supply the indispensable calculational power to reason about designs, are available, the task of deriving architectural designs on top of popular component platforms has remained largely informal. This paper introduces a systematic approach to derive, from CCS behavioural specifications the corresponding architectural skeletons in the Microsoft .Net framework, in the form of executable C and Cω code. The prototyping process is fully supported by a specific tool developed in Haskell