969 resultados para 834


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Contient : 1° « Doctrinal LE SAUVAGE » ; 2° « La Dietez du corps et de l'ame », par « PIERRE » ; 3° « L'Evre du jour » ; 4° « La Translacion monseigneur saint Jaque », de « CALIXTE » [II], traduction exécutée en 1212, à la demande d'Yolande, comtesse de Saint-Pol, par « PIERRE » ; 5° « L'Istoire Charlemainne, comment il conquist Espaigne et la sainte terre de promission en laquelle est Jherusalem... », ou la Chronique de Turpin, traduction de « PIERRE » ; 6° « Le Livre de moralitez des filosophes », ou Livre de Sénèque ; 7° « Li Bestiaires... que Phisiologes, uns bons clers d'Athenes, traita, et Jehans Crisostonus en choisi en les natures des bestes et des oisiaus », traduction de « PIERRE » ; 8° « Le Testament mestre JEHAN de Mehun » ; 9° « Le Livre du Renclus de Moliens » ; 10° « Le Chapitre de charité », du même ; 11° « Le Mireoers de la vie et de la mort », composé en 1366 par « ROBERT DE L'ORME » ; 12° « La Devision de la nef du monde » ; 13° « Des quinze Signes qui doivent venir avant la fin du monde » ; 14° « La Lettre que Prestre Jehan envoya à l'empereur Fedric de Contantinoble » ; 15° « Le Purgatoire que Nostre Seigneur Jhesu Crist monstra à saint Patrix » ; 16° Les Vertus de l'eau Salemonde

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di Georgio Philippo Telemann

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The influence of fluid flux on petrogenesis in the Tonga-Kermadec Arc was investigated using ion microprobe measurements of B/Be and boron isotope ratios (11B/10B) to document the source and relative volumes of the fluids released from the subducting oceanic plate. We analyzed young lavas from eight different islands along the Tonga-Kermadec Arc, as well as glass shards in volcanic sediments from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 840, which record the variations in the chemistry of Tonga magmatism since 7 Ma. B/Be is variable (5.8-122), in young Tonga-Kermadec Arc lavas. In contrast, glass shards from around 3 to 4 Ma old volcanic sediments at Site 840 have the highest B/Be values yet reported for arc lavas (18-607). These values are too high to be related simply to a sediment influence on petrogenesis. Together with very high d11B values (-11.6 to +37.5) for the same shards and lavas these data indicate that most of the B is derived from fluid escaped from the subducting altered Pacific oceanic crust, rather than from sediment. High d11B values also reflect large degrees of isotopic fractionation in this cold fast subduction zone. Lower d11B values noted in the Kermadec Arc (17 to -4.4) are related to the influence of sediment eroded from New Zealand and slower convergence. High fluid flux (B/Be) is synchronous in Tonga and the Marianas at 3 to 4 Ma and may be related to acceleration of the Pacific Plate just prior to this time. The timing of maximum B/Be at 3 to 4 Ma correlates with maximum light rare earth (LREE) and high field strength element depletion. This suggests maximum degrees of partial melting at this time. Although thinning of the arc lithosphere during rifting to form the Lau Basin is expected to influence the arc geochemistry, variable aqueous fluid flux from the subducting plate alone appears capable of explaining boron and other trace element systematics in the Tonga-Kermadec Arc with no indication of slab melting.

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New major, trace element, and isotope data (Pb, Sr, and Nd) reveal an impressive compositional variation in the basalts recovered from Site 834. Major element compositions span almost the entire range observed in basalts from the modern axial systems of the Lau Basin, and variations are consistent with low-pressure fractionation of a mid-ocean-ridge-basalt (MORB)-like parent, in which plagioclase crystallization has been somewhat suppressed. Trace element compositions deviate from MORB in all but one unit (Unit 7) and show enrichments in large-ion-lithophile elements (LILEs) relative to high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) more typically associated with island-arc magmas. The Pb-isotope ratios define linear trends that extend from the field of Pacific MORB to highly radiogenic values similar to those observed in rocks from the northernmost islands of the Tofua Arc. The Sr-isotope compositions also show significant variation, and these too project from radiogenic values back into the field for Pacific MORB. The variations in key trace element and isotopic features are consistent with magma mixing between two relatively mafic melts: one represented by Pacific MORB, and the other by a magma similar to those erupted on 'Eua when it was part of the original Tongan arc, or perhaps members of the Lau Volcanic Group (LVG). Based on our model, the most radiogenic compositions (Units 2 and 8) represent approximately 50:50 mixtures of these MORB and arc end-members. Magma mixing requires that both components are simultaneously available, and implies that melts have not shown a compositional progression from arc-like to MORB-like with extension at this locality. Rather, it is apparent that essentially pristine MORB can erupt as one of the earliest products of backarc initiation. Indeed, repetition of isotopic and trace element signatures with depth suggests that eruptions have been triggered by periodic injections of fresh MORB melts into the source regions of these magmas. The slow and almost amagmatic extension of the original arc complex envisaged to explain the observed chemistry is also consistent with the horst-and-graben topography of the western side of the Lau Basin. Given the similarities between basalts erupted at the modern Lau Basin spreading centers and MORB from the Indian Ocean, the overwhelming evidence for involvement of mantle similar to Pacific MORB in the petrogenesis of basalts from Site 834 is a new and important observation. It indicates that the original arc was underlain by asthenospheric material derived from the Pacific mantle convection cell, and that this has somehow been replaced by Indian Ocean MORB during the last ~5.5 Ma.

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