997 resultados para 5<56>Fr


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von Carl Heinrich Cornill

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von Carl Heinrich Cornill

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The north Icelandic shelf is partly distinguished by the Tjörnes Fracture Zone featuring numerous active basins in a mud-dominated shelf environment. Late Glacial and Holocene high-resolution sedimentary records from this area have been studied with tephrochronology as the main tool for correlation and for exact timing of palaeoceanographic events in the area. Data from three new piston cores from the shelf demonstrate the importance of tephra markers for the first chronological evaluation and correlation of the cores. The correlation is extended with lithological logs and with magnetic susceptibility records. A detailed multidisciplinary study (including biostratigraphy and tephrochronology) of a late Holocene record of predominantly muddy sediments at the same location demonstrates that marked variations in the distribution of water masses occurred repeatedly through the last 4500 cal. yr. Of special interest is the exact timing of a marked drop in sea-surface temperature in the area, indicated by ice rafting debris concentration, to about 50 years before the Hekla 3 eruption, which occurred at 2980 cal. yr BP. This appears to predate most records of a general cooling event in NW Europe by a couple of centuries. Two different possible age models, one based on 14C dates combined with tephra markers and one based on tephra markers alone, are discussed in context with the problem of different marine reservoir ages of the water masses in the area.

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Detta arbete har syftet att undersöka varför det nationella ämnesprovet (Np) i skolår 5 genomförs. För att undersöka den frågan har vi tagit del av information och åsikter från Skolverket samt intervjuat 16 personer som arbetar i eller för skolan i en av Sveriges kommuner. Informationsinsamlandet består bland annat av två rapporter (böcker) från Skolverket. Intervjuerna är basen för denna undersökning då det finns lite skrivet om detta ämne. Av de resultat vi redovisar kring varför det nationella ämnesprovet i skolår 5 genomförs har vi valt att utförligare presentera de viktigaste av dem, vilka är; Information/Kommunikation, Likvärdighet, Lärarunderlag och Resursfördelning.Denna undersökning visar att nationella ämnesprovet i skolår 5 är väldigt uppskattat bland lärarna, provet hjälper läraren att finna kvaliteter och brister hos elever och det ger dem även ett bra underlag för att följa och dokumentera elevernas utveckling. Många lärare framhåller samtidigt att provet är krävande vad det gäller planering och genomförande. Av personal på skolor i den aktuella kommunen efterfrågades att det nationella ämnesprovet skall ligga till grund för resursfördelningen, vilket den inte gör, idag. Resultatet av denna undersökning visar på stora brister i information och kommunikation mellan de olika nivåerna i skolan. Det vill säga från Barn- och skolnämnd till lärare, via skolområdeschefer och rektorer. Vidare visar resultatet att många lärare väljer att plocka bort vissa delar ur det nationella ämnesprovet i skolår 5, vilket inte är tillåtet enligt den aktuella kommunens bestämmelser.

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Sistemas silvipastoris são alternativas para aliar conforto animal a índices produtivos mais elevados, principalmente em regiões de clima tropical, como a Amazônia, onde o estresse calórico é constante. Este trabalho teve como objetivo propor uma metodologia para criação de bezerros bubalinos em sistema silvipastoril na Amazônia Oriental, capaz de conferir conforto térmico e maior capacidade de desenvolvimento aos animais. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, em Belém–PA, região de tipo climático Afi, em dois períodos do ano: Período menos chuvoso (abril/2007 a setembro/2007) e Período mais chuvoso, (outubro/2007 a março/2008). Os bezerros foram inseridos no Sistema Silvipastoril 1 (SSP1; n=10), com área de sombreamento útil nas pastagens, ou no Sistema Silvipastoril 2 (SSP2; n=9), com pouco sombreamento e um lago para banho. Foram aferidas variáveis fisiológicas, dados morfométricos, e calculados o ITU e o ICB, para os dois SSPs nos dois períodos do ano, e comparados pelo Teste F (P<0,05). O ITU mostrou “nível de alerta” durante os dois períodos experimentais (Período 1: 78,9±3,7 e Período 2: 77,5±3,5). A FR ficou acima dos níveis considerados normais, com amplitude de 32,2±9,2 a 56,5±19,0 mov/min. A TR (38,3±0,26 a 39,3±0,38 °C) e a FC (64,6±15,2 a 76,6±13,9 bat/min) estiveram dentro dos padrões normais para bubalinos. A temperatura da pele ficou entre 23,6±8,3 e 31,7±5,4 °C. Os ICBs no SSP1 ficaram na faixa de 2,46±0,33 a 3,31±0,62 e no SSP2 estiveram entre 2,42±0,30 a 3,45±0,66 (P>0,05). O ganho de peso dos bezerros nos dois sistemas silvipastoris estudados foi considerado excelente (0,917±0,4 a 1,052±0,5 kg/dia), bem como o desenvolvimento ponderal, considerados bem superiores à média encontrada para búfalos. O sombreamento das pastagens forneceu tanto conforto aos bezerros quanto a água para banho, além de agregar valor a propriedade e preservar os ecossistemas aquáticos amazônicos.

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This article provides an overview of the main changes in the chapter "Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders" from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5, which, once again, does not make allowance for potential characteristics of children and adolescents. Changes in the main text include abandoning the classical subtypes of Schizophrenia as well as of the special significance of Schneider's first-rank symptoms, resulting in the general requirement of two key features (one having to be a positive symptom) in the definition of Schizophrenia and the allowance for bizarre contents in Delusional Disorders. Further introduced are the diagnosis of a delusional obsessive-compulsive/body dysmorphic disorder exclusively as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, the specification of affective episodes in Schizoaffective Disorder, and the formulation of a distinct subchapter "Catatonia" for the assessment of catatonic features in the context of several disorders. In Section III (Emerging Measures and Models) there is a recommendation for a dimensional description of psychoses. A likely source of confusion lies in the double introduction of an "Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome." On the one hand, a vague description is provided among "Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders" in the main text; on the other hand, there is a precise definition in Section III as a "Condition for Further Study." There is some cause to worry that this vague introduction of the attenuated psychosis syndrome in the main text might indeed open the floodgates to an overdiagnosis of subthreshold psychotic symptoms and their early pharmacological treatment.

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The aim of the present study was to identify factors associated with the occurrence of falls among elderly adults in a population-based study (ISACamp 2008). A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out with two-stage cluster sampling. The sample was composed of 1,520 elderly adults living in the urban area of the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. The occurrence of falls was analyzed based on reports of the main accident occurred in the previous 12 months. Data on socioeconomic/demographic factors and adverse health conditions were tested for possible associations with the outcome. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated and adjusted for gender and age using the Poisson multiple regression analysis. Falls were more frequent, after adjustment for gender and age, among female elderly participants (PR = 2.39; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.47 - 3.87), elderly adults (80 years old and older) (PR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.61 - 3.88), widowed (PR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.04 - 2.89) and among elderly adults who had rheumatism/arthritis/arthrosis (PR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.00 - 2.48), osteoporosis (PR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.18 - 2.49), asthma/bronchitis/emphysema (PR = 1,73; 95% CI 1.09 - 2.74), headache (PR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.07 - 2.38), mental common disorder (PR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.12 - 2.64), dizziness (PR = 2.82; 95% CI 1.98 - 4.02), insomnia (PR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.16 - 2.65), use of multiple medications (five or more) (PR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.12 - 5.56) and use of cane/walker (PR = 2.16; 95% CI 1.19 - 3,93). The present study shows segments of the elderly population who are more prone to falls through the identification of factors associated with this outcome. The findings can contribute to the planning of public health policies and programs addressed to the prevention of falls.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física