Advancing Bag-of-visual-words Representations For Lesion Classification In Retinal Images.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes that can lead to blindness if not readily discovered. Automated screening algorithms have the potential to improve identification of patients who need further medical attention. However, the identification of lesions must be accurate to be useful for clinical application. The bag-of-visual-words (BoVW) algorithm employs a maximum-margin classifier in a flexible framework that is able to detect the most common DR-related lesions such as microaneurysms, cotton-wool spots and hard exudates. BoVW allows to bypass the need for pre- and post-processing of the retinographic images, as well as the need of specific ad hoc techniques for identification of each type of lesion. An extensive evaluation of the BoVW model, using three large retinograph datasets (DR1, DR2 and Messidor) with different resolution and collected by different healthcare personnel, was performed. The results demonstrate that the BoVW classification approach can identify different lesions within an image without having to utilize different algorithms for each lesion reducing processing time and providing a more flexible diagnostic system. Our BoVW scheme is based on sparse low-level feature detection with a Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) local descriptor, and mid-level features based on semi-soft coding with max pooling. The best BoVW representation for retinal image classification was an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 97.8% (exudates) and 93.5% (red lesions), applying a cross-dataset validation protocol. To assess the accuracy for detecting cases that require referral within one year, the sparse extraction technique associated with semi-soft coding and max pooling obtained an AUC of 94.2 ± 2.0%, outperforming current methods. Those results indicate that, for retinal image classification tasks in clinical practice, BoVW is equal and, in some instances, surpasses results obtained using dense detection (widely believed to be the best choice in many vision problems) for the low-level descriptors.

Goya And Tinea Favosa.

A case of a tinea favosa involving the scalp of a child represented in the painting Boys climbing a tree (Muchachos trepando a un árbol), by Francisco Goya y Lucientes, with pictorial representation of favic scutula and consequent alopecia.

Diagramas de Ellingham e de Van't Hoff: algumas considerações

The main subject of this article is to show the parallelism betwen the Ellingham and Van't Hoff diagrams. The first one is a graphic representation of the changes in the standard Gibbs free energy (deltarGtheta) as a function of T and was introduced by Ellingham in 1944, in order to study metallurgic processes involving oxides and sulphides. On the other hand, the Van't Hoff diagram is a representation of the function ln K versus (1/T). The equivalence between both diagrams is easily demonstrated, making simple mathematical manipulations. In order to show the parallelism between both diagrams, they are presented briefly and two examples are discussed. The comparison of the both diagrams surely will be helpful to students and teachers in their learning and teaching activities, and will certainly enrich important aspects of chemical thermodynamics.

Descrição e discriminação de formas de nervuras foliares utilizando a representação polinomial cúbica de Hermite

This paper describes a method for leaf vein shape characterization using Hermite polynomial cubic representation. The elements associated with this representation are used as secondary vein descriptors and their discriminatory potential are analyzed based on the identification of two legume species (Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus Hassl. and L. subglaucescens Mart, ex Benth.). The elements of Hermite geometry influence a curve along all its extension allowing a global description of the secondary vein course by a descriptor of low dimensionality. The obtained results shown the analyzed species can be discriminated by this method and it can be used in addition to commonly considered elements in the taxonomic process.

As Apocynaceae s. str. da região de Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil

The present study describes a survey of the Apocynaceae in different types of vegetation, in the region of Bauru, in the Center-West of São Paulo State. Of the 25 species encountered, distributed into 15 genera, representation ranges as follows: Forsteronia G. Mey, five species; Aspidosperma Mart., four species; Mandevilla Lindl., three species; Prestonia R. Br., two species; and Condylocarpon Desf., Hancornia Gomez, Himatanthus Willd. ex Roem. et Schult., Macrosiphonia Müll. Arg., Mesechites Müll. Arg., Odontadenia Benth, Peltastes Woodson, Rhodocalyx Müll Arg., Secondatia A. DC., Tabernaemontana L. and Temnadenia Miers, one species each. In addition to both distribution data, and flowering and fruiting times, identifications keys, descriptions and illustrations of the species are presented.

Formação de conceitos em crianças cegas: questões teóricas e implicações educacionais

Concept formation depends on language and thought, that promote the integration of information coming from the senses. It is postulated that changes in the person, the objects and events to be known suggest flexible models of concept teaching. It is assumed that the same considerations apply to teaching concepts to blind pupils. Specificities of this process are discussed, including the role of touch as resource, although not as a direct substitute to vision, and the notion of representation as a basis for the elaboration of pedagogical resources for the blind student.

A formação de personalidades éticas: representações de si e moral

The article presents studies of a current investigation among 75 adolescents from 12 to 15 years old, students of private schools of Campinas city, that have as main objective to notice a possible correspondence among the moral judgments and the representation that individuals have about themselves. From a questionnaire, the studies bring out the representations of these individuals and answer a questioning if they would have an ethical character or not and if these individuals would correspond to their moral judgments. The results point out to a correspondence among those whose self representations are characterized by more evolved ethical contents and judgments related to sensitivity and to the characters feelings involved in the situations described. Such studies validate the intention of this article to discuss the correspondences between ethics (how the individual sees himself/herself) and moral (how he/she judges the situations moral).

A metalinguagem como lugar da interpretação: terminologia e bases de dados informatizadas

The main objective of this work is to discuss the notion of metalanguage concerning the use of thesaurus (symbols systems, functions indicators, descriptors) utilized by indexers for article representation in computerized bibliographical databases. Our corpus comprises article abstracts and bibliographical database descriptors LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde) and SOCIOFILE Sociological Abstracts. We aim at clarifying the effects of subjectivity in the functioning of indexing taking account the grounds for interpretation that allow different meanings.

A evolução da noção de parâmetros

This paper presents an overview of the concept of parameter in the Principles and Parameters theory, showing that a) in the first stage parameters were conceived as variation associated to the Principles and b) in the second stage as properties of the lexicon, and more specifically as properties of functional categories. The latter view has also developed from a substantive conception of functional categories to a more formal abstract characterization of functional heads. The paper also discusses parameters related to different levels of representation.

Nossa notação m' na prova de Rorschach: ampliação e restrição do fator m de Klopfer

Klopfer's differentiation of movement scores, among which inanimate movement integrating the minor movements group, was no doubt opportune and needed. Their peculiar meaning has been clearly stressed and enriched by Piotrowski in his reformulation of Rorschach variables. It is our belief that Rorschach himself would take such step. Our criteria for scoring this determinant are somewhat different of both Klopfer's and Piotrowski's. On the one hand, masks, facial traits, emotional expressions, body parts in motion are not entered there. On the other, we score as such human or animal movement, provided this does not originate in the blot shape directly, but in the subjective reaction against the sensed muscular tension. Basic requirement for this scoring is the kinesthetic component, as for Mever since Rorschach's elaboration; and common trait distinctive for any response to be so scored ? be it an abstraction, an inanimate object, an animal or human being ? must be the subjective way of feeling the movement: (a) intention, blocking, struggle for achieving, for instance, or (b) activity of nature elements. Due to this subjective meaning we use the symbol m'intead of mfor this category. We already find these two kinds (a) and (b) of movement responses in Rorschach's text, respectively in the Examplesand in his posthumous Contribution.Either may point to a flight from emotional stress or to outstanding mental ability.

Representação da área de responsabilidade de jogadores de futebol através do Diagrama de Voronoi

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Proposição e avaliação de um modelo de representação dos membros superiores e escapula durante a marcha humana

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Metodologia para analise cinematica da corrida

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

As danças do sagrado no profano : transpondo tempos e espaços em rituais de candomble

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

O livro como recurso didatico no ensino do futebol

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física