22 resultados para Infinite horizon economies
em Archive of European Integration
Resumo:
This background brief looks into the new research and innovation strategy introduced by the European Union embodied in the Horizon 2020 funding programme. It focuses on the prospect for international collaboration in Horizon 2020, and presents a roadmap for both European institutions and those from key third countries to get ready for the opportunities provided by this funding instrument to embark on interesting research and innovation. The brief begins by outlining the efforts by the EU to address issues of economic competitiveness with a new growth strategy Europe 2020 in response to the enormous challenges faced by Europe in the midst of the debt crisis. It looks at the introduction of the Innovation Union as a Europe 2020 initiative, and explains how the new financial instrument, Horizon 2020, may be used to support the primary goals of more jobs, improved lives, better society and the global competitiveness of Europe. The brief also outlines the major differences of Horizon 2020 from the previous framework programmes, and recommends close collaboration between the European and the key third countries. The brief also proposes general and priority‐specific strategies for national research councils, universities and research institution to get ready to participate in the Horizon 2020 programme.
Resumo:
Recent research has highlighted that in the last few years the evolution of regional disparities in many European states has become pro-cyclical. This represents a change with respect to the predominantly anti-cyclical pattern of the 1960s and 1970s. This paper addresses the question of whether and when this change has taken place in the southern periphery of Europe, before analyzing the factors that may have played a role in such a change. The analysis relies on a regional database that includes the evolution of the GDP per capita of NUTS II regions in five European countries (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) between 1980 and 2000. The results of the analysis support the hypothesis of a change towards a pro-cyclical evolution of regional disparities in the cases of Italy, Portugal, and Spain, but not in those of Greece and France. A relationship between these pro-cyclical patters and the emergence of less dynamic sheltered economies is also detected in peripheral regions. This lack of dynamism is related to the fact that numerous peripheral areas in southern Europe have become increasingly dependent on factors such as transfers or public investment and employment, and therefore are less exposed to changes in market conditions.
Resumo:
The first part of the paper addresses the theoretical background of economic growth and competitive advantage models. Although there is a whole set of research on a relationship between foreign direct investments and economic growth, little has been said on foreign direct investments and national competitive advantage with respect to economic growth of oil and gas abundant countries of Middle East and Central Asia. The second part of our paper introduces the framework of the so-called "Dubai Model" in detail and outlines the key components necessary to develop sustainable comparative advantage for the oil-rich economies. The third part proceeds with the methodology employed to measure the success of the "Dubai Model" in the UAE and in application to other regions. The last part brings the results and investigates the degree to which other oil and gas countries in the region (i.e. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Iran) have adopted the so-called "Dubai Model". It also examines if the Dubai Model is being employed in the Eurasian (Central Asian) oil and gas regions of Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The objective is to gauge if the Eurasian economies are employing the traditional growth strategies of oil-rich non-OECD countries in managing their natural resources or are they adopting the newer non-traditional model of economic growth, such as the "Dubai Model."