Primary Raw Materials (1986-89) Volume 1 (Summary Reports of the R&D Programme). EUR 13647/I EN, 1992

"This document contains the Summary Reports of cost sharing Research and Development contracts funded under the "Primary Raw Materials" subprogramme of the Commission of the European Communities. This programme was part of the research and development programme on "Raw Materials and Advanced Materials" (1986 - 1989). The main objectives of the "Primary Raw Materials" subprogramme were to enhance the competitiveness of the European Community mining and metallurgical Industries and to reduce European Community vulnerability for minerals, particularly those of critical or strategic interest." Three research areas: Research and development exploration; Mining technology; Mineral processing.

Migration and Asylum Data for Policy-making in the European Union – The problem with numbers. CEPS Liberty and Security in Europe No. 89/March 2016

Among many other problems, the migration, humanitarian and policy crises in the European Union in 2015 and early 2016 have highlighted a pressing need for reliable, timely and comparable statistical data on migration, asylum and arrivals at national borders. In this fast-moving policy field, data production and the timeliness of dissemination have seen some improvements but the sources of data remain largely unchanged at national level. In this paper the author examines the reasons for some of the problems with the data for policy and for public discussion, and makes a set of recommendations that call for a complete and updated inventory of data sources and for an evaluation of the quality of data used for policy-making.