1 resultado para Multi factor affine processes
em Coffee Science - Universidade Federal de Lavras
Filtro por publicador
- Repository Napier (1)
- Aberdeen University (3)
- AMS Tesi di Dottorato - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (16)
- AMS Tesi di Laurea - Alm@DL - Università di Bologna (1)
- Aquatic Commons (3)
- ArchiMeD - Elektronische Publikationen der Universität Mainz - Alemanha (16)
- Archive of European Integration (3)
- Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad del País Vasco (6)
- Aston University Research Archive (38)
- Biblioteca de Teses e Dissertações da USP (2)
- Biblioteca Digital | Sistema Integrado de Documentación | UNCuyo - UNCUYO. UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CUYO. (1)
- Biblioteca Digital da Câmara dos Deputados (1)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (15)
- Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual da Universidade de São Paulo (BDPI/USP) (6)
- BORIS: Bern Open Repository and Information System - Berna - Suiça (51)
- Boston University Digital Common (1)
- Brock University, Canada (3)
- Brunel University (1)
- Bucknell University Digital Commons - Pensilvania - USA (2)
- Bulgarian Digital Mathematics Library at IMI-BAS (7)
- CaltechTHESIS (7)
- Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database (15)
- CentAUR: Central Archive University of Reading - UK (45)
- Central European University - Research Support Scheme (1)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal (23)
- CiencIPCA - Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave, Portugal (1)
- Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), India (1)
- Coffee Science - Universidade Federal de Lavras (1)
- Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) (2)
- CORA - Cork Open Research Archive - University College Cork - Ireland (7)
- Corvinus Research Archive - The institutional repository for the Corvinus University of Budapest (2)
- Dalarna University College Electronic Archive (1)
- Deakin Research Online - Australia (67)
- DI-fusion - The institutional repository of Université Libre de Bruxelles (2)
- Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (5)
- Digital Commons at Florida International University (18)
- DigitalCommons@The Texas Medical Center (8)
- DRUM (Digital Repository at the University of Maryland) (1)
- Duke University (6)
- eResearch Archive - Queensland Department of Agriculture; Fisheries and Forestry (5)
- FUNDAJ - Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (1)
- Glasgow Theses Service (5)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive - UK (10)
- Helda - Digital Repository of University of Helsinki (12)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship Repository (1)
- Indian Institute of Science - Bangalore - Índia (31)
- INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS ENERGÉTICAS E NUCLEARES (IPEN) - Repositório Digital da Produção Técnico Científica - BibliotecaTerezine Arantes Ferra (2)
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência (2)
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde de Portugal (1)
- Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal (5)
- Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada - Lisboa (1)
- Lume - Repositório Digital da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (1)
- National Center for Biotechnology Information - NCBI (36)
- Plymouth Marine Science Electronic Archive (PlyMSEA) (5)
- Publishing Network for Geoscientific & Environmental Data (40)
- QSpace: Queen's University - Canada (2)
- QUB Research Portal - Research Directory and Institutional Repository for Queen's University Belfast (42)
- Queensland University of Technology - ePrints Archive (157)
- ReCiL - Repositório Científico Lusófona - Grupo Lusófona, Portugal (1)
- Repositorio Académico de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (1)
- Repositório digital da Fundação Getúlio Vargas - FGV (8)
- Repositório Digital da UNIVERSIDADE DA MADEIRA - Portugal (1)
- Repositório Digital da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul - USCS (1)
- Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Aveiro - Portugal (2)
- Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Brasília (1)
- Repositório Institucional da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (RIUT) (1)
- Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (28)
- Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Medellín (1)
- Research Open Access Repository of the University of East London. (1)
- RUN (Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa) - FCT (Faculdade de Cienecias e Technologia), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Portugal (3)
- SAPIENTIA - Universidade do Algarve - Portugal (7)
- The Scholarly Commons | School of Hotel Administration; Cornell University Research (1)
- Universidad de Alicante (7)
- Universidad del Rosario, Colombia (7)
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (24)
- Universidade Complutense de Madrid (1)
- Universidade dos Açores - Portugal (1)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) (5)
- Universidade Metodista de São Paulo (2)
- Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (1)
- Universita di Parma (2)
- Université de Lausanne, Switzerland (2)
- Université de Montréal (1)
- Université de Montréal, Canada (14)
- Université Laval Mémoires et thèses électroniques (1)
- University of Michigan (4)
- University of Queensland eSpace - Australia (10)
- University of Washington (3)
- WestminsterResearch - UK (5)
Resumo:
Lithium is used in the cathode and electrolyte of rechargeable batteries in many portable electronics and electric vehicles, and is thus seen as a critical component of modern technology (Gruber et al., 2011). Electric vehicles are promoted as a way to reduce carbon emissions associated with the transportation sector, which accounts for 14.3% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (OECD International Transport Forum, 2010). However, the sustainability of lithium procurement will influence the overall environmental impact of this proposed “green” solution. It is estimated that 66% of the world’s lithium resource is contained in natural brines, 24% in pegmatites, and 8% in sedimentary rocks such as hectorite clays (Gruber et al., 2011). It has been shown that “[r]ecycling of lithium from Li-ion batteries may be a critical factor in balancing the supply of lithium with future demand” (Gruber et al., 2011). In an attempt to quantify energy and materials consumption associated with production of a unit of useful lithium compounds, industry reports and peer-reviewed scientific literature concerning lithium mining and lithium recycling were reviewed and compared. Other aspects of sustainability, such as waste or by-products produced in the production of a unit of useful lithium, were also explored. Thus, this paper will serve to further the evaluation of the comparative environmental consequences associated with lithium production via extraction versus recycling. Efficiencies must be made in both processes to maximize productivity while minimizing ecological harm.