Caracterização de solos do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape no Estado de São Paulo através de índices de relevo

Através de índices de relevo, obtidos a partir de amostras circulares sobre carta topográfica planialtimétrica na escala 1:50.000, fez-se a caracterização de cinco unidades de solo, ocorrentes no Vale do Ribeira de Iguape no Estado de São Paulo e também testou-se a eficiência dos índices na discriminação desses solos. Os índices de relevo empregados foram a declividade média, a amplitude altimétrica máxima e o comprimento médio das vertentes. Os cinco solos estudados foram: a) Latossolo Amarelo álico - LAa (unidade PariqUera); b) Podzôlico Vermelho-Amarelo Latossólico álico - PVLa-1 (unidade Taquaruçu); c)Podzólico Vermelho Amarelo Latossólico álico - PVLa-2 (unidade Arataca);d)Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo álico - PVa (unidade Vapamirim); e) Cambissolo álico - Ca-2 (unidade Canfilito). Os índices de relevo possibilitaram a caracterização e discriminação dos solos estudados, sendo mais eficientes na distinção entre as cinco unidades os índices amplitude altimétrica máxima e declividade média.

Lutzomyia longipalpis abundance in the city of Posadas, northeastern Argentina: variations at different spatial scales

The distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis is heterogeneous with a pattern of high abundance areas (HAAs) embedded in a matrix of low abundance areas (LAAs). The objective of this study was to describe the variability in the abundance of Lu. longipalpis at two different spatial levels and to analyse the relationship between the abundance and multiple environmental variables. Of the environmental variables analysed in each household, the condition that best explained the differences in vector abundance between HAA-LAA was the variable "land_grass", with greater average values in the peridomestic environments within the LAA, and the variables "#sp tree", "#pots" and "dist_water" that were higher in the HAA. Of the environmental variables analysed in the patches, the variable "unpaved_streets" was higher in the LAAs and the variable "prop_inf_dogs" was higher in the HAAs. An understanding of the main environmental variables that influence the vector distribution could contribute to the development of strategies for the prevention and control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This is the first work in which environmental variables are analysed at the micro-scale in urban areas at the southern edge of the current range of Lu. longipalpis. Our results represent a significant contribution to the understanding of the abundance of the vector in the peridomestic habitats of the region.

Quantificação dos isômeros ácido L-ascórbico e ácido D-iso-ascórbico em geleias de frutas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência

Ascorbic acid has important nutritional characteristics such as high antioxidant potential, preventing diverse damage and diseases in the tissues and the process of aging. Different isomeric forms of the ascorbic acid can be found in nature and each one have different potential antioxidant and different activity pro-vitamin C. This work examined a method to detect and quantify the isomers L-ascorbic acid (LAA) and D-iso-ascorbic acid (DIAA) in jelly fruit. The method showed acceptable selectivity, linearity, repeatability and recovery. DIAA was not found in the analyzed samples, but LAA was found up to 605 mg in 100 g of sample.