Assessment of hydrochemical quality of ground water under some urban areas within sana'a secreteriat

Groundwater from nine wells of three different districts, located at Sana'a secretariat was analyzed for hydrochemical quality assessment. Measurements of water quality parameters including pH, EC, CO3(2-), HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, SO4(2-), Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, K+, and Na+ were carried out . Classification of the groundwater samples according to Cl, SO4(2-), CO3(2-) and HCO3-, hardness (H), total dissolved solids (TDS), base-exchange, and meteoric genesis was demonstrated. Suitability of ground water samples for irrigation and industrial uses according to sodium adsorption ration (SAR), ratio of dissolved sodium (RDS), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and saturation index (SI) was also investigated. The results of this study showed that almost all ground water samples were of good quality that makes them suitable for drinking and domestic uses. Results also indicated that even though some of the ground water samples were suitable for irrigation purposes, almost all of them were found not be good for industrial uses. Despite all drawbacks of the sewerage system built around Sana'a secretariat at the beginning of the first decade of the third millennium, the results of this study indicate that there is scope of significant improvement in Sana'a secretariat ground water quality.

Folha, talo e bulbo de alho (Allium sativum): Alguns efeitos farmacológicos "In Vivo"

Alguns efeitos farmacológicos da folha, talo e bulbo do alho foram investigados. Os extratos foram preparados por triturarão em solução etanólica 50%. Após evaporação a concentração final foi ajustada para 100 mg sólidos/ml. A dose utilizada foi de 1 g sólidos/kg por via oral. Vários efeitos (discretos) foram observados em comundongos, tais como diarréia, ptose e piloereção. Em ratos observou-se efeito hipoglicêmico do bulbo, efeitos analgésicos e hiperalgésicos dos três extratos e em ratos com hipertensão espontânea (mas não em ratos normotensos) um pronuciado efeito antihipertensivo de longa duração.

Efeitos antihipertensor e diurético de alguns alimentos de origem vegetal

Nove extratos de plantas amplamente utilizadas como alimento tem sido investigados sobre seus efeitos diurético e antihipertensor em ratos. Os efeitos diuréticos foram moderados. Três extratos (oliveira, alho e manjericão) diminuiram a pressão arterial durante várias horas. O agrião mostrou um efeito hipertensor. Conclui-se que alimentos de origem vegetal podem produzir efeitos importantes sobre a pressão arterial em ratos.

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on wild animals from the Porto-Primavera Hydroelectric power station area, Brazil

From June 2000 to June 2001, a total of 741 ticks were collected from 51 free-living wild animals captured at the Porto-Primavera Hydroelectric power station area, located alongside an approximately 180 km course of the Paraná river, between the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, comprising 9 species of 3 genera: Ambly-omma (7 species), Boophilus (1) and Anocentor (1). A total of 421 immature Amblyomma ticks were reared in laboratory until the adult stage, allowing identification of the species. A. cajennense was the most frequent tick species (mostly immature stages) collected on 9 host species: Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Tamandua tetradactyla,Cerdocyon thous, Puma concolor,Tayassu tajacu, Mazama gouazoubira,Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris,Alouatta caraya, Cebus apella. Other tick species were less common, generally restricted to certain host taxa.