655 resultados para Northern Minas Gerais
em Scielo Saúde Pública - SP
Resumo:
The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of using two health education approaches on knowledge of transmission and prevention of schistosomiasis of school children living in a rural endemic area in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The 87 children participating in the study were divided into three groups based on gender, age and presence or absence of Schistosoma mansoni infection. In the first group the social representation model and illness experience was used. In the second group, we used the cognitive model based on the transmission of information. The third group, the control group, did not receive any information related to schistosomiasis. Ten meetings were held with all three groups that received a pre-test prior to the beginning of the educational intervention and a post-test after the completion of the program. The results showed that knowledge levels in Group 1 increased significantly during the program in regard to transmission (p = 0.038) and prevention (p = 0.001) of schistosomiasis. Groups 2 and 3 did not show significant increase in knowledge between the two tests. These results indicate that health education models need to consider social representation and illness experience besides scientific knowledge in order to increase knowledge of schistosomiasis transmission and prevention.
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In order to produce useful knowledge to the initiatives of protection and management of forest fragments, more specifically for tropical dry forests which suffer with frequent anthropic activities, and due to the lack of specific studies, this article aimed describe the structure and the floristic similarity among three areas of dry forest with different management histories. The study was developed in Capitão Enéas municipality, Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil, where three fragments were evaluated, being one in regeneration for 30 years, another submitted to occasional fire and the third with selective cut in small scale. The sampling was developed through the point quarter method considering all the alive phanerophyte individuals with circumference at breast height (CBH) > 15 cm. In the three fragments, 512 individuals, distributed in 60 species, 47 genera, and 23 families were sampled. The most representative families were Fabaceae (26), Anacardiaceae (4), Bignoniaceae (3) and Combretaceae (3). However, fourteen families were represented by only one species. Only eight species were common to all fragments - Myracrodruon urundeuva standed out with 26.9% of all sampled individuals - while a great number of species were exclusive of each fragment. The floristic and structural differences between the fragments are possibly related to the history and intensity of management in each area besides the topography variations and the presence or absence of limestone outcrops. These results show the importance of each fragment, indicating that the loss of anyone would cause negative impacts on the regional flora and consequently to the associated biodiversity.
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ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to morphologically characterize fruits of the babassu palm tree (Attalea vitrivir) and to estimate their productivity in the north of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Twenty mature fruits were collected from 10 plants in three different areas in Januária, Minas Gerais. Eighteen biometric parameters of the fruits were measured, the oil contents of the seeds was determined, the adherence to normal distribution was evaluated, distribution frequencies were evaluated and the effects of individuals and areas on the variables and the correlations between them were analyzed. The production of fruit bunches per plant and the number of fruits per bunch from 10 plants were quantified in three areas and the potential production under both natural harvesting and cultivation conditions were estimated. Significant differences were found among all of the biometric parameters examined between the different individuals and the different areas, which shows wide morphological variability in the fruits. The average oil content was 45.7%, but with significant differences among individuals. The observed variability favors the selection of productive individuals in genetic improvement programs. The potential productivity of endocarps and oil based on a density of 400/plants per hectare would be respectively 6.4 and 1.2 tons/ha, which indicates the possibility of using A. vitrivir for producing charcoal, bio fuels, and for carbon fixation.
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INTRODUCTION: To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of pregnant women and children treated at a reference outpatient clinic for congenital toxoplasmosis. METHODS: Pregnant women potentially exposed to Toxoplasma gondii were observed. Diagnoses were made using serologic tests compatible with acute toxoplasmosis. Children presenting with: Toxoplasma-specific antibodies (IgM or IgA or ascending IgG titers higher than maternal titers in the first 3 months of life) coupled with toxoplasmosis symptoms; intracranial calcifications (by transfontanelar ultrasound or cephalic segment tomography); or retinochoroiditis (by fundoscopy examination) in the first 8 months of life were also included in the study. RESULTS: Fifty-eight mother-child pairs were observed (mean age of the mothers was 22.1 years). Most patients lived in urban areas (86.2%) and had attended less than 8 years of school (51.7%). Diagnosis was made after birth in 19 (32.8%) children. Thirty-four (58.6%) women received some type of treatment during pregnancy. Most (72.4%) of the children did not present with clinical alterations at birth. The main findings were ophthalmological: 20 (34.5%) children with retinochoroiditis, 17 (29.3%) with strabismus, and 7 (12.1%) with nystagmus. Of the children with retinochoroiditis, 9 presented with subnormal vision. Ten (32.3%) out of 31 children presented with intracranial calcifications by cephalic segment congenital toxoplasmosis, and 9 (42.9%) children presented with delayed psychomotor development. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight a critical situation. Protocols for follow-up of pregnant women and their children must be created to improve medical care and minimize sequelae.
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Introduction Triatoma sordida is the most captured Triatomine species in the Brazilian artificial environment. In 2008, the discovery of three Triatomine populations with altered susceptibilities to deltamethrin highlighted the importance of investigating the genetic potential for resistance in triatomines. The purpose of this study was to characterize the susceptibility to deltamethrin of peridomestic T. sordida populations in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A susceptibility reference lineage derived from Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil was used. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied to the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed mortality in response to a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 of the susceptibility reference lineage. Results Susceptibility profile characterization of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios (RR50s) ranging from 0.42 to 3.94. The percentage mortality in response to the diagnostic dose varied from 70% to 100%. A comparison of the results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative assays demonstrated a lack of correspondence for some populations. Conclusions We demonstrated that only T. sordida populations that present a RR50>1.0 have altered susceptibility, and the execution of simultaneous field and laboratory tests is required to understand the actual effect of vector control. A possible cause of the observed resistance ratios might be the continuous use of pyrethroids in Brazil since the 1980s.
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The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of intestinal parasites and commensals among children in four peripheral districts located in the northern, southern, eastern and western sectors of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, using the Baermann methods as modified by Moraes and Lutz. Out of 160 individuals studied, 93 (58.1% CI: 50.4-65.7) were infected, distributed among the sectors as follows: northern (72.5%), southern (47.5%), eastern (57.5%) and western (55%). The positive findings according to age groups were: 0-5 years (26.9%), 5-10 years (21.2%) and 10-15 years (10%). Male children presented 2.7 times higher risk of infection than females did (OR: 2.7; CI: 1052-7001). The parasites and commensals identified were: Giardia lamblia (27.5%), Entamoeba coli (20.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (14.4%), Enterobius vermicularis (8.8%), Hymenolepis nana (7.5%), Hymenolepis diminuta (5%), hookworms (3.1%), Trichuris trichiura (2.5%), Endolimax nana (2.5%), Entamoeba hartmanni (2.5%), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.3%), Iodamoeba butschlii (1.3%) and Capillaria hepatica (0.6%). The infection rate in these children was high and showed the need to implement prophylactic education programs in the community.
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Introduction This work aimed to analyze the triatomine infestation scenario in Jaboticatubas after 30 years of the uninterrupted actions of the Program of Chagas Disease Control. Methods From 2007 to 2010, household unit infestation was researched, and an exploratory analysis of the localities infested with Panstrongylus megistus was performed. Results In total, 613 triatomines were captured in 78 households, the majority of which were Panstrongylus megistus and were captured mainly in chicken houses, but they were also found to be colonizing human houses. Conclusions The epidemiological importance of Panstrongylus megistus was confirmed in Jaboticatubas, and capability to colonize indoors has been demonstrated, as has its proximity to humans. Its distribution is aggregated in the northern and in central-eastern regions of the municipality.
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The objective of the present paper was to compare accessibility and utilisation of schistosomiasis diagnostic and treatment services in a small village and the surrounding rural area in northern part of the state of Minas Gerais Brazil. The study included 1,228 individuals: 935 central village residents and 293 rural residents of São Pedro do Jequitinhonha. Schistosoma mansoni infection rates were significantly higher in the central village than in the rural area during a survey in 2007 (44.3% and 23.5%, respectively) and during the 2002 schistosomiasis case-finding campaign (33.1% and 26.5%, respectively) (p < 0.001). However, during the 2002-2006 period, only 23.7% of the villagers and 27% of the rural residents obtained tests on their own from health centres, hospitals and private clinics in various nearby towns. In 2007, 63% of the villagers and 70.5% of the rural residents reported never having received treatment for schistosomiasis. This paper reveals considerable variation in the accessibility and utilisation of schistosomiasis-related health services between the central village and the rural area. A combination of low utilisation rates between 2002-2006 and persistently high S. mansoni infection rates suggest that the schistosomiasis control program must be more rapidly incorporated into the primary health services.
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Durante os meses de março e abril de 2007 foi verificada a presença do gênero Toxorhynchites (Diptera, Culicidae) em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil. No experimento foram utilizadas 500 armadilhas de oviposição. Registrando-se, pela primeira vez na região de Viçosa o gênero Toxorhynchites, sendo as espécies T. pusillus (Costa Lima, 193 1) e T. theobaldi (Dyar & Knab, 1906) encontradas pela primeira vez no Estado de Minas Gerais. As espécies relatadas como primeiro registro e sua distribuição são citadas e discutidas.
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Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, a caracterização fitossociológica em áreas de microbacias representativas da rede hidrográfica do Médio Vale do Rio Doce, Estado de Minas Gerais. Para isso, foram selecionadas cinco áreas de microbacias protegidas pelo Estado, localizadas, respectivamente nos municípios de Governador Valadares, Mutum, Resplendor, São Geraldo do Baixio e Taparuba. Foram identificadas 62 espécies distribuídas em 20 famílias, destacando-se Poaceae, Asteraceae e Malvaceae. Entre as áreas, constatou-se grande variação na distribuição das espécies, sendo a maior riqueza observada no município de Resplendor. Entre as espécies, as que mais se destacaram foram Pyrostegia venusta e Baccharis trinervis. Maior similaridade foi observada entre as áreas dos municípios de São Geraldo do Baixio e Governador Valadares (36,36%). Observou-se discrepância acentuada entre as áreas, em função da ocupação agrícola, sugerindo manejo diferenciado de recuperação para cada microbacia.
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A ausência de sementes em frutos cítricos é uma característica altamente desejável e há demanda crescente por esses frutos, por consumidores mais exigentes. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se, avaliar algumas características físicoquímicas dos frutos de oito variedades apirênicas, recém-introduzidas na Zona da Mata Mineira. Avaliaram-se cinco frutos de cada uma das três plantas que compõem cada acesso no matrizeiro. Os frutos foram colhidos e levados ao laboratório, onde foram determinados a coloração da casca e polpa, altura e diâmetro do fruto, espessura da casca, presença de granulação, contagem do número de gomos, rendimento de suco, ATT, SST e ratio (SST/ATT). As variedades 'Okitsu' e 'Ortanique' apresentaram melhor coloração de casca e polpa. A granulação foi observada em 'Okitsu', 'Clemenules', 'Nova' e 'Marisol'. 'Salustiana', 'Navelina' e 'Ortanique' apresentaram os melhores rendimentos de suco e ausência total de granulação. Os maiores teores de SST e ATT foram observados em 'Salustiana' e 'Clemenules'. O ratio, no intervalo considerado adequado, foi observado nas variedades 'Navelina' e 'Navelate', caracterizando a melhor adaptação. 'Ortanique' teve bom desempenho em todas as características avaliadas, exceto no ratio, por sua baixa acidez. As variedades 'Navelina', 'Navelate' e 'Ortanique', no conjunto geral das características, foram as que apresentaram frutos de melhor qualidade.
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Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta da cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L), cv. Carioca Precoce, à adubação com nitrogênio (N) e fósforo (P), cultivado no norte de Minas Gerais. O experimento foi realizado na safra do inverno-primavera de 2008, com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados e três repetições. Os tratamentos foram organizados segundo esquema fatorial 4x4, sendo quatro doses de N: 0, 70, 140 e 210 kg ha-1 e quatro doses de P: 0, 100, 200 e 300 kg ha-1 de P2O5. A ureia e o superfosfato simples foram utilizados como fontes de N e P, respectivamente. O incremento das doses do fertilizante nitrogenado reduziu linearmente o estande inicial de plantas de feijão, sem influência das doses de fósforo. O número de vagens por planta foi o único componente de rendimento influenciado pela aplicação dos fertilizantes, unicamente para doses de N, com número máximo na dose de 108 kg ha-1 de N. Houve resposta quadrática da produtividade de grãos às diferentes doses de N e P, sendo a máxima produtividade (1.528 kg ha-1) alcançada com 98 kg ha-1 de N e 201 kg ha-1 de P, sem haver interação entre eles.
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Avaliou-se o desempenho do feijão-mungo-verde, semeado no inverno, na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, a 400 (Oratórios) e 720 m (Coimbra) de altitude. Dez genótipos foram semeados no final de julho, ou no início de agosto, no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Irrigações por aspersão complementaram as chuvas. A primeira vagem amadureceu aos 73,3 (Oratórios) e aos 79,9 dias após a emergência (DAE) (Coimbra). A altura das plantas foi maior em Oratórios (62,4 cm) do que em Coimbra (37,1 cm). Em Coimbra, doenças causadas por Erysiphe polygoni e Ascochita sp. foram moderadas. Em Oratórios, foram feitas três colheitas entre 81 e 94 DAE; em Coimbra, duas: 88 e 100 DAE. As produtividades médias foram de 1093 (Oratórios) e 801 kg/ha (Coimbra). As sementes colhidas em Oratórios apresentaram aspecto ótimo ou bom; em Coimbra, bom ou regular. Concluímos que o plantio do feijão-mungo-verde no inverno, em altitudes entre 400 e 720 m, proporciona produtividades relativamente modestas, especialmente a 720 m, onde as condições climáticas favorecem algumas doenças.
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As espécies do gênero Eucalyptus são as mais utilizadas no setor florestal graças, principalmente, ao seu rápido crescimento e à sua boa adaptação às diferentes condições de solo e de clima, no Brasil. Entretanto, alguns insetos podem-se tornar pragas dessa espécie florestal, como é o caso de Compsosoma perpulchrum (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), que apresenta registro roletando árvores de E. grandis no Paraná. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o dano de C. perpulchrum em plantio comercial de eucalipto, no município de Paula Cândido-MG. Em março de 2008, foi vistoriado o plantio, cujas árvores e galhos roletados foram mensurados. As árvores danificadas eram de E. urophylla e a maioria dos roletamentos ocorreram no terço mediano. O comprimento e o diâmetro dos galhos roletados foram de 0,94±0,04m e de 0,90±0,06cm, respectivamente. O comprimento da faixa de roletamento foi 3,63±0,18cm. C. perpulchrum roleta a parte média das árvores de E. urophylla, causando perda da sua dominância apical. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência desse serrador, danificando plantio comercial de E. urophylla no Estado de Minas Gerais.
Resumo:
O estudo das interrelações entre profundidade do solo e o substrato geológico de uma área é importante para a compreensão da gênese do solo e seus atributos físicos, químicos e morfológicos, constituindo-se em importante ferramenta para avaliar a influência das características do material de origem no grau de intemperismo e, consequentemente, na profundidade do perfil do solo. Com o objetivo de estabelecer essas relações, levantaram-se informações detalhadas quanto aos aspectos geológicos, como: litotipos, constituição, minerais principais, textura, granulação e cor das rochas das regiões de Cocais, Rio Doce, Sabinópolis, Virginópolis e Santa Bárbara, em Minas Gerais, bem como suas classes de solos e a profundidade de aparecimento dos horizontes B/C ou C. Essas relações foram obtidas por meio de um sistema geográfico de informações e de uma análise estatística simples entre os litotipos e profundidade dos solos. A partir dessas relações foi possível agrupar os valores médios de profundidade do solo de acordo com o material de origem, propiciando uma análise de agrupamento pelo método de minimização da variância (CLUSTERMV-SAEG), utilizando-se a distância euclidiana média. Os resultados indicam que materiais bandados em relação a rochas maciças estão relacionados com perfis mais profundos, da mesma forma que rochas com granulação mais grossa têm maior capacidade de intemperização e, portanto, estão relacionadas com solos mais profundos.