Ilusão desfeita: a "aliança especial" Brasil-Estados Unidos e o poder naval brasileiro durante e após a Segunda Guerra Mundial

O americanismo foi a principal idéia norteadora da diplomacia brasileira na primeira metade do século XX. Os anos 40 constituíram o apogeu e o declínio desta idéia. A análise da política naval brasileira no período mostra o quanto ela foi influenciada pela aliança formal com os Estados Unidos dos tempos de guerra, e como se sonhou que a supremacia naval do Brasil no cone sul seria atingida como auxílio norte-americano. O fracasso desta política, entretanto, foi explicitado logo no início dos anos 50. A idéia da aliança especial contaminou todos os elementos inerentes ao poder nacional, e o caso da Marinha do Brasil serve para referendar este achado.

Terrorism as war by other means: national security and state support for terrorism

The conventional approach in the discipline of International Relations is to treat terrorist organizations as "non-state" actors of international relations. However, this approach is problematic due to the fact that most terrorist organizations are backed or exploited by some states. In this article, I take issue with the non-stateness of terrorist organizations and seek to answer the question of why so many states, at times, support terrorist organizations. I argue that in the face of rising threats to national security in an age of devastating wars, modern nation states tend to provide support to foreign terrorist organizations that work against their present and imminent enemies. I elaborate on my argument studying three cases of state support for terrorism: Iranian support for Hamas, Syrian support for the PKK, and American support for the MEK. The analyses suggest that, for many states, terror is nothing but war by other means.

India, Latin America, and the Caribbean during the Cold War

In this period, the key to the relationship between India and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) was based in the political nature of this liaison: it was a "uni-multilateral" relationship, centered in India, where LAC countries operated as a group of autonomous entities (an "island chain" structure), and not as a unit of a supranational character with unified international conduct (an island structure). As we will see, faced with uniform and consistent Indian policies, LAC had national policies which make it impossible to discuss a regional policy towards India. The goal of this work is to form a general characterization of the bilateral policies during the period of the Cold War with the intent of identifying the key explanatory factors of the process. While this may be a limited objective, it addresses the non-existence of an academic debate surrounding the topic. We intend to contribute an analysis which in this phase is primarily descriptive.

Rio Branco, grand strategy and naval power

This article addresses Baron of Rio Branco's grand strategy and the role played by the naval reorganization program (1904-1910) in this context. The ensuing case study determined the domestic and international constraints that affected the program, as well as the worldview of the patron of Brazilian diplomacy regarding military power's instrumentality to foreign policy.

Focusing illusion in satisfaction with life among college students living in Brazil

Literature shows that there are significant associations between health and happiness. Various countries are considering, contemplating or formally incorporating the happiness variable into their public health policies. Moreover, the private sector has shown interest in the topic. Based on that This article examines the biases in the perception of satisfaction with life among young adults in two Brazilian cities. The study explores the associations between aspects of life and perception of happiness because public policies associated with happiness require an improved understanding of the subjectivity of the sense of well-being. A survey conducted among 368 college students enabled analysis through Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and linear regression. The results suggest that, although there were no significant differences in general satisfaction with life between the two cities, there were indications of focusing illusion in the perception of happiness caused by expectations arising from the feeling of personal insecurity in a metropolis.

Razão nitrogênio ureico/creatinina (N U/C) em indivíduos de famílias que apresentaram consumo satisfatório e insatisfatório de proteínas

A razão nitrogênio ureico/creatinina (N u/c) foi medida em indivíduos de ambos os sexos nos grupos de 3 a 10 anos, 11 a 15 anos e acima de 15 anos de idade, em uma amostra das populações das comunidades de Vila de Icapara, Pontal do Ribeira e diaristas de Iguape, localizadas no litoral sul de São Paulo, no Vale do Ribeira. Foi calculada a adequação do consumo de proteínas entre as famílias, através dos resultados de um inquérito alimentar feito pelo método das pesagens. Partiu-se da hipótese de que haveria maior proporção de indivíduos com a razão N u/c maior ou igual a 5 nas famílias que apresentaram consumo proteico maior ou igual a 80,0% de adequação; através do teste chi2; 0,05, obteve-se uma associação entre a adequação do consumo de proteínas nas famílias e a razão N u/c nos indivíduos das respectivas famílias.