New brazilian predaceous midges of the genus Monohelea Kieffer, and redescription of M. guaimiesi (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Two new Brazilian species of Monohelea Kieffer, M. affinis and M. roraimensis are described and illustrated, and a redescription of M. guiaimiesi Lane & Wirth is given.

Cat��logo das cole����es entomol��gicas da Faculdade de Sa��de P��blica da Universidade de S��o Paulo (1.a s��rie): Ceratopogonidae, Psychodidae, Simuliidae

Fam��lia CERATOPOGONIDAE: G��nero Alluaudomyia Kieffer, 1913; G��nero Atrichopogon Kieffer, 1906; G��nero Bezzia Kieffer, 1899; G��nero Calyptopogon Kieffer, 1910; G��nero Ceratobezzia Kieffer, 1917; G��nero Clinohelea Kieffer, 1917; G��nero Culicoides Latreille, 1809; G��nero Dasyhelea Kieffer, 1911; G��nero Dicrobezzia Kieffer, 1919; G��nero Dicrohele Lane & Wirth, 1961; G��nero Echinohele Macfie, 1942; G��nero Forcipomya Meigen, 1818; G��nero Heteromyia Say, 1825; G��nero Lasiohelea (Kieffer, 1921); G��nero Leptocanops Skuse, 1889; G��nero Macfiehelea Lane, 1946; G��nero Macropeza Meigen, 1818; G��nero Monohelea Kieffer, 1917; G��nero Nilobezzia Kieffer, 1921; G��nero Pachyhelea Wirth, 1959; G��nero Palpomyia Meigen, 1818; G��nero Parabezzia Malloch, 1915; G��nero Paryphoconus Enderlein, 1912; G��nero Sphaeromias Curtis, 1829; G��nero Stenoxenus Coquillett, 1899; G��nero Stilobezzia Kieffer, 1911; Familia PSYCHODIDAE: G��nero Bruchomyia Alexander, 1920; G��nero Phlebotomus Rondani, 1840; Fam��lia SIMULIIDAE: G��nero Eusimulium Roubaud, 1906; G��nero Lutzsimulium d'Andretta & d'Andretta, 1947; G��nero Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906; G��nero Simulium Latreille, 1802.

Estudo sobre os Ceratopogon��deos de Minas Gerais: I - Descri����o dos machos de Heteromyia chaquensis Duret & Lane, 1955 e Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)

This paper describes some results of a systematic survey of the Ceratopogonidae midges of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Three species, Stilobezzia punctulata Lane, 1947, Heteromyia chaquensis Duret & Lane, 1955 and Dasyhelea paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957 were identified from a small lake, "Lagoinha" or "Olhos d'��gua", near to the main lake of Lagoa Santa. The first descriptions of the males of Heteromyia chaquensis and Dasyhelea paulistana are presented.

Two new neotropical species of Monohelea Kieffer and Downeshelea Wirth & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratipogonidae)

Two new Neotropical predaceous midges are described and illustrated, Downeshelea charrua from Uruguay, and Monohelea bidenata from Argentina. The first species is described from female and male specimens; only one male is know from the second.

A New Neotropical Species of Monohelea Kieffer from Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

A new species of Monohelea Kieffer, M. uruguayensis, is described and illustrated from a male specimen from Uruguay

A new species of predaceous midge of the genus Monohelea Kieffer from Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

A description and illustrations of Monohelea maya, new species, based on male and female characteristics are provided. The specimens were collected in the special biosphere Reserves of Ria Lagartos and Ria Celestun, Yucatan State, Mexico.

Sinopse do g��nero Phacellocerina Lane, 1964 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Anisocerini)

Synopsis of the genus Phacellocerina Lane, 1964 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Anisocerini). The genus Phacellocerina Lane, 1964 and P. limosa (Bates, 1862) (type species) are redescribed; P. silvanae sp. nov. is described from Colombia (Santa Marta). A key to the species is added.

Interfer��ncia do acido asc��rbico na determina����o de a����cares redutores pelo m��todo de Lane e Eynon

Two studies, both set up as completely randomized design, in a 5x5 and 7x5 factorial schemes, evaluated the interference of 5 and 7 ascorbic acid concentrations and 5 glucose or 5 sucrose concentrations, respectively, on the determination of total and reducing sugars by Lane and Eynon method. The ascorbic acid reducing power (AARP) over the Fehling liquor interfered in the results of total and reducing sugars. On average the AARP was equivalent to 74.83 and 69.71% of the reducing power of glucose and of hydrolyzed sucrose, respectively. The ascorbic acid was stable in all study conditions.

Color change and quality response of ‘lane late’ orange submitted to degreening process

This study aimed at evaluating the effects of ethylene on peel color and compositional changes in ‘Lane late’ orange stored under refrigerated and ambient conditions. Physiologically mature, but green-peeled, oranges were exposed to ethylene gas under room temperature and high relative humidity for 24 hours. Storage chamber was ventilated with fresh air after 12 hours to mitigate consequences derived from fruit respiration. Both nondestructive analysis, such as peel color (hue angle, chromaticity, and brightness) and weight loss, and destructive ones (soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids to acidity ratio, and puncture force) were performed upon harvest, after degreening, and every three days during eighteen days in storage. Experiment was carried out using an entirely randomized design with thirty replications for nondestructive and four replications for destructive analyses, in a split plot scheme. Exposure to ethylene ensured a golden yellow peel for both fruit stored under ambient and refrigerated conditions. High relative humidity, associated with low temperature prevented fruit from losing moisture. Fruit exposure to ethylene did not affect weight loss, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, acidity ratio, or puncture force.

Cat��logo das cole����es entomol��gicas da Faculdade de Sa��de P��blica da Universidade de S��o Paulo - (2�� S��rie II): Culicidae

Subfam��lia ANOPHELINAE: G��nero Anopheles Meigen, 1818; Subfam��lia CULICINAE: Tribo AEDEOMYIINI: G��nero Aedeomyia Theobald, 1901; Tribo AEDINI: G��nero Aedes Meigen, 1818; G��nero Haemagogus Williston, 1896; G��nero Psorophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827; Tribo CULICINI: G��nero Culex Linnaeus, 1758; G��nero Deinocerites Theobald, 1901; Tribo MANSONIINI: G��nero Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905; G��nero Mansonia Blanchard, 1901; Tribo ORTHO-PODOMYIINI: G��nero Orthopodomyia Theobald, 1904; Tribo SABETHINI: G��nero Limatus Theobald, 1901; G��nero Phoniomyia Theobald, 1903; G��nero Runchomyia Theobald, 1903; G��nero Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827; G��nero Shannoniana Lane e Cerqueira, 1942; G��nero Trichoprosopon Theobald, 1901; G��nero Wyeomyia Theobald, 1901; Tribo URANOTAENIINI: G��nero Uranotaenia Lynch Arribalzaga, 1891.

Novas sinon��mias e corre����es em Simulium com a revalida����o de S. pruinosum Lutz, 1904 (Culicomorpha, Simuliidae)

Consideram-se Simulium antunesi (Lane & Porto, 1940), S. mauense Nunes de Mello, 1974 e S. nilesi Rambajam, 1979 sinon��mias de Simulium perflavum Roubaud, 1906; S. sucamense Nunes de Mello, 1974 e S. santaelenae Ramirez-P��rez & Peterson, 1981 sinon��mias de S. (Psilopelmia) iracouboense Floch & Abonnenc, 1946; S. major Lane & Porto, 1940 sinon��mia S. (Helmicnetha) rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. Ressalta-se a utiliza����o err��nea do nome Grenierella para o subg��nero Grenieriella Vargas & N��jera, 1951. Simulium (G.) pruinosum Lutz, 1910 �� revalidada, e sugere-se que S. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838 volte a ocupar a posi����o de species inquirendae.

Sugar content in liquid oral medicines for children

The most sold and/or prescribed liquid oral medicines for children in Tubar��o, Southern Brazil, were assessed. Their sugar concentration was tested and compared to those in their directions for use. All pharmacies and pediatricians working in the city were visited by a previously trained interviewer. Pre-tested questionnaires were applied in order to assess the most sold pediatric as well as the most prescribed pediatric liquid oral medicines. Three samples of each medicine were analyzed by Lane-Eynon general volumetric method. Among the 14 most sold/prescribed medicines only four did not have sugar contents (analgesic, cortisone, and syrups). Sugar concentration ranged from 8.59 g/100 g of drug (SD=0.29 g/100 g) to 67.0 g/100 g of drug (SD=6.07 g/100 g). Only 50.0% of the total medicines that presented sugar in their ingredients showed this information in their directions.

On the finding of biomphalaria tenagophila naturally infected with Schistosoma mansoni in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Natural infection in Biomphalaria tenagophila with Schistosoma mansoni was observed for the first time in a small area, in Jaboticatubas, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In view of this finding, the Authors decided to carry out some detailed investigations, since B. glabrata has been known as the vector snail of schistosomiasis in that State. B. tenagophila was found naturally infected throughout the investigation period (15 months). Strains of the snail and of the parasite were isolated four times, and then maintained at the laboratory through B. tenagophila �� hamster passages. The possibilities of B. tenagophila to play a role in the epidemiology of the human disease in the State of Minas Gerais, in the future, are discussed.

Sensibility of different larval stages of Schistosoma mansoni to the Larvae Disappearing Reaction (LDR) in murine schistosomiasis

The delay produced by drug, in the process of cercaria-schistosomulum transformation, was used to verify the sensibility of different larval stages to the host cell immune responses, in vivo. The peritoneal cavity of mice, a model used for in vivo observations, was choiced for the experiments. As well characterized schistosomules, cercariae and larvae in the process of transformation were coated and arrested by host cells, and could not be recovered by simple saline washings. After 10-��M EDTA saline washings, they were released alive, with good vitality and movements. Thus, different kind of larvae in the process of adaptation of the cercaria to the host are strongly coated by immune cells, but these fail to kill the invading organisms, at least during a few hours after invasion.

Kinectics of the pulmonary phase of Schistosoma mansoni in mice treated with dexamethasone

In the experimental schistosomiasis mansoni glucocorticoids cause a reduction in the worm burden when administered in the week of infection or, the longest, at the next week. In order to determinate the probable(s) site(s) of reduction of the worm burden, mice were infected with cercariae of LE strain of S. mansoni and dexamethasone was administered daily (50 mg/kg, subcutaneously) starting 1 hour before infection until the eighth day. Mice were sacrificed daily starting on the third day after infection until the ninth day, and schistosomula from lungs were collected. Six weeks after infection, the remaining mice were sacrificed and perfused for adult worm recovery. Analysis of the results showed that the non-treated mice presented larger numbers of lung larvae than the treated ones, and this difference was also found later in the worm burden in the portal system. This difference may reflect the early death of larvae in treated animals, before or after reaching the lungs.