Sonolência diurna e habilidades sociais em estudantes de medicina

A prática médica depende de um repertório de competências sociais que permitem ao médico desenvolver empatia, habilidades de comunicação, pensamento crítico, capacidade de liderança e tomada de decisões. Nosso objetivo foi analisar as habilidades sociais e a presença de sonolência diurna entre estudantes de Medicina nos quatro primeiros anos do curso. Os estudantes (n = 180) responderam ao Inventário de Habilidades Sociais de Del Prette & Del Prette e à Escala de Sonolência Diurna. Observou-se que não houve diferença dos escores de habilidades sociais nos diferentes anos do curso e que 47,3% dos estudantes apresentaram escores baixos, necessitando de aprimoramento. Estudantes do sexo feminino apresentaram maior autocontrole da agressividade. Entre os estudantes, 50% apresentaram sonolência diurna, cuja presença se associou a menores escores de habilidades sociais, principalmente do fator relativo à autoexposição a desconhecidos ou a situações novas.

Evaluation of resistance in a selected field strain of Haemonchus contortus to ivermectin and moxidectin using the Larval Migration on Agar Test

Haemonchus contortus is one of the most common and economically significant causes of disease in small ruminants worldwide, and the control programs of parasitic nematodes - including H. contortus - rely mostly on the use of anthelmintic drugs. The consequence of the use of this, as the sole sanitary strategy to avoid parasite infections, was the reduction of the efficacy of all chemotherapeutic products with a heavy selection for resistance. The widespread of anthelmintic resistance and the difficulty of its early diagnosis has been a major concern for the sustainable parasite management on farms. The objective of this research was to determine and compare the ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MOX) effect in a selected field strain of H. contortus with a known resistance status, using the in vitro larval migration on agar test (LMAT). Third stage larvae of the selected isolate were obtained from faecal cultures of experimentally infected sheep and incubated in eleven increasing diluted concentrations of IVM and MOX (6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192, 384, 768, 1536, 3072 and 6144µg/mL). The dose-response sigmoidal curves were obtained using the R² value of >0.90 and the lethal concentration (LC50) dose for the tested anthelmintic drugs using a four-parameter logistic model. The LC50 value for MOX was significantly lower than IVM (1.253µg/mL and 91.06µg/mL), identifying the H. contortus isolate as considerably less susceptible to IVM compared to MOX. Furthermore, the LMAT showed a high consistency (p<0.0001) and provided to be a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring the resistance status of IVM and MOX in H. contortus field isolate, as well as it may be used for official routine drug monitoring programs under the Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) guidance.