Fungus ball in HIV-infected patients

Aspergillus is a phagocyte opportunistic fungus that causes aspergillosis, an unusual disease in patients with AIDS. Six cases of fungal ball in patients with AIDS are reported here. In this group, all patients had hemoptysis and tuberculosis as the underlying lung disease. The diagnosis of pulmonary fungus ball was based on the clinical and radiographic feature, combined with serological and mycological evidence of Aspergillus fumigatus.

Aspergillus fumigatus fungus ball in hospitalized patients with chronic pulmonary disease: usefulness of double immunodiffusion test as a screening procedure

Double immunodiffusion (DID) was used as a screening test for the diagnosis of aspergillosis. Three hundred and fifty patients were tested, all of them referred from a specialized chest disease hospital and without a definitive etiological diagnosis. When DID was positive addtional information such as clinical history and radiographic findings were requested and also surgical specimens were obtained whenever possible. Specific precipitin hamds for Aspergillus fumigatus antigen were found in 29 (8.3%) of 350 patients sera. Nineteen (65.5%) of the 29 patients with positive serology were recognized as having a fungus ball by X-rays signs in 17 or by pathological examination in 2 or by both in 8 patients. This two-year prospective study has shown that pulmonary aspergillos is a considerable problem among patiens admitted to a Chest Diseases Hospital, especially in those with pulmonary cavities or bronchiectasis.

Portanus Ball: descrições de dez espécies novas (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae)

The following new species are described and illustrated from Brazil: Portanus vittatus sp. nov. (Paraná), P. castaneus sp. nov. (Rondônia), P. variatus sp. nov. (Rondônia), P. ocellatus sp. nov. (Mato Grosso), P. cinctus sp. nov. (Mato Grosso), P. bimaculatus sp. nov. (Rondônia), P. eliasi sp. nov. (Rondônia), P. marginatus sp. nov. (Paraná), P. maculatus sp. nov. (Paraná) and P. bicornis sp. nov. (Mato Grosso).

Portanus Ball: descrição de uma espécie nova (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae)

Portanus dubius sp. nov. é descrita e ilustrada a partir de espécimens que foram coletados com armadilha Malaise durante um levantamento entomológico no Estado do Paraná, Brasil (PROFAUPAR).

Uma nova espécie de Portanus Ball (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) do Brasil

Uma nova espécie de Portanus Ball, 1932 é descrita a partir de material coletado nos Estados de Rondônia e Mato Grosso, Brasil. A genitália da fêmea também é descrita.

Numerical Simulation of the Cavitation in the Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Journal Bearings: a Parallel Algorithm

In this paper we present an algorithm for the numerical simulation of the cavitation in the hydrodynamic lubrication of journal bearings. Despite the fact that this physical process is usually modelled as a free boundary problem, we adopted the equivalent variational inequality formulation. We propose a two-level iterative algorithm, where the outer iteration is associated to the penalty method, used to transform the variational inequality into a variational equation, and the inner iteration is associated to the conjugate gradient method, used to solve the linear system generated by applying the finite element method to the variational equation. This inner part was implemented using the element by element strategy, which is easily parallelized. We analyse the behavior of two physical parameters and discuss some numerical results. Also, we analyse some results related to the performance of a parallel implementation of the algorithm.

Presence of central nervous system tissues as bovine spongiform encephalopathy specified risk material in Turkish raw meat ball (cig kofte)

Abstract Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is a virulent disease which may infect by affecting the central nervous system (CNS) tissues in cattle and causes degeneration in nerves. Central nervous system tissues such as brain and spinal cord which are classified as specified risk materials (SRMs) are regarded to be main source of infection. The contamination of the meat with the specific risk materials (SRMs) can occur in phases of slaughter, fragmentation of carcass and processing. This study was conducted in order to investigate the existence of CNS tissues in raw meat ball (cig kofte) which is commonly consumed in the Southeastern Region of Turkey, particularly in Şanlıurfa. For this purpose, 145 samples of raw meat ball were tested. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Ridascreen risk material 10/5, R-biofarm GmbH) which determine glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as determinant were used. As a result of the analyses, positivity was detected in 21 of totally 145 samples of raw meat ball (14.48%). 6 (4.14%) of the samples gave low level of positivity (≥ 0.1 standard absorbance), 10 (6.90%) gave medium level of positivity (>0.2 standard absorbance) and 5 (3.45%) gave high level of positivity (≥0.5 standard absorbance). As a consequence, meats are contaminated in any phase of both slaughter and meat production even if accidentally. Regarding this matter, necessary measures should be taken and hygiene rules should be applied.

Conservadorismo contábil nas companhias abertas e fechadas brasileiras

Objetiva-se neste artigo identificar a existência de diferenças significativas entre companhias abertas e fechadas brasileiras no nível de conservadorismo de suas demonstrações contábeis. A pesquisa, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, baseia-se em amostra composta por 1.384 empresas-ano, sendo 770 observações referentes a companhias fechadas e 614 a companhias abertas, no período de 2000 a 2004. Utilizou-se o modelo de Ball e Shivakumar (2005) que permite analisar o nível de conservadorismo por meio da reversão dos resultados contábeis. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que as companhias fechadas apresentam menor probabilidade de reconhecimento oportuno das perdas e, por isso, possuem menor nível de conservadorismo nas demonstrações contábeis em relação às companhias abertas.

Pulmonary cavities colonized by actinomycetes: report of six cases

Six cases of a cavitary pulmonary ball formed by Actinomycetes are reported. They were observed in the state of Bahia, Brazil. All patients complained of cough and hemoptysis and the pathological study showed bronchiectasis and small cavities in the lungs. The lesions contained micro-colonies of Actinomyces, identified by morphology, staining properties and culture in two cases (thioglycolate media). In the six patients the disease was limited to the lungs. In one patient grains were found, within micro-abscesses in the surrounding parenchyma. Probably the invasion occurred due to ulceration of bronchial mucosa that was covered by granulation tissue. The author suggests that as in nocardiosis actinomycosys may have an invasive form, a saprophytic one may and colonize pulmonary cavities.

Chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis in Brazil: report of two cases with cavitation diagnosed by transthoracic needle biopsy

Two cases of Chronic Pulmonary Histoplasmosis are reported and other eleven cases, collected from Brazilian literature, are commented. After being clinically cured, one of our patients presented an Aspergillus fungus ball inside a cavitation in the wall of which H. capsulatum was disclosed. Comments are also done on the diagnosis of the mycosis

Respiratory tract intracavitary colonization due to Scedosporium apiospermum: report of four cases

Four cases of respiratory tract intracavitary colonization (fungus ball) due to Scedosporium apiospermum (teleomorph, Pseudallescheria boydii) are reported. The need for a careful search for anneloconidia, in order to establish the etiologic diagnosis in the clinical specimen by microscopy, is emphasized.

Rastreamento populacional de anormalidades cardíacas fetais por ecocardiografia pré-natal em gestações de baixo risco no município de Porto Alegre

OBJETIVO: Estudar as anormalidades morfo-funcionais do sistema cardiovascular fetal detectáveis por ultra-sonografia. MÉTODOS: Foram submetidos 3.980 fetos de gestantes sem risco obstétrico ou cardiológico, do município de Porto Alegre, de julho/1996 a novembro/2000, ao ecocardiograma de rastreamento para malformações cardiovasculares através dos cortes de quatro câmaras e vias de saída dos ventrículos direito e esquerdo. RESULTADOS: Houve 103 diagnósticos de anormalidades cardiovasculares fetais, correspondendo a 2,5% (103/3.980) da população estudada, ou 25,8/1000, sendo que 47 referiam-se a alterações morfo-funcionais do coração fetal, prevalência global de 11,8/1000 (47/3.980), e 56 exibiam alterações na refringência (golf ball). Três falso-negativos e nenhum falso-positivo elevaram a prevalência global para 12.5/1000 (50/3.980), ou 26,6/1000 (106/3.980), quando incluídas também as alterações de refringência. CONCLUSÃO: A detecção das malformações cardiovasculares ainda no período intra-uterino, visando planejamento perinatal é possível, confirmando a experiência internacional. É sugerida implantação do rastreamento de malformações cardiovasculares, aninhada em rede de atenção rotineira de ultra-sonografia obstétrica.

Effects of population density on cauliflower crop (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis)

An experiment was carried out to study the effects of the following population densities cauliflowers (plants per ha): 20,833 (0.60 m x 0.80 m), 25,641 (0.60 m x 0.65 m), ....37.037 (0.60 m x 0.45 m) , 55.555 (.0.60 m x 0.30 m), and 111,111 (0,60 m x 0,15 m) ; variety Snow ball. It was concluded that the effects of plant population density are greater on curd quality (weight and size) than on production per ha. The best plant population density to produce cauliflowers curd for Brazil market is from 20,000 to 25,000 plants/ha while for mini-curd is above 55,000 plants/ha.

A new species of Portanus (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae) from Brazil

Portanus Ball, 1932 comprises 45 species that occur in Brazil, including Portanus felixi sp. nov. described and illustrated herein. The genus is close to Paraportanus Carvalho & Cavichioli, 2009 and can be distinguished from it by having a transversal groove on the basal third of the subgenital plates. The new species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the characters of male genitalia, especially by the pygofer with the apical process pointed, sclerotized and dorso-ventrally directed; and by the aedeagus with apodeme on the basal third.