Competitiveness of tourist destinations: the study of 65 key destinations for the development of regional tourism

Tourism has reached world importance in the economy. The competition in tourism has intensified between destinations, whether the destinations are cities, regions or countries. In this sense, the evaluation of the tourism competitiveness of these destinations may be helpful in planning and prioritizing actions that will benefit the industry. This article discusses the concept of competitiveness by the multidimensional view of performance, efficiency and unit analysis. Using the theoretical framework lifted, this article shows the 'Study on the competitiveness of the 65 destinations inducers of regional tourism development' prepared by the Tourism Ministry, the Brazilian Support Service to Micro and Small Enterprises (Sebrae) and Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), its assumptions that guided this study as well its methodological aspects. Based on this methodology, it was carried out a diagnosis of these 65 destinations selected by the Brazilian Ministry of Tourism to be inducers of tourism in their respective regions. The result of competitiveness reached by these 65 inductors destinations is presented in this article, providing a map of the level of competitiveness of tourism in Brazil.

Comportamiento de los cultivares de papaya Sunset, Sunrise y de los genotipos Baixinho de Santa Amalia y BH - 65 en la zona sur de la isla de Tenerife

Los antecedentes de la papaya (Carica papaya, L.) en Canarias vienen a poner de manifiesto, la viabilidad de este cultivo en invernadero y la posibilidad de su mayor expansión a corto plazo, debido a la introducción a lo largo de los últimos años de cultivares comerciales y de gran calidad, procedentes de Hawaii ('Sunrise') y de Brasil 'Baixinho de Santa Amalia' (BSA). En este trabajo se ha estudiado el crecimiento, desarrollo y productividad de los cultivares Sunset, Sunrise, y de los genotipos BH-65 y 'Baixinho de Santa Amalia' y las características morfológicas y organolépticas de sus frutos, con el fin de continuar con la selección de aquellos cultivares que mejor se adapten y cumplan con las exigencias mínimas de mercado, que mantengan una buena productividad en aquellas zonas marginales para la platanera y que sirvan de base para futuros programas de mejora. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que los mayores porcentajes de floración se obtienen en el mes de Mayo (6 meses después de la plantación) en las plantas hermafroditas de todos los cultivares, correspondiendo los mayores porcentajes a 'Sunset' y 'Sunrise' (80 y 90,4%, respectivamente). El número de hojas emitidas mensualmente es semejante en todos los cultivares, entre 7,5 y 7,8. Las plantas femeninas de 'Sunrise' así como las hermafroditas de 'Sunset' tienen mayor diámetro, y además, este último cultivar es más precoz en florecer y sus frutos son de mayor peso y tamaño. Hay que destacar también que en el punto de consumo los frutos del cultivar Sunrise son los que poseen mayor contenido en sólidos solubles totales (10,33 ºBrix). Además, los frutos hermafroditas de 'Sunrise' son los primeros en ser recolectados (422 días desde la plantación). Finalmente, señalar que el cultivar Sunset destaca por ser el más productivo (59,5 kg/pl) y por tener mayores rendimientos por hectárea (158,627 kg/ha). No obstante, los genotipos BH-65 y BSA poseen un comportamiento muy semejante, si bien tienen menor porte en el primer año de cultivo (142,9 y 138,8cm) menor altura a la primera flor (40,6 y 42,2 cm) y menor longitud de entrenudos (1,4 y 1,3 cm).Las características descriptivas de los frutos son muy parecidas sin existir diferencias significativas entre ellas. Los frutos tienen buen tamaño (13,74 x 7,81 cm y (12,68 x 7,98 cm) y peso (392,92 y 418,8 g.) y una producción excelente, cualidades de gran interés para el cultivo de la papaya bajo invernadero.

Bioanalytical method for the quantification of the monastrol derivative anticancer candidate lasom 65 in pre-clinical pharmacokinetic investigations

A simple HPLC/UV method was developed for the determination of the anticancer candidate LaSOM 65 in rat plasma. Samples were cleaned by protein precipitation with acetonitrile (recovery > 95%), after which they were subjected to chromatography under the isocratic elution of an acetonitrile:water (45:55, ν/ν) solution with detection at 303 nm. The method was linear (r² > 0.98) over the concentration range (0.05-2 µg mL-1) with intra- and inter-day precision ranging from 9.6% to 13.6% and 4.3% to 5.4%, respectively. The accuracy of the method ranged from 85% to 113.6%, and it showed sufficient sensitivity to determine pharmacokinetic parameters of LaSOM 65 after intravenous administration to Wistar rats.

Hormone replacement therapy increases levels of antibodies against heat shock protein 65 and certain species of oxidized low density lipoprotein

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces cardiovascular risks, although the initiation of therapy may be associated with transient adverse ischemic and thrombotic events. Antibodies against heat shock protein (Hsp) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) have been found in atherosclerotic lesions and plasma of patients with coronary artery disease and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of HRT on the immune response by measuring plasma levels of antibodies against Hsp 65 and LDL with a low and high degree of copper-mediated oxidative modification of 20 postmenopausal women before and 90 days after receiving orally 0.625 mg equine conjugate estrogen plus 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate per day. HRT significantly increased antibodies against Hsp 65 (0.316 ± 0.03 vs 0.558 ± 0.11) and against LDL with a low degree of oxidative modification (0.100 ± 0.01 vs 0.217 ± 0.02) (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively, ANOVA). The hormone-mediated immune response may trigger an inflammatory response within the vessel wall and potentially increase plaque burden. Whether or not this immune response is temporary or sustained and deleterious requires further investigation.

Arterite de Takayasu com estenose de artéria renal diagnosticada em paciente com 65 anos de idade

Resumo Arterite de Takayasu é uma doença rara, de etiologia desconhecida, que acomete a aorta e seus principais ramos. É uma patologia, geograficamente mais comum no Sudeste Asiático, que acomete principalmente mulheres em idade reprodutiva. A apresentação clínica é inespecífica, com sinais e sintomas que variam de acordo com o seguimento arterial acometido. O vaso mais comumente afetado é a artéria subclávia, enquanto a estenose de artéria renal é relativamente incomum. Comprometimento cardíaco e associação com outras patologias também podem estar presentes. Apresentamos neste relato o caso de uma paciente idosa com diagnóstico tardio de arterite de Takayasu e várias comorbidades ou complicações relacionadas.