18 resultados para [JEL:G12] Financial Economics - General Financial Markets - Asset Pricing

em Scielo Saúde Pública - SP


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This work analyzes whether the relationship between risk and returns predicted by the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is valid in the Brazilian stock market. The analysis is based on discrete wavelet decomposition on different time scales. This technique allows to analyze the relationship between different time horizons, since the short-term ones (2 to 4 days) up to the long-term ones (64 to 128 days). The results indicate that there is a negative or null relationship between systemic risk and returns for Brazil from 2004 to 2007. As the average excess return of a market portfolio in relation to a risk-free asset during that period was positive, it would be expected this relationship to be positive. That is, higher systematic risk should result in higher excess returns, which did not occur. Therefore, during that period, appropriate compensation for systemic risk was not observed in the Brazilian market. The scales that proved to be most significant to the risk-return relation were the first three, which corresponded to short-term time horizons. When treating differently, year-by-year, and consequently separating positive and negative premiums, some relevance is found, during some years, in the risk/return relation predicted by the CAPM. However, this pattern did not persist throughout the years. Therefore, there is not any evidence strong enough confirming that the asset pricing follows the model.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

ABSTRACT This paper provides evidence on the market reaction to corporate investment decisions whose shareholder value is largely attributed to growth options. The exploratory research raised pre-operational companies and their operational pairs on the same economy segments. It had the purpose of investigating the existence of statistical differentiation from financial indicators that reflect the installed assets and growth assets, and then study the market reaction to changes in fixed assets as a signaling element about investment decisions. The formation process of operational assets and shareholder value almost exclusively dependent on asset growth stands out in the pre-operational companies. As a result, differentiation tests confirmed that the pre-operational companies had their value especially derived on growth options. The market reaction was particularly bigger in pre-operational companies with abnormal negative stock returns, while the operational companies had positive returns, which may indicate that the quality of the investment is judged based on the financial disclosure. Additionally, operational companies' investors await the disclosure to adjust their prices. We conclude that the results are consistent with the empirical evidence and the participants in financial markets to long-term capital formation investments should give that special attention.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The objective and originality of this paper lie in identifying Stiglitz's main theoretical contributions to Financial Economics and in briefly portraying the contemporary economic thought out of which these contributions emerged as well as in suggesting their connections with the subsequent economic thought. Grounded on a detailed analysis of Stiglitz's works on finance, his most important theoretical findings are singled out and gathered into four issues: (1) the conditions under which the Modigliani-Miller theorem is valid; (2) the inconsistency inherent to the efficient market hypothesis; (3) the microeconomic effects of asymmetrical information in financial markets; and (4) its real macroeconomic effects. In all of these topics, the focal point of Stiglitz's theoretical research is the unrealistic underpinnings on which the Arrow-Debreu competitive equilibrium model relies. It is also emphasised that this same perspective he coherently followed to construct a fully-fledged theoretical framework would be preserved in his empirical investigations, notably about developing countries, on which he has concentrated effort since the beginnings of the nineties.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Capital Flows, External Fragility and Currency Regimes: A Theoretical Review. The major integration and deregulation of the international financial markets increased the degree of interdependence and risk of incompatibility between the financial and monetary policy adopted by different countries. The consequences of these facts are the financial instability and the currency crisis. In this article we develop arguments advocating that independent of the currency regime adopted the national policy makers should take into account, between other factors, the major capital mobility and the integrations of markets. One of the corollaries of our analyses is that countries should pursue policies that reduces the degree of short-term capital volatile by the adoption of capital controls or though measures of prudential supervision.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper deals with the financial crisis triggered after the default of subprime mortgages in the United States which expanded to a global systemic crisis. It is divided into a brief introduction and three sections. The first section sums up the dynamics of inflation and deflation of real estate and financial assets which characterizes finance-led cycles. The second section covers major effect of financial assets deflation on the American and European banks. The third section focuses on measures implemented by central banks in order to manage this financial crisis.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This article has the gold of summarize the institutional modifications of the US housing finance system between the 60's and the end of the 90's. Those changes narrowed the bonds between this segment of the credit market and the securitized financial markets, encouraging the foundation and diffusion of financial innovations that are in the core of the current financial crises.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The paper discusses two theoretical approaches to the role of public banks (PBs): the Shaw-McKinnon model and an alternative Keynesian view. In the former, the PBs still in operation in less developing countries would be near to become fully unnecessary, in view of the advance of their financial development in the last twenty years. In the Keynesian approach this hypothesis is unlikely. Financial markets are viewed as structurally inefficient and "incomplete" for the requirements of the process of economic development. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that economic and financial development will require a definition of new strategies for PBs. The paper is concluded with a brief discussion of this issue.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A geração de poupança interna e a ampliação do investimento produtivo é condição para alcançar e manter taxas de crescimento econômico compatíveis com o desenvolvimento social. Os fundos de pensão, com os recursos disponíveis para investir, possibilitam alavancar o desenvolvimento de um país na medida em que canalizam esses recursos para o setor produtivo. Diante dessa perspectiva, este estudo propõe analisar o desempenho das aplicações em renda variável desses fundos, aqui considerados investimento produtivo, por meio do Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) e dos índices de Sharpe e M² . Estes se prestam a avaliar o investimento realizado em relação ao risco e ao retorno da carteira. A partir da metodologia proposta, verificou-se que os investimentos em ações incorreram em retornos superiores aos esperados, garantindo eficiência na remuneração pelo risco, gerando, por um lado, maior valor agregado ao fundo e, por outro, um incremento da poupança interna do país, respaldado pela aplicação de recursos no setor produtivo.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Nas últimas décadas, o modelo Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) tem despertado grande interesse por parte da comunidade científica. Apesar das críticas, o aprimoramento do CAPM estático deu origem a novos modelos dinâmicos que trazem maior segurança para o investidor ao longo do ciclo de negócios. Atualmente, encontramos adaptações mais complexas do modelo CAPM, as quais nos permitem ter respostas sobre questões em finanças que por muito tempo permaneceram não solucionadas. Diante desse panorama e considerando todo o debate acerca da validade do CAPM, este trabalho tem como objetivo testar o modelo CAPM condicional de Jagannathan e Wang (1996), incorporando variáveis macroeconômicas e financeiras, para o mercado brasileiro, argentino, chileno, e norte americano.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Este artigo analisa a questão do conservadorismo no que concerne à gestão de recursos por tesourarias de instituições financeiras públicas, que incorrem em um trade-off por não ter essa gestão como prioridade, mas sim as atividades associadas ao desenvolvimento. Fazendo-se uso do capital asset pricing model (CAPM), as evidências para o Banco do Nordeste do Brasil, o maior banco de desenvolvimento regional da América Latina, sugerem que sejam viáveis as mudanças institucional e na legislação que restringe a política de investimentos dessas organizações.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Neste trabalho, discute-se a fixação de taxas de retorno de concessões no Brasil, com aplicação específica ao caso da metodologia da Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (ANTT). Mostra-se a inadequação da regulamentação vigente, baseada no conceito de taxa interna de retorno (TIR), e não de custo de oportunidade do capital. A partir de um exemplo com dados referentes ao auge da crise financeira internacional (dezembro de 2008), evidencia-se também a falta de lógica decorrente da utilização de retornos e preços passados na estimação de taxas de retorno, um procedimento comum a toda a área de concessões de serviços públicos no Brasil. Propõe-se uma metodologia alternativa cujos resultados são sensíveis às condições correntes de mercado de capitais, que produz resultados coerentes com a situação então vigente.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

RESUMONo artigo, reexaminam-se as estratégias de momento a fim de verificar se a falta de evidências quanto a sua lucratividade no mercado brasileiro pode estar relacionada às quebras que elas experimentam durante as crises, conforme reportado por Daniel e Moskowitz. Para tanto, utilizou-se o teste t-student com o intuito de comparar os retornos médios auferidos pela carteira de momento dentro e fora das crises financeiras entre janeiro de 1997 e março de 2014. A partir dos resultados, demonstra-se que, em linha com o reportado para outros mercados, a carteira experimenta quebras durante as crises, ao passo que proporciona retornos positivos e significativos nos demais períodos, mesmo após o controle para os fatores de risco dos modelos do Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) e de Fama-French. Esses achados indicam que a falta de evidências quanto à lucratividade dessas estratégias não implica o entendimento do mercado brasileiro como uma exceção, mas pode ser explicada pela quebra das carteiras de momento durante as crises, que anulam grande parte dos retornos positivos auferidos por essa estratégia em outros períodos.