Local behavior and lymph node metastases of Wilms' tumor: accuracy of computed tomography

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography for local and lymph node staging of Wilms' tumor. Materials and Methods Each case of Wilms' tumor was evaluated for the presence of abdominal lymph nodes by a radiologist. Signs of capsule and adjacent organ invasion were analyzed. Surgical and histopathological results were taken as the gold standard. Results Sensitivity was 100% for both mesenteric and retroperitoneal lymph nodes detection, and specificity was, respectively, 12% and 33%, with positive predictive value of 8% and 11% and negative predictive value of 100%. Signs of capsular invasion presented sensitivity of 87%, specificity of 77%, positive predictive value of 63% and negative predictive value of 93%. Signs of adjacent organ invasion presented sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 78%, positive predictive value of 37% and negative predictive value of 100%. Conclusion Computed tomography tumor showed low specificity and low positive predictive value in the detection of lymph node dissemination. The absence of detectable lymph nodes makes their presence unlikely, and likewise regarding the evaluation of local behavior of tumors.

Coordenação local do Eu(III) em híbridos orgânicos/inorgânicos emissores de luz branca

Eu3+ luminescence and EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) results are presented for organic-inorganic hybrid gel hosts composed of a siliceous network to which small chains of oxyethylene units are covalently grafted by means of urea bridges. Coordination numbers for Eu3+ ions range from 12.8 to 9.7 with increasing Eu3+ concentration while the Eu3+-first neighbours mean distance is found to be constant at 2.48-2.49 Å in the same concentration range. Emission spectra display a broad band in the green/blue spectral region superposed to narrow lines appearing in the yellow/red region in such a way that for the eyes emission appears white. The broad band is assigned to intrinsic NH groups emission and also to electron-hole recombination in the nanosised siliceous domains. The narrow lines are assigned to intra-4f6, 5D0->7F0-4 Eu3+ transitions and from the energy position of the 7F0-4 levels a mean distance could be calculated for the Eu3+-first neighbours. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones obtained from EXAFS analysis.

GLOBAL AND LOCAL REACTIVITY DESCRIPTORS FOR PICLORAM HERBICIDE: A THEORETICAL QUANTUM STUDY

In this work, we studied the reactivity of picloram in the aqueous phase at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p) and MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) levels of theory through global and local reactivity descriptors. The results obtained at the MP2 level indicate that the cationic form of picloram exhibits the highest hardness while the anionic form is the most nucleophilic. From the Fukui function values, the most reactive site for electrophilic and free radical attacks are on the nitrogen in the pyridine ring. The more reactive sites for nucleophilic attacks are located on the nitrogen atom of the amide group and on the carbon atoms located at positions 2 and 3 in the pyridine ring.

Diversidade da virulência de Pyricularia grisea num local de melhoramento genético de arroz

O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a diversidade da virulência de isolados de Pyricularia grisea coletados na Estação Experimental do IAC, Mococa, estado de São Paulo. A composição das raças do fungo e sua compatibilidade com genes de resistência foram estudadas utilizando-se cultivares diferenciais de arroz (Oryza sativa) do Japão. Cinqüenta isolados monospóricos foram obtidos das panículas das cultivares IAC 201 e IAC 4440 afetadas com brusone. As raças JP 137 e JP 177 de P. grisea na cultivar de arroz de sequeiro IAC 201 e a raça JP 200 na cultivar IAC 4440, arroz irrigado, foram identificadas. Foi observada uma baixa freqüência de ocorrência de raças fisiológicas no local de seleção de linhagens de melhoramento. Enquanto todos os 25 isolados provenientes de IAC 4440 foram compatíveis somente ao gene de resistência pi-ta², os isolados de IAC 201 foram compatíveis para sete dos nove genes das diferenciais japonesas. Os resultados mostraram que somente um gene de resistência (pi-z t) foi efetivo a todos os isolados de P. grisea coletados das cultivares de arroz IAC 201 e IAC 4440.