Monitorização materno-fetal durante procedimento odontológico em portadora de cardiopatia valvar

FUNDAMENTO: Os efeitos da anestesia local em odontologia com lidocaína e epinefrina, sobre parâmetros cardiovasculares de gestantes portadoras de valvopatias e seus conceptos, não estão esclarecidos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar e analisar parâmetros da cardiotocografia, de pressão arterial e eletrocardiográficos da gestante portadora de doença valvar reumática, quando submetida à anestesia local com 1,8 ml de lidocaína 2% sem vasoconstritor e com epinefrina 1:100.000, durante procedimento odontológico restaurador. MÉTODOS: Realizamos monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial, eletrocardiografia ambulatorial materna e cardiotocografia de 31 portadoras de cardiopatia reumática, entre a 28ª e 37ª semana de gestação, divididas em dois grupos conforme presença ou não do vasoconstritor RESULTADOS: Demonstrou-se redução significativa dos valores de frequência cardíaca materna nos dois grupos, durante o procedimento, quando comparado aos demais períodos (p < 0,001). Houve ocorrência de arritmia cardíaca em 9 (29,0%) pacientes, das quais 7 (41,8%) pertencentes ao grupo de 17 gestantes que recebeu anestesia com adrenalina. A pressão arterial materna não apresentou diferença quando comparamos períodos ou grupos (p > 0,05). O mesmo ocorreu (p > 0,05) com número de contrações uterinas, nível e variabilidade da linha de base e número de acelerações da frequência cardíaca fetal. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de 1,8 ml de lidocaína 2% associado à adrenalina mostrou-se seguro e eficaz em procedimento odontológico restaurador durante a gestação de mulheres com cardiopatia valvar reumática.

Valvoplastia aórtica por cateter-balão em emergência materno-fetal na adolescência

O aumento do débito cardíaco durante a gravidez é causa de insuficiência cardíaca em portadoras de estenose valvar aórtica grave. A valvoplastia aórtica percutânea tem sido associada a graves complicações e reestenose valvar em curto prazo. O presente caso mostrou que a valvoplastia aórtica percutânea permitiu o alcance do parto com sobrevida da mãe e do feto, e que a interrupção do tratamento no pós-parto resultou em morte materna no puerpério tardio.

Curva de referência da área do septo interventricular fetal pelo método STIC: estudo preliminar

FUNDAMENTO: A detecção precoce de alterações septais, tais como a hipertrofia septal comumente presente em fetos de mães diabéticas, contribuiria para a redução das altas taxas de mortalidade infantil. OBJETIVO: Determinar intervalos de referência para a área do septo interventricular fetal por meio da ultrassonografia tridimensional (US3D) utilizando o método STIC (Spatio-Temporal Image Correlation). MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal com 69 gestantes normais entre a 18ª e 33ª semanas de gestação. Utilizou-se como referência o plano de quatro câmaras com a ROI (Região de Interesse) posicionada a partir dos ventrículos, sendo a área do septo delimitada de modo manual. Para se avaliar a correlação da área do septo interventricular com a idade gestacional (IG), construíram-se diagramas de dispersão e calculou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r), sendo o ajuste realizado pelo coeficiente de determinação (R²). Foram calculadas médias, medianas, desvios-padrão (dp), valores máximo e mínimo. Para o cálculo da reprodutibilidade intraobservador, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI). Obteve-se a medida da espessura do septo interventricular e ela foi correlacionada com a IG e a área septal obtida pelo modo renderizado em 52 pacientes utilizando-se o CCI. RESULTADOS: A área do septo interventricular foi altamente correlacionada com a idade gestacional (r = 0,81), e a média aumentou de 0,47 cm² na 18ª para 2,42 cm² na 33ª semana de gestação. A reprodutibilidade intraobservador foi excelente com CCI = 0,994. Não se observou correlação significativa entre a medida do septo interventricular e a IG (R² = 0,200), assim como não houve correlação com a área do septo obtida pelo modo renderizado com CCI = 0,150. CONCLUSÃO: Intervalos de referência para a área do septo interventricular entre a 18ª e 33ª semanas de gestação foram determinados e se mostraram altamente reprodutíveis.

Restrição materna de polifenóis e dinâmica ductal fetal na gestação normal: um ensaio clínico aberto

FUNDAMENTOS: Recentemente demonstramos reversão da constrição ductal fetal após redução da ingesta materna de alimentos ricos em polifenóis (ARP), por sua ação inibidora da síntese das prostaglandinas. OBJETIVOS: Testar a hipótese de que fetos normais no 3º trimestre também melhoram a dinâmica ductal após restrição materna de polifenóis. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico aberto com 46 fetos com idade gestacional (IG) > 28 semanas submetidos a dois estudos Dopplerecocardiográficos com intervalo de duas semanas, sendo os examinadores cegados para os hábitos alimentares maternos. Um questionário de frequência alimentar validado para esse objetivo foi aplicado e uma dieta com alimentos pobres em polifenóis (< 30 mg/100 mg) foi orientada. Um grupo controle de 26 fetos no 3º trimestre foi submetido ao mesmo protocolo. Utilizou-se o teste-t para amostras independentes. RESULTADOS: A IG média foi 33 ± 2 semanas. A média do consumo materno diário de polifenóis (CMDP) foi 1277 mg, caindo para 126 mg após orientação (p = 0,0001). Ocorreu diminuição significativa nas Velocidades Ductais Sistólica (VSD) e Diastólica (VDD) e na relação dos diâmetros ventriculares (VD/VE), assim como aumento do índice de pulsatilidade (IP) [VSD = 1,2 ± 0,4 m/s (0,7-1,6) para 0,9 ± 0,3 m/s (0,6-1,3) (p = 0,018);VDD = 0,21 ± 0,09 m/s (0,15-0,32) para 0,18 ± 0,06 m/s (0,11-0,25) (p = 0,016); relação VD/VE = 1,3 ± 0,2 (0,9-1,4) para 1,1 ± 0,2 (0,8 - 1,3) (p = 0,004); IP do ducto = 2,2 ± 0,03 (2,0-2,7) para 2,4 ± 0,4 (2,2-2,9) (p = 0,04)]. A IG média dos controles foi de 32 ± 4 semanas, não ocorrendo diferenças significativas no CMDP, nas velocidades ductais, no IP do ducto e na relação VD/VE. CONCLUSÃO: A restrição da ingesta de alimentos ricos em polifenóis no 3º trimestre por duas semanas melhora a dinâmica do fluxo no ducto arterioso fetal e as dimensões do VD.

Effects of Growth Hormone on Cardiac Remodeling During Resistance Training in Rats

Abstract Background: Although the beneficial effects of resistance training (RT) on the cardiovascular system are well established, few studies have investigated the effects of the chronic growth hormone (GH) administration on cardiac remodeling during an RT program. Objective: To evaluate the effects of GH on the morphological features of cardiac remodeling and Ca2+ transport gene expression in rats submitted to RT. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 7 per group): control (CT), GH, RT and RT with GH (RTGH). The dose of GH was 0.2 IU/kg every other day for 30 days. The RT model used was the vertical jump in water (4 sets of 10 jumps, 3 bouts/wk) for 30 consecutive days. After the experimental period, the following variables were analyzed: final body weight (FBW), left ventricular weight (LVW), LVW/FBW ratio, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area (CSA), collagen fraction, creatine kinase muscle-brain fraction (CK-MB) and gene expressions of SERCA2a, phospholamban (PLB) and ryanodine (RyR). Results: There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference among groups for FBW, LVW, LVW/FBW ratio, cardiomyocyte CSA, and SERCA2a, PLB and RyR gene expressions. The RT group showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in collagen fraction compared to the other groups. Additionally, the trained groups (RT and RTGH) had greater CK-MB levels compared to the untrained groups (CT and GH). Conclusion: GH may attenuate the negative effects of RT on cardiac remodeling by counteracting the increased collagen synthesis, without affecting the gene expression that regulates cardiac Ca2+ transport.

Infection by microorganisms on soybean seeds obtained from plants treated with growth regulators

This research, deals with the effects of exogenous growth regulators on infection by microorganisms on soybean (Glycine max cv. Davis) seeds. To study the influence of the chemicals, soybean plants were sprayed with gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm, succinic acid-2,2-dimethy1hydrazide (SADH) 4,000 ppm, indolylacetic acid (IAA) 100 ppm, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm (three applications), and Agrostemin (1g/10 ml/ 3 1). Application of growth regulators did not affect infect ion by microorganisms on soybean seeds. The prominent fungus isolated was Phomopsis sojae. Alternaria and Fusarium spp. were isolated from seeds. The presence of a bacterium on the seeds was observed. The delay in harvest and high humidity increased the number of seeds from which Phomopsis was recovered.

Action of growth regulators on flowering and pod production of soybean cultivar Davis

This research deals with the effects of growth regulators on flowering and pod formation in soybean plant (Glycine max cv. Davis). Under greenhouse conditions, soybean plants were sprayed with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm, Agrostemmin (1g/10 ml/3 l) gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm. Application of TIBA increased number of flowers. 'Davis' soybean treated with CCC and TIBA presented a tendency to produce a lower number of pods.

Attack of Potyphagotarsonemus tatus on cotton treated with growth retardants

The effects of growth retardants on infestation by Potyphagotarsonemus tatus (broad mite) on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. IAC-17) plants was studied. Cotton plants were sprayed with (2-ch1oroethy1) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 250, 350 and 450 ppm, and with 1,1-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride (Pix) at concentrations of 84, 167 and 250 ppm. Growth retardants did not give effective control of Potyphagotarsone mus tatus but application of Pix 167 ppm showed a tendency to reduce mite attack.

Action of growth regulators on production of soybean cultivar Davis

This research deals with the effects of exogenous growth regulators on production of soybean plant (Glycine max cv.. Davis) under greenhouse conditions, At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TiBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. Before flowering, Agrostemin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. It was observed that CCC and TIBA reduced stem dry weight. Soybean plants treated with TIBA reduced weight of pods without seeds , seed number and seed weight.

Action of growth regulators on soybean cultivar Davis

The effects of growth regularots on soybean plant (Glycine max) under greenhouse conditions were studied. Before flower ing, Agrostemmin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5 - triio dobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TIBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. Treatment with GA increased plant height while CCC presented a tendency to reduce it. Numbers of leaves, internods, and stems were not affected by the growth regulators.

Effects of growth regulators on productivity of soybean (Glycine max cv. Davis) under competition

The effects of growth substances on productivity of 'Davis' soybean maintained under competition was investigated. Before the flowering, Agrostemmin (1 g/10 ml/3 1), gibberellic acid (GA) 100 ppm, and (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) 2,000 ppm were applied. At the flower anthesis, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) 20 ppm was applied. Other two applications with TIBA, with intervals of four days, were realized. The growth regulators did not affect the productivity of 'Davis' soybean maintened under competition. The competition among plants did not affect the stem dry weight and number of pods, and seeds. The competition reduced weight of pods without seeds, seed weight, and weight of 100 seeds.

Influence of boron on growth and mineral composition of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Nine cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. were grown in nutrient solution to study the effect of boron on growth and mineral composition. Data obtained in thie study allowed for the following conclusions: (1) high levels of boron affected plant height, root length, dry weight of tops, dry weight of root, and total dry weight; (2) regression analysis was used to point out differential behaviour among cultivars in relation to boron concentration in nutrient solution; (3) the best mineral concentration in the plant tissue was obtained with application of 0,5 ppm of boron in the nutrient solution.

Influence of aluminum on growth and mineral composition of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Seven cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. were grown in nutrient solution in the presence and absence of aluminum. Da ta obtained herewith allowed for the following conclusions to be drawn: (1) plant height, root lenght and total dry weight decreased with increase of aluminum levels in the nutrient solution; (2) aluminum concentration in plant tissue increased with higher levels of aluminum in the substrate; decreases pf calcium and magnesium concentration in the dry matter in the presence of higher aluminum concentration in the nutrient solution were observed.

Peanut (Araohis hypogaea cv. Tatu-53) productivity under nutrient foliar sprays containing growth regulators

Two nutrient foliar sprays, namely Ferti-Foliage (21-21 -21) and Wuxal (9-9-7), were applied to peanut plants under field conditions. Both were applied 23 days after germination of seeds, at the beginning of flowering, and during flowering. Other treatments were application of NPK fertilizer (9-30-16, 250 kg/ha) into the soil and check (no fertilizer). The experiment was carried out on a latosolic B "Terra Roxa" soil, sowing being made on March 6th and harvest on July 10th. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences amongst treatments. However, certain treatments had better yields. For instance, application of Ferti-Foliage showed a tendency to increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Same product when applied at the beginning of flowering had a tendency to increase production of seeds and of forage. Application of NPK (9-30-16) into the soil showed similar results.