Ressonância paramagnética eletrônica-RPE aplicada à análise de especiarias irradiadas (com radiação gama)

O tratamento de alimentos por radiação ionizante é uma tecnologia que tem sido empregada em um número cada vez maior de países em substituição ao uso de produtos químicos. O conhecimento de técnicas seguras e confiáveis de detecção é um fator que pode contribuir para a maior aceitação pelo mercado consumidor de alimentos irradiados. Este trabalho apresenta a ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (RPE) como método de detecção das especiarias alecrim e coentro irradiadas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a RPE pode ser usada satisfatoriamente para esse grupo de alimentos na identificação das espécies irradiadas e na determinação da dose recebida.

Análise de própolis

O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir para o estabelecimento de rotinas que facilitem o controle de qualidade de própolis, incluindo a identificação de sua(s) fonte(s) botânica(s). Para tanto, traz análises preconizadas pelo Ministério da Agricultura (exame organoléptico, perda por dessecação a 105ºC, teores de cinza e de cera, resíduo insolúvel em metanol, resíduo seco e teores de flavonóides e fenóis totais) e análises cromatográficas (CLAE) comparativas entre própolis e sua suposta fonte vegetal. Os resultados permitiram observar que, excetuando-se perda por dessecação a 105ºC, todos os demais parâmetros estiveram dentro dos limites estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Agricultura, e a própolis estudada provavelmente foi elaborada a partir da espécie Baccharis dracunculifolia DC, proveniente da Serra do Japi-SP/Brasil. Foram identificados os ácidos clorogênico, cafeico, para-cumárico, ferúlico, trans-cinâmico e artepillin C (ácido 3,5-diprenil-4-hidroxicinâmico) e os flavonóides isossacuranetina e canferida, em ambos, própolis e planta.

Comparison of volatile and polyphenolic compounds in Brazilian green propolis and its botanical origin Baccharis dracunculifolia

Ethanolic extracts and essential oils from Green Propolis from southeastern Brazil and leaf buds from its botanical origin Baccharis dracunculifolia were analyzed by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), Reversed Phase High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (RP-HPTLC) and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation. Both ethanolic extracts and essential oils showed similar chromatographic profiles. Thirteen flavonoids were identified by RP-HPLC and RP-HPTLC analyses in both samples. Twenty-three volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS analyses. Seventeen were present in both essential oils. The major flavonoid compound in both extracts was artepillin C. The major volatile compound in both essential oils was nerolidol. The major compounds identified in this work could be used as chemical markers in order to classify and identify botanical origins of propolis.

The effect of sodium reduction and the use of herbs and spices on the quality and safety of bologna sausage

In this study, the replacement of 50% NaCl by KCl in Bologna sausage with the addition of herbs and spice blends (coriander, onion, white pepper, cardamom, and Jamaican pepper) was evaluated. The formulations tested showed a significant reduction in the sodium content with no major alterations in the emulsion stability, texture, and microbiological characteristics. The use of 50% KCl caused a reduction in the sensory quality leading to a significant decrease in the consumers' purchase intention. The formulations with the addition of herbs and spice blends presented better results in the sensory evaluation indicating that this strategy can reduce the negative effects resulting from the use of KCl.

Quality characteristics of Moroccan sweet paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) at different sampling times

"La Niora" is a red pepper variety cultivated in Tadla Region (Morocco) which is used for manufacturing paprika after sun drying. The paprika quality (nutritional, chemical and microbiological) was evaluated immediately after milling, from September to December. Sampling time mainly affected paprika color and the total capsaicinoid and vitamin C contents. The commercial quality was acceptable and no aflatoxins were found, but the microbial load sometimes exceeded permitted levels.

Genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in peppers (Capsicum annuum) from Brazil

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in pepper (Capsicum annuum, Solanaceae). Total phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity were evaluated in 14 accessions of Capsicum annuum from the Capsicum Genebank of Embrapa Temperate Agriculture (Pelotas – RS, Brazil). Thirty plants of each accession were cultivated in the field during spring and summer. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with 14 treatments (accessions) and three replications. The laboratory evaluations followed the same experimental design to field, but with two repetitions more. Seeds were discarded and opposite longitudinal portions of fruits were manually prepared for chemical analyzes. The data obtained showed high genetic variability for phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids and antioxidant activity. The P39, P77, P119, P143 and P302 accessions exhibited the highest levels of antioxidants, which are strongly indicated to be used in breeding programs of Capsicum peppers.

Sensory acceptability and fatty acid profile of fish crackers made from Carassius gibelio

Abstract In this study, our aim was to consider the production of fish crackers using Carassius gibelio and to investigate the fatty acid profile and sensory quality of the fish crackers. Fish cracker mixture with a ratio 3.5:1.5 (minced fish/wheat starch) was obtained. Based on the total minced fish and starch level, 1.75% salt, 0.25% black pepper, 2% sunflower oil, 1% baking powder and 10% cold water (4 °C) were added and stirred until a homogenous mixture was obtained. The mixture was compressed in an extractor and baked. The moisture content of minced fish (CMF), cracker dough (CD) and crackers (CCr) was 77.73 ± 0.14%, 63.10 ± 2.18% and 7.95 ± 0.67% respectively. The n6/n3 ratio of crackers was 2.61 ± 0.20, PUFA/SFA ratio 2.28 ± 0.06 and DHA/EPA ratio 1.81 ± 0.01. The overall acceptability score obtained by the sensory evaluation of panelists was very high (8.09 ± 0.25).