Use of alcohol in the elderly: transcultural validation of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test – Geriatric Version (MAST-G)

Objective: To evaluate the internal consistency of the version of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test – Geriatric Version (MAST-G) instrument, translated and adapted for Brazil. Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the ICD-10 and the MAST-G, following the steps of translation and cultural adaptation. One hundred eleven elderly in the city of São Carlos, SP, Brazil were interviewed. Results: The mean age of those interviewed was 70 years, with 45% men and 55% women, with the mean education of three years; 92% resided with family; 48% of the subjects consumed alcoholic beverages. The MAST-G presented a good level of reliability, with Cronbach’s α = 0.7873, and good levels of sensitivity and specificity with a cutoff score of five positive responses. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the MAST-G presented internal consistency values similar to the original English version,showing it to be adequate for use in the national context.





Cristallochemical characterization of synthetic Zn-substituted maghemites (g-Fe2-xZn xO3)

Maghemite (g-Fe2O3) is the most usually found ferrimagnetic oxide in red basalt-derived soils. The variable degrees of ionic substitution of Fe3+ for different metals (e.g. Ti4+, Al3+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+) and non-metals in the maghemite structure influence some cristallochemical features of this iron oxide. In this study, synthetic Zn-substituted maghemites were prepared by co-precipitation in alkaline aqueous media of FeSO4.7H2O with increasing amounts of ZnSO4.7H2O to obtain the following sequence of Fe3+ for Zn2+ substitutions: 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.30 mol mol-1. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cristallochemical alterations of synthetic Zn-substituted maghemites. The dark black synthetic precipitated material was heated to 250 °C during 4 h forming a brownish maghemite that was characterized by chemical analysis as well as X ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface area and mass-specific magnetic susceptibility. The isomorphic substitution levels observed were of 0.0013, 0.0297, 0.0590, 0.1145, 0.1764, 0.2292 and 0.3404 mol mol-1, with the formation of a series of maghemites from Fe2Zn0O3 to Fe(1.49)Zn(0.770)O3 . The increase in Fe3+ for Zn2+ substitution, [Zn mol mol-1] increased the dimension a0 of the cubic unit cells of the studied maghemites according to the regression equation: a0 = 0.8343 + 0.02591Zn (R² = 0.98). On the other hand, the mean crystallite dimension and mass-specific magnetic susceptibility of the studied maghemites decreased with increasing isomorphic substitution.

Efeito da raça, dieta, época e ordem de parição na concentração de imunoglobulina G no colostro de suínos

Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos da raça, dieta, época do ano e ordem de parição na concentração de imunoglobulina G (IgG) no colostro de porcas. A concentração de IgG foi determinada no colostro de 60 porcas, 33 da raça Large White e 27 da raça Landrace, submetidas a dietas contendo 0%, 7%, 14% e 21% de levedura seca (LS). A levedura seca de destilaria de álcool de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) substituiu parte do milho e do farelo de soja da ração mantendo o nível de 14% de proteína bruta. Não foi verificado efeito significativo (P>0,05) de raça e da dieta sobre a concentração de IgG do colostro. Os valores mais elevados de IgG foram observados no colostro de porcas que pariram entre maio e outubro (P<0,05). Foram obtidos efeitos quadrático (P<0,10) e cúbico (P<0,01) da ordem de parição sobre a concentração de IgG. As fêmeas de primeira cria apresentaram o menor valor (P<0,05) de concentração de IgG (49,98±7,9 mg/mL) em relação às fêmeas de segunda (92,70±5,9 mg/mL), terceira (70,72±5,6 mg/mL) e quarta crias (85,56±9,0 mg/mL), evidenciando que animais com maior experiência imunológica apresentam maior concentração de imunoglobulina no colostro.