Dilatação fluxo-mediada da artéria braquial e complexo médio-intimal das artérias carótida e braquial: avaliação de indivíduos com e sem fatores de risco para aterosclerose

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função endotelial em pacientes com fatores de risco para aterosclerose pela dilatação fluxo-mediada da artéria braquial (DILA) e complexo médio-intimal (CMI) das artérias carótida e braquial. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, caso controle, no qual foi avaliada a função endotelial pelo DILA e CMI das artérias carótida e braquial e presença ou não de fatores de risco para aterosclerose, em 112 pacientes assim distribuídos: mulheres com fatores de risco (n = 49), mulheres grupo controle (n = 24), homens com fatores de risco (n = 21) e homens grupo controle (n = 18). RESULTADOS: O DILA esteve comprometido significativamente no grupo fator de risco, quando comparado ao controle, independente do sexo: em mulheres, 15,2 × 25,3 (p < 0,01); em homens, 11,8 × 16,8 (p < 0,02). Já o CMI, tanto na braquial quanto na carótida, não foi significativo, independente do sexo: braquial em mulheres, 0,3 × 0,3 (p < 0,06); braquial em homens, 0,36 × 0,23 (p < 0,07); carótida em mulheres, 0,6 × 0,4 (p < 0,07); carótida em homens, 0,85 × 0,38 (p < 0,08). Utilizou-se como índice de significância p < 0,05. CONCLUSÃO: O DILA foi eficiente para atestar comprometimento endotelial em população de risco para aterosclerose

Complexo de von Meyenburg: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Os hamartomas biliares, conhecidos como complexo de von Meyenburg, são lesões tipicamente benignas que podem mimetizar metástases aos exames de imagem. Neste estudo é relatado um caso de complexo de von Meyenburg e são discutidos o diagnóstico por imagem, a associação com doença policística do adulto, e o potencial maligno atualmente considerado e frequentemente ignorado deste achado, que torna necessário o acompanhamento

Estudo voltamétrico do complexo de cobre(II) com o ligante vermelho de alizarina S, adsorvido na superfície do eletrodo de grafite pirolítico

The alizarin red S (ARS) has been used as a spectrophotometric reagent of several metals for a long time. Now this alizarin has been used as modifier agent of electrodes, for voltammetric analyses. In this work cyclic voltammetry experiments was accomplished on closed circuit, with the objective of studying the voltammetric behavior of alizarin red S adsorbed and of its copper complex, on the surface of the pyrolytic graphite electrode. These studies showed that ARS strongly adsorbs on the surface of this electrode. This adsorption was used to immobilize ions copper(II) from the solution.

Adsorção do complexo H[Ru(III)Cl2(H2EDTA)] sobre a superfície da sílica gel modificada com [3-(2-aminoetil) aminopropil]trimetoxissilano em soluções etanólicas

Silica gel was functionalized with [3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyl]trimethoxysilane group (SF-AEATS) and the characterization by chemical analysis (N) and infrared spectroscopy confirmed the functionalization. The capacity of the modified silica to adsorb the complex Ru(III)-EDTA from ethanolic solution was studied. The selectivity coefficients of the complex formed on the support obtained was (Gñ), 2,07 x 10(4) L/mol and the average number of ligand bonded by one metal ion on the support (ñ) was ~ 1.

Determinação de tanino em pedúnculo de caju: método da vanilina versus método do butanol ácido

To improve tannin assay in cashew apple, several parameters were examined, including (1) extraction solvents, (2) effects of water and boiling time on butanol acid reaction and (3) correlation between vanillin and butanol acid assay of tannin in cashew apples. The 50-70% acetone extracted the greatest amount of tannin from cashew apples. Concentrations of water in butanol reagents were adjusted and boiling time of butanol reaction was reduced at 15 min. Tannin of unripe cashew apples was purified on Sephadex LH-20, aiming to obtain tannin standard for butanol assay. The vanillin assay presented high correlation with the butanol acid assay.

Preparação e caracterização do complexo cobaloxima e sua utilização na construção de um eletrodo modificado: um experimento eletroquímico no curso de graduação

The present experiment describes the preparation, characterization of n-butyl(pyridil)cobaloxime complex and its electrochemical property. The infrared and uv-visible absorption spectra were used to characterize the complex obtained. The infrared spectrum of the compound showed characteristics bands that indicated the formation of the Co-C chemical bond formation. The electronic absorption spectrum in acetonitrile showed transition bands attributed to p-p*, metal-to-ligand charge transfer, d-d transitions and charge transfer Co-C. The electrochemical property was investigated by the pulse differential voltammetry technique. Two oxidation processes: Co(I)/Co(II) at -423 mV and Co(II)/Co(III) at 752 mV were observed.

Biodegradação de efluente têxtil por Pleurotus sajor-caju

Effluents generated by the textile industry are of environmental concern because of the presence of dyes with complex molecular structure, which confer them recalcitrant characteristics. Indigo is one of the most widely used dyes within the textile sector and studies have suggested that edible fungi may be capable of its biodegradation. A textile effluent was mixed with sugarcane bagasse and inoculated with Pleurotus sajor-caju, the decolorization being evaluated after 14 days, when the process was observed. Enzymatic activities of laccase, peroxidase and manganese peroxidase were determined, the production of these ligninolytic enzymes being evident and a synergism among them being likely in the decolorizing process.

Cinética e caracterização físico-química do fermentado do pseudofruto do caju (Anacardium occidentale L.)

The production of cashew apple wine has the purpose of minimizing the wastage in the Brazilian cashew production. Knowing that the cashew apple fermentation produces a good cashew wine, a study of alcoholic fermentation kinetics of the cashew apple and the physico-chemical characterization of the product were made. The cashew wine was produced in an stirred batch reactor. The results of the physico-chemical analysis of volatiles, residual sugars, total acidity and pH of cashew wine showed that their concentrations were within the standard limits established by the Brazilian legislation for fruit wines.

Avaliação do teor e da estabilidade de vitaminas do complexo B e vitamina C em bebidas isotônicas e energéticas

Vitamin C stability and concentration was evaluated in isotonic beverages and B group vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5 and B6) in power beverages. The amount of vitamins was found to be above of that declared on the labels, even after the shelf life had been exceeded. A small decrease in the amount of B group vitamins was observed during the shelf life of the products. In the case of vitamin C this decrease was slightly higher. The present research shows the need of increased quality control and inspection.

Biossensor enzimático para detecção de fungicidas ditiocarbamatos: estudo cinético da enzima aldeído desidrogenase e otimização do biossensor

Initially, all major factors that affect the rate of the AldH-catalyzed reaction (enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature and pH) were investigated. Optimal activity was observed between pH values of 7.5 and 9.5 in the temperature range of 25 to 50 ºC. Kinetic parameters, such as Km (2.92 µmol L-1) and Vmax (1.33 10-2 µmol min-1) demonstrate a strong enzyme-substrate affinity. The sensors were based on screen-printed electrodes modified with the Meldola Blue-Reinecke salt (MBRS) combination. Operational conditions (NAD+ and substrate contents, enzyme loading and response time) were optimized. Also, two enzyme immobilization procedures were tested: entrapment in poly(vinyl alcohol) bearing styrylpyridinium groups (PVA-SbQ) and crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. Chronoamperometry was employed to observe the biosensor responses during enzymatic hydrolysis of propionaldehyde and also to construct inhibition curves with maneb and zineb fungicides. Best results were found with the following conditions: [NAD+] = 0.25 mmol L-1; [propionaldehyde] = 80 µmol L-1; enzyme loading = 0.8 U per electrode; response time = 10 min, and inhibition time = 10 min. Current intensities around 103 ± 13 nA with the sensors and good stability was obtained for both immobilization procedures. Detection limits, calculated using 10% inhibition were 31.5 µg L-1 and 35 µg L-1 for maneb and zineb, respectively. Results obtained with other MBRS-modified electrodes consisting of mono and bi-enzymic sensors were compared. The ability to catalyze NADH oxidation by MB was also highlighted.

Síntese e caracterização de um novo complexo de platina (IV) a partir de seu análogo de platina (II) utilizando iodo molecular como agente oxidante: uma rota sintética interessante para obtenção de novos complexos de platina

In an attempt to reduce toxicity and widen the spectrum of activity of cisplatin and its analogues, much attention has been focused on designing new platinum complexes. This work reports the synthesis and characterization of novel compounds of the platinum (II) and platinum (IV) containing 2-furoic hydrazide acid and iodide as ligands. Although the prepared compounds do not present the classical structure of biologically active platinum analogues, they could be potentially active or useful as precursors to prepare antitumor platinum complexes. The reported compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR, 13C NMR, 195Pt NMR, IR and elemental analyses.

Síntese de complexo ferro(II)-nitrogênio: abordagem dos conceitos de reatividade e retro-doação para alunos de graduação em química

There has been a considerable interest in coordination complexes of molecular nitrogen (N2), partly due to a possible relationship between such complexes and the nitrogen activation process in nature. The present paper describes the synthesis and infrared spectroscopic characterization of an iron-nitrogen derivative with ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate (edta) as an experiment for an undergraduate course. The topics covered here include synthesis, reactivity and spectroscopy.

Reator de membrana enzimático e fluidos supercríticos: associação de processos

The aim of this work is to present the new applications of membrane technology in fat and oil processing, with emphasis on development and applications of the enzymatic membrane reactor and its association with extraction and purification technology by supercritical fluids (SCF). Combining the extraction by SCFs and the separation by membranes allows the integration of extractions reactions with selective separation by membranes through filtration of the supercritical mixture (SCF + extracted solutes). This association provides important energy savings regarding the SCF recompression costs.

Redução de vitamina C em suco de caju (Anacardium occidentale L.) industrializado e cajuína

Vitamin C degradation was evaluated in industrialized cashew juice of high pulp content and in cajuina by the method of Tillmans during eleven days of storage after the opening of the flask. For recently opened juices, vitamin C was found in the concentration range of 112 to 170 mg for 100 g of juice. The degradation of vitamin C in industrialized cashew juices changes when different additives are used. All of the cajuinas presented a vitamin C content below that specified on the label.