SOFTWARE TO ASSESS BEEF CATTLE BODY MASS THROUGH THE FUZZY BODY MASS INDEX

ABSTRACT The Body Mass Index (BMI) can be used by farmers to help determine the time of evaluation of the body mass gain of the animal. However, the calculation of this index does not reveal immediately whether the animal is ready for slaughter or if it needs special care fattening. The aim of this study was to develop a software using the Fuzzy Logic to compare the bovine body mass among themselves and identify the groups for slaughter and those that requires more intensive feeding, using "mass" and "height" variables, and the output Fuzzy BMI. For the development of the software, it was used a fuzzy system with applications in a herd of 147 Nellore cows, located in a city of Santa Rita do Pardo city – Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) state, in Brazil, and a database generated by Matlab software.

Aplicação de programa educativo multidisciplinar em gestações de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas

OBJETIVO: avaliar a aplicação de um programa de intervenção multidisciplinar educativo em mulheres com gestação de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas. MÉTODOS: avaliamos retrospectivamente a aplicação de um programa educativo multidisciplinar em 185 gestantes com doenças endócrinas referenciadas para uma maternidade especializada em gestação de alto risco. As gestantes receberam atenção pré-natal multidisciplinar por times compostos por endocrinologistas, obstetras, ultrassonografistas, enfermeiras e nutricionistas. Informações orais e escritas sobre hábitos saudáveis, cuidados com diabetes, uso de adoçantes artificiais e exercícios na gestação foram passadas na primeira consulta endocrinológica. Plano nutricional individualizado foi feito em primeira visita à nutricionista. Nas reavaliações mensais com nutricionista e quinzenais com endocrinologista, as informações sobre mudanças saudáveis no estilo de vida eram reforçadas e o peso registrado. O grau de aderência à dieta e atividade física foi autorreferido. Comparou-se o peso semanal antes e após a intervenção multidisciplinar, peso fetal ao nascimento, taxa de macrossomia e baixo peso, e a frequência de parto cesário nas quatro categorias de índice de massa corpórea (IMC) pré-gestacional (<18,5; 18,5 a 24,9; 25 a 29,9 e >30 kg/m²). RESULTADOS: a principal patologia de encaminhamento foi o diabetes (84,9%). Um terço das gestantes (31,2%) era composto por portadoras de sobrepeso e 42,5% tinham obesidade pré-gestacional. A maior parte das gestantes foi vista pela primeira vez pela equipe multidisciplinar no terceiro trimestre (64,1%), e 50,5% delas excederam o ganho de peso recomendado para toda a gestação à primeira avaliação. Gestantes obesas excederam o ganho de peso recomendado em 62,5% dos casos. Após a intervenção multidisciplinar, o percentual de gestantes que excedeu o ganho de peso semanal recomendado reduziu em todas as categorias de IMC pré-gestacional (IMCPG), embora diferença estatisticamente significativa tenha sido encontrada apenas no grupo com IMCPG normal (40,6 versus 21,9%, p=0,03). Média do peso fetal ao nascer foi similar entre as categoriais de IMC (p=0,277); entretanto, macrossomia foi mais frequente nas mulheres com sobrepeso e obesidade pré-gestacional. Cesariana foi a via mais frequente de parto, independentemente do IMCPG. CONCLUSÕES: em gestações de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas, abordagem multidisciplinar educativa limita o excessivo ganho de peso semanal apesar da idade gestacional avançada.

Object-oriented Programming Applied to the Development of Structural Analysis and Optimization Software

This paper presents the development of a two-dimensional interactive software environment for structural analysis and optimization based on object-oriented programming using the C++ language. The main feature of the software is the effective integration of several computational tools into graphical user interfaces implemented in the Windows-98 and Windows-NT operating systems. The interfaces simplify data specification in the simulation and optimization of two-dimensional linear elastic problems. NURBS have been used in the software modules to represent geometric and graphical data. Extensions to the analysis of three-dimensional problems have been implemented and are also discussed in this paper.

ANATI QUANTI: software de análises quantitativas para estudos em anatomia vegetal

Em diversos estudos interdisciplinares em que a Anatomia Vegetal é utilizada, análises quantitativas complementares são necessárias. Geralmente, a avaliação micromorfométrica é feita manualmente e/ou utilizando programas computacionais de análise de imagens não específicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um programa específico para Anatomia Vegetal quantitativa e testar sua eficiência e aceitação por usuários. A solução foi elaborada na linguagem Java, visando maior mobilidade em relação ao sistema operacional a ser usado. O software desenvolvido foi denominado ANATI QUANTI e testado pelos alunos, pesquisadores e professores do Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). Todos os entrevistados receberam fotos para efetuarem medições no ANATI QUANTI e comparar com os resultados obtidos utilizando o software disponível. Os voluntários, através de questionários previamente formulados, destacaram as principais vantagens e desvantagens do programa desenvolvido em relação ao software disponível. Além de ser mais específico, simples e ágil do que o software disponível, o ANATI QUANTI é confiável, atendendo à expectativa dos entrevistados. Entretanto, há necessidade de acrescentar recursos adicionais, como a inserção de novas escalas, o que aumentaria a gama de usuários. O ANATI QUANTI já está em uso nas pesquisas desenvolvidas por usuários na UFV. Por ser um software livre e de código aberto, será disponibilizado na internet gratuitamente.

Comparative analysis of vitamin A and iron content in food according to different food composition tables and nutritional evaluation software programs

The objective of this study was to analyze retinol equivalent and iron content in different food composition tables and nutritional evaluation software programs. A literature search was conduct to identify tables and software available in Brazil containing information about retinol equivalent and iron content that are currently used by nutritionists. Ten tables and five software programs were selected for this study. The methodology used to present the retinol equivalent and iron content was evaluated and no pattern to obtain such content was found in the tables and software programs analyzed. Only one of the tables had enough information for the calculation of retinol equivalents; this table is recommended to all Latin America As for the iron content, three of the tables analyzed stand out and therefore should be used; two of them are based on national foods and the other is recommended for use in all Latin America countries. None of the software programs evaluated use the conversion factors suggested by IVACG to assess the vitamin A content in foods. Special attention should be given to the content of iron provided in the software programs since they use tables as international sources and fortified foods.

Cat Scratch Disease in kidney transplant receptors: is it a rare or underdiagnosed pathology?

Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) is an infectious disorder which appears after cat scratching particularly in children and adolescents. Bartonella henselae is the etiologic agent more frequently involved. There are only a few recent reports demonstrating the disease after transplantation, although the illness is not infrequent in immunologically competent people. Indeed CSD in transplant receptors has only been recently emphasized in the literature and it was concluded that fever and lymphadenopathy in patients who had been exposed to cats should prompt clinicians to maintain a suspicion for the infection. In this report CSD infecting a renal transplanted adolescent complaining of headache, blurred vision and fever, presenting a cat scratching lesion in the right arm, with a bilateral painful cervical lymphadenopathy was related. He also presented indirect immunofluorescency identifying that the two subtype's titles of Bartonella-henselae and quintana- were elevated. Treatment with doxicicline e rifampicin was introduced and the patient became asymptomatic in about 3 weeks.

Using Tomato Analyzer software to determine embryo size in x-rayed seeds

A primary interest of image analysis of X-rayed seeds is to identify whether the extent of fill in the embryo cavity is associated with to seed physiological quality. The objective of this research was to verify the accuracy of the freely available Tomato Analyzer (TA) software developed at The Ohio State University to determine the ratio of embryo size over total seed area. Seeds of pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber and cotton were X-rayed and analyzed by the software which defines seed and embryo boundaries and automatically generates numerical values to quantify that ratio. Results showed that the TA has the sensitivity to evaluate the extent of embryo growth within the cucurbits and cotton seeds and is a promising alternative for this assessment in other seed species.

Assessment of physiological potential of cucumber seeds using the software Seedling Vigor Imaging System® (SVIS®)

The software Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®), has been successfully used to evaluate seed physiological potential by automated analyses of scanned seedlings. In this research, the efficiency of this system was compared to other tests accepted for assessing cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seed vigor of distinct seed lots of Supremo and Safira cultivars. Seeds were subjected to germination, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging, seedling emergence, seedling length and SVIS analyses (determination of vigor indices and seedling growth uniformity, lengths of primary root, hypocotyl and whole seedlings). It was also determined whether the definition of seedling growth/uniformity ratios affects the sensitivity of the SVIS®. Results showed that analyses SVIS have provided consistent identification of seed lots performance, and have produced information comparable to those from recommended seed vigor tests, thus demonstrating a suitable sensitivity for a rapid and objective evaluation of physiological potential of cucumber seeds. Analyses of four-days-old cucumber seedlings using the SVIS® are more accurate and growth/uniformity does not affect the precision of results.