Sôbre o aparecimento de resistência múltipla aos antibióticos e quimioterápicos em amostras de Shigelas isoladas no Rio de Janeiro

O aparecimento de shigellas, com resistência múltipla a drogas, se apresenta no Rio de Janeiro com idêntica gravidade já registrada em outros países. No período de 1950-1959, em 51 amostras testas, 9,8% apresentaram resistência infecciosa a várias drogas, enquanto no período 1960-1969 a percentagem elevou-se a 21,3% em 61 amostras. Das 112 culturas de shigellas testadas, 74 eram flexneri, 20 sonnei e 18 dysenteriae, notando-se predominância de resistência a três, quatro e cinco drogas no grupo flexneri.

Poliomyelitis: epidemiological aspects in Rio de Janeiro (Guanabara State) and adjacent areas in the period from 1961 to 1970

Based on the available data from the Hospital responsible for the care of paralitic poliomyelitis cases in Rio de Janeiro City (Guanabara State) and adjacent areas, and the laboratory studies carried out on these patients, the authors analize epidemiological aspects of poliomyelitis in a period of ten years (1961 to 1970). Paralitic poliomyelitis remains a public health problem, with a typical incidence in the less than 4 year age group. All three poliovirus types have been prevalent for at least one period of time during the last ten years. Trivalent oral vaccine has been used since 1961 but the vaccination levels achieved were not enough to a permanent control of the disease. A definite seasonal distribution of cases could not be observed with the available data. Active mass campaign vaccinations with previous motivation of all segments of the population, specially the low-income groups instead of passive waiting of children in Vaccination Centers seems to be the best aproach to control poliomyelitis in this area.