Demonstração do mecanismo da terapia de ressincronização ventricular com ecocardiografia tridimensional em tempo real em paciente com insuficiência cardíaca

Relatamos caso de homem de 66 anos de idade portador de insuficiência cardíaca classe funcional (NYHA) IV que foi submetido a terapia de ressincronização cardíaca por implante de marcapasso biventricular. O paciente foi avaliado antes e 48 horas após o implante do marcapasso com o emprego da ecocardiografia tridimensional transtorácica em tempo real. A utilização da ecocardiografia tridimensional contribuiu para o entendimento do mecanismo envolvido na ressincronização cardíaca através da demonstração da melhor sincronização dos segmentos cardíacos, o que resultou em melhora clínica do paciente.

Retirada percutânea de corpo estranho intracardíaco com técnica original

Relatamos o caso de um paciente com cateter vascular de longa permanência embolizado para o ventrículo direito. Este caso ganha peculiaridade por estarem as duas extremidades do cateter indisponíveis para serem laçadas, dificultando a sua captura pelas técnicas convencionais. Descrevemos um novo método para resgatar o corpo estranho através de sua porção central, utilizando apenas um cateter com dois sistemas independentes de "laço" e de "gancho".

Uso de stents farmacológicos na "vida real": a importância dos registros

Nas últimas décadas, a eficácia e a segurança dos stents não-farmacológicos (SNF) e dos stents farmacológicos (SF) têm sido demonstradas em muitos ambientes clínicos diferentes, levando ao seu uso em mais de 75% de procedimentos no mundo todo. Comparados aos SNF, os SF mostraram menores taxas de reestenose angiográfica e revascularização do vaso-alvo. Esse benefício foi inicialmente demonstrado em estudos que excluíram pacientes com lesões mais complexas, tais como aquelas com vasos mais calibrosos ou finos, oclusão crônica, lesões bifurcadas, reestenose de stent, lesões longas e do tronco da coronária esquerda. Essa população do "mundo real" tem sido recentemente avaliada em muitos registros e meta-análises que são aqui revisados.

Efficacy and Safety of Drug-Eluting Stents in the Real World: 8-Year Follow-Up

Background: Drug-eluting stents have been used in daily practice since 2002, with the clear advantages of reducing the risk of target vessel revascularization and an impressive reduction in restenosis rate by 50%-70%. However, the occurrence of a late thrombosis can compromise long-term results, particularly if the risks of this event were sustained. In this context, a registry of clinical cases gains special value. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents in the real world. Methods: We report on the clinical findings and 8-year follow-up parameters of all patients that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with a drug-eluting stent from January 2002 to April 2007. Drug-eluting stents were used in accordance with the clinical and interventional cardiologist decision and availability of the stent. Results: A total of 611 patients were included, and clinical follow-up of up to 8 years was obtained for 96.2% of the patients. Total mortality was 8.7% and nonfatal infarctions occurred in 4.3% of the cases. Target vessel revascularization occurred in 12.4% of the cases, and target lesion revascularization occurred in 8% of the cases. The rate of stent thrombosis was 2.1%. There were no new episodes of stent thrombosis after the fifth year of follow-up. Comparative subanalysis showed no outcome differences between the different types of stents used, including Cypher®, Taxus®, and Endeavor®. Conclusion: These findings indicate that drug-eluting stents remain safe and effective at very long-term follow-up. Patients in the "real world" may benefit from drug-eluting stenting with excellent, long-term results.

Development of a real time polymerase chain reaction for quantitation of Schistosoma mansoni DNA

This report describes the development of a SYBR Green I based real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for detection on the ABI Prism 7000 instrument. Primers targeting the gene encoding the SSU rRNA were designed to amplify with high specificity DNA from Schistosoma mansoni, in a real time quantitative PCR system. The limit of detection of parasite DNA for the system was 10 fg of purified genomic DNA, that means less than the equivalent to one parasite cell (genome ~580 fg DNA). The efficiency was 0.99 and the correlation coefficient (R²) was 0.97. When different copy numbers of the target amplicon were used as standards, the assay could detect at least 10 copies of the specific target. The primers used were designed to amplify a 106 bp DNA fragment (Tm 83ºC). The assay was highly specific for S. mansoni, and did not recognize DNA from closely related non-schistosome trematodes. The real time PCR allowed for accurate quantification of S. mansoni DNA and no time-consuming post-PCR detection of amplification products by gel electrophoresis was required. The assay is potentially able to quantify S. mansoni DNA (and indirectly parasite burden) in a number of samples, such as snail tissue, serum and feces from patients, and cercaria infested water. Thus, these PCR protocols have potential to be used as tools for monitoring of schistosome transmission and quantitative diagnosis of human infection.