A integração regional como mecanismo para provisão de bens públicos: uma análise comparativa da agenda de segurança pública no Mercosul e na Comunidade Andina de Nações

Para entender se o processo de integração regional pode ser um mecanismo para o provimento de bens públicos regionais, parte-se do modelo de Olson (1965) que identifica as variáveis relevantes para compreender como os membros de um grupo superam seus dilemas de ação coletiva. A comparação entre Mercosul e CAN no tocante ao tráfico de drogas possibilita concluir que em ambos os acordos há provimento subótimo de segurança pública, ainda que o Mercosul apresente alguns avanços relativamente à CAN.

The UN peacebuilding process: an analysis of its shortcomings in Timor-Leste

This paper brings a comprehensive analysis of the peacebuilding process conducted by the UN in Timor-Leste. Drawing on fieldwork, interviews, and secondary sources, the paper brings light to the main fragilities of this process. Firstly, the paper briefly outlines the scholarly debate around UN peacebuilding process. Then, the paper brings an overview of the UN missions deployed to Timor-Leste. Finally, the paper identifies the major limitations of such engagement. By highlighting the main flaws of this peacebuilding process, the paper opens the space for (re)thinking alternative ways of building peace in post-conflict scenarios.

Political conditions for successful inflation stabilization: comparing Brazil and Argentina

This study tries to understand how Brazil and Argentina, two countries with chronically high inflation, achieved permanent stabilization by looking at political factors necessary for stabilization. It suggests that, although state autonomy or political unity may contribute to successful price stabilization, reconciling the interests of different stakeholders and thereby building a broad political support base is more essential for stabilization to succeed. Political skills of the leaders and compensatory policies may help raise such support and they are more crucial where other political conditions are less favorable. Also, rapid improvement in the economy is important for sustained political support, and thus, for successful stabilization.

Os Estados Unidos e a ameaça do crime organizado transnacional nos anos 1990

O estudo analisa a inserção do crime organizado transnacional na agenda de segurança dos Estados Unidos e sua qualificação como uma das principais ameaças contemporâneas à ordem internacional pós Guerra Fria. Os resultados apontam a importância dos dois mandatos de Clinton (1993-2001) neste processo, cuja maior expressão é a Presidential Decision Directive 42, ao viabilizar, inclusive, a reorganização das estruturas policiais, militares e de Inteligência do país para combater esta ameaça. Conclui-se que a década de 1990 é o momento determinante da identificação norte-americana desta criminalidade como uma ameaça inédita, estrangeira e de grandes proporções.

EU Commission participation in the Troika mission: is there a European Union price to pay?

The article is intended to debate two questions regarding the involvement of the Commission in the Troika's action: firstly, considering the nature of financial assistance programs, it aims to discuss the effect of the Commission's participation in Troika negotiations on the balance of power of the EU institutions; and secondly, the article raises the issue of the Commission's liability for the results achieved by the financial assistance program, taking into account the extent of the conditions imposed, as well as the intensity of scrutiny by the Troika.

Transformações da ordem econômica mundial, do final do século 19 à Segunda Guerra Mundial

Ensaio de caráter histórico sobre as grandes mudanças ocorridas na economia mundial, da belle époque a Bretton Woods, enfatizando elementos de continuidade e de ruptura, tanto no plano do comércio, como no das finanças internacionais, bem como aspectos institucionais. Dentre os primeiros elementos se situam a permanência de um mesmo grupo de nações de economia avançada no pelotão das potências dominantes que formulam e determinam a agenda política internacional, bem como a importância do poderio tecnológico e industrial para apoiar a projeção estratégica e militar dessas potências; dentre as rupturas podem ser citadas a derrota dos emergentes, em especial Japão e Alemanha, que desafiaram a ordem política e econômica mundial mediante tentativas de projeção imperial que destoavam dos esforços de interdependência global que estavam sendo construídos pelas principais economias de mercado, todas de orientação política liberal democrática. A outra potência emergente no período, a União Soviética, foi relativamente marginal economicamente no período e só projetaria poder, verdadeiramente, no final da Segunda Guerra Mundial.

International drivers of Brazilian agricultural cooperation in Africa in the post-2008 economic crisis

This text focuses on the major drivers of Brazilian agricultural cooperation in Africa as conceived and pursued from 2004 to 2014, with emphasis on the impacts of political and economic international changes that took place in that period, and particularly the impacts of the 2008 economic crisis, in framing Brazil's foreign policy and development assistance initiatives. It addresses current international forces and developments at the systemic level, but also analyses recent economic domestic developments, in particular those directly related to Brazilian agriculture and those related to the policy framework of its evolving internationalization. Special attention is paid to the dual dimensions of Brazilian agricultural policy and to its projection in agricultural cooperation as pursed in Africa.

Environmental issues and international relations, a new global (dis)order - the role of International Relations in promoting a concerted international system

Is it possible to talk about the rise of a new global (dis)order founded on the challenges posed by environmental issues? Through the review of the state of the art on the subject, this article analyzes the growing importance of the environment, and natural resources in particular, in international relations; and aims to raise awareness among International Relations scholars to the potential positive impact of the development of the discipline in integration with global environmental change studies.

Towards modular regionalism: the proliferation of Latin American cooperation

This article addresses three questions: why there was a surge in regional cooperation projects in Latin America in the last decade; how to characterize the current multi-faceted scenario; and how to make this complexity work. After a review of six theoretical perspectives, an original conceptual approach is proposed: "modular regionalism." This credibly answers the three questions and offers policy recommendations.

The US experience in contracting out security and lessons for other countries

The United States has gone further than any country in the "privatization of security". Other countries may find the economic or financial logic in the use of contractors persuasive. The US experience with contracting out security, particularly in Iraq, was problematic, and can serve as a cautionary tale in order that other countries might learn how to avoid the pitfalls.

Reviewing horizontalization: the challenge of analysis in Brazilian foreign policy

Abstract This article presents the increasing demands over the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Itamaraty) for opening its doors to other actors. This discussion will be followed by relevant theoretical and methodological analysis. We will defend the need to overcome problems related to: 1) conceptual vagueness about what the concept of participation means; 2) lack of clarity in the baseline to which comparisons are made; 3) fragile empirical basis; 4) limitations on the use of sources; and 5) how to understand the impact exerted by systemic forces.

Discourses of cyberspace securitization in Brazil and in the United States

Abstract This paper uses the framework of the Copenhagen School to understand the process of securitization of cyberspace, exploring how something in such sphere becomes a threat. Seeking to contribute to the debate, this study analyses the securitization discourses of Brazil and of the United States from Hansen and Nissenbaum's (2009) theorization about the existence of a specific sector for cybersecurity. To comprehend the securitization of cyberspace in these terms allows not only to identify distinct levels of securitization, but also to capture the dynamics of cyber threats, distinguishing them from those existent in other sectors, as well as to trace distinctions between tendencies of securitization and militarization.

Reshaping European Union development policy: collective choices and the new global order

Abstract The European Union (EU) is one of the world´s leading donors in official development assistance (ODA) to give a strong weight in the relationship with recipient partner countries, in particular with those that are more dependent on it. Besides the material weight of its funding, the EU has retained historical ties and influence in diplomatic, political and economic terms in many of its ODA recipient partner countries (particular in Sub-Saharan Africa). Since the 2000s, the EU development policy has not only undergone major structural changes in its institutional framework but also has started to face a new international aid scenario. This paper explores why a normative-based EU development policy is being challenged by reformed EU institutions and a new global order, and how the EU is attempting to respond to this context in face of the deepest recession since the end of the Second World War.

Pope Francis and the challenges of inter-civilization diplomacy

Abstract This article addresses the role of Pope Francis in the interfaith and inter-civilization dialogue of the Holy See. Specifically, it analyses the main aspects of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Russia, China, Islamic countries and Israel, and provides perspectives on the inter-civilization diplomacy of the Holy See during the current pontificate.