Projeto Sérgio Arouca: Relato de Experiência

RESUMO Historicamente, a formação médica encontra-se voltada para o tradicional modelo biomédico. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos Cursos de Medicina, aprovadas em 2001, indicam a necessidade de ajustar a formação de recursos humanos ao serviço, seguindo os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Em conformidade com tais Diretrizes, o governo federal elabora, em 2005, o Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde), com o objetivo de favorecer a formação de profissionais adequados às perspectivas da Atenção Básica. Em 2009, no contexto do Pró-Saúde e inspirados pelo Projeto Rondon, professores do curso de Medicina da Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali) criam o Projeto Sérgio Arouca, uma iniciativa que visa à atuação na Atenção Básica de municípios carentes do Estado de Santa Catarina. O presente relato baseia-se em participações de acadêmicos de Medicina e objetiva demonstrar o quanto estas experiências foram enriquecedoras para a formação profissional e a construção de uma nova visão da prática médica, enfrentando situações e cenários distintos dos vivenciados no cotidiano na universidade.

Edema pulmonar de reexpansão tratado com ventilação não invasiva: relato de caso

The authors report a case of Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema (RPE) seen at Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre 3 hours after drainage of spontaneous pneumothorax. The patient presented a unilateral pneumothorax with one-week duration. After pleural drainage respiratory failure occured being managed at the Intensive Care Unit with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation through facial mask. The patient had favorable outcome and was discharged asymtomatic after 72 hours.

Adenocarcinoma de apêndice: relato de dois casos

The authors report two cases of patients with appendix adenocarcinoma, manifested as a syndrome of abdominal tumor of unknown origin. It was not possible to perform etiological diagnosis in the preoperative period for any of them. Literature data show that large locoregional tumor is a manifestation of appendix adenocarcinoma, although acute appendicites is the most frequent clinical manifestation. Preoperative diagnosis is rare and usually performed during laparotomy or through histopathological examination of the specimen. In large tumors, total mass resection including hemicolectomy should be carried out whenever possible. Whenever diagnosis of appendix adenocarcinoma is performed by the histopathological examination of the acute appendicites specimen, re-intervention is indicated for a right hemicolectomy.

Pneumopericárdio após traumatismo penetrante: relato de três casos

Pneumopericardium after penetrating wound represents a high suspicion for cardiac wound. Some authors recommend thoracotomy to discharge a cardiac lesion. We present three cases of post-traumatic pneumopericardium one following a gunshot wound and two following a stab wound and discuss about diagnosis and treatment. None showed clinical signs of cardiac tamponade. Diagnosis was made by chest x-ray. Pneumopericardium was identified at the initial evaluation in two patients, who had concomitant hemothorax and underwent chest drainage. The patient with penetrating thoracic wound by gunshot pneumopericardium developed 24h after trauma. Treatment was directed to the associated lesions without specific measurements for pneumopericardium. This aproach was safe in these patients.

Linfomas malt do cólon: relato de dois casos

The authors report two cases of MALT (Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue) lymphoma of the colon, describing their peculiarities related to diagnosis, treatment and imunopathology. Both had no signs of systemic disease and were submitted to colectomy. Follow-up was uneventful . It's emphasized about raising the possibility of a MALT neoplasm whenever investigating a colonic tumor and the value of imunocitochemistry in the correct diagnosis of these lesions. We also discuss about the pathogens of this lesion.

Síndrome de Ogilvie: relato de dois casos tratados com cecostomia

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction or Ogilvie’s Syndrome is characterized by signs and symptoms of large bowel obstruction without evidence of mechanical cause. The authors report two cases of patients with acute obstructive abdomen who were previously submitted to clinical treatment with no sucess. Later on one of them was submitted to laparoscopic cecostomy and the other to colonoscopic cecostomy The results showed that only the interventionist methods were successful.

Divertículo de Zenker: relato de três casos

Pharyngoesophageal diverticula are epithelial-lined pouches that protrude from the esophageal lumen. They were studied by Zenker in 1878,receiving the denomination of Zenker's diverticulum. They are false diverticula since they don't have all layers of the esophageal wall. Although they are most common esophageal diverticula . Their incidence is of 3% of the patient presenting dysphagia. Current , there are several therapeutic modalities, from dilatation of the esophagus to surgery with resection of the diverticulum. The report refers to three patients with Zenker's diverticulum who underwent conventional surgical treatment.

Variação anatômica da artéria torácica interna lateral: relato de caso

The objective of this report was to describe a variation in the origin of the lateral internal thoracic artery (LITA), a variable large-caliber artery in the thoracic wall. This report presents a case in which a trunk coming from the subclavian artery (SCA) bifurcates and gives origin to the LITA and internal thoracic artery (ITA). This case demonstrates an unusual bilateral origin for the LITA, which emerges together with the ITA rather than directly from the SCA, as could be expected. Although such presentation is uncommon, the possibility that it could be damaged during surgical interventions such as thoracotomy and pleural drainage justifies our report .

Sump syndrome: relato de caso

Sump Syndrome after choledochoduodenostomy is becoming rare, mainly because endoscopic procedures are replacing this surgery. We report a case of this syndrome where the only symptom was pain. The diagnosis was made after 3 years and many doctors attended the patient. The treatment was endoscopic and the result was excellent.

Tuberculose esofágica primária: relato de caso

Esophageal tuberculosis is an extremely rare event, accounting for 0.2 percent of these cases affecting the esophagus. Most of them are secondary to pulmonary disease. The authors present a case of primary esophageal tuberculosis in a 40 years old HIV-positive female.

Síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers: relato de caso

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a dominant autosomal inherited disorder characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps in association with mucocutaneous melanocytic maculae. This syndrome is rare, and the frequency reaches from 1 in 60,000 to 1 in 300,000 people in the USA. The symptom presentations vary greatly in this disease. Some patients require minor clinical treatment while others undergo many hospitalizations and surgical treatments. In addition, patients with PJS have an increased risk for developing a variety of malignant tumors. The aim of the present study was to report one case studied of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Câncer gástrico de origem estromal: relato de caso

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST), despite rare, is the most common digestive tract mesenchymal tumor. Modern histogenesis studies have shown its stromal origin and not a muscular origin as it had been believed before. Diagnosis is made through immunohistochemical studies (CD- 117) and treatment is achieved with surgery followed by chemotherapy and has good results. The authors describe a case of gastric GIST discovered after upper gastrointestinal bleeding presentation, and treated successfully.

Obstrução intestinal por volvo de ceco, relato de caso

Cecal volvulus (CV) establishes the main appearance of the anomalies related to intestinal malrotation. Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms compatible to intestinal obstructions and complementary examinations as: single radiography form abdomen, opaque enema, computerized tomography and colonoscopy. Therapeutics modalities include: colonoscopy reducing, cecopexy and right colectomy. This article reports a CV case giving emphasis in different diagnosis and therapeutics behaviors.

Hiperplasia endotelial papilífera de supra-renal: relato de caso

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia is a benign and rare intravascular process thought to arise from an organizing thrombus. Involvement of the adrenal gland is extremely rare, with only one case reported in the literature. We report a case of this vascular lesion in the adrenal gland, treated with laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Intussuscepção intestinal em adultos jovens: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

Embora sejam a principal causa de obstrução intestinal na população pediátrica, intussuscepções intestinais são eventos raros em adultos e quando acontecem, têm características clínicas diferentes dos seus equivalentes em crianças. O objetivo desse trabalho é de apresentar um caso de um jovem do sexo masculino, de 16 anos, previamente hígido, que procurou o serviço de emergência do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo com um quadro de intussuscepção intestinal como primeira manifestação de um linfoma não-Hodgkin difuso de células B de alto grau, tipo Burkitt. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura pertinente, e aspectos relevantes do caso são discutidos à luz dessas informações.