65 resultados para Ni(II) complexes,


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Voltammetric technique was used to study the binary and ternary complexes of cadmium with L-amino acids and vitamin-C (L-ascorbic acid) at pH =7.30 ± 0.01, µ = 1.0M KNO3 at 25ºC and 35ºC. Cd (II) formed 1:1:1, 1:1:2 and 1:2:1 complexes with L-lysine, L-ornithine, L-threonine, L-serine, L-phenylglycine, L-phenylalanine, L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid used as primary ligands and L-ascorbic acid used as secondary ligand. The trend of stability constant of complexes was L-lysine < L-ornithine < L-threonine < L-serine < L-phenylglycine < L-phenylalanine < L-glutamic acid < L-aspartic acid which can be explained on the basis of size, basicity and steric hindrance of ligands. The values of stability constant (log β) varied from 2.23 to11.33 confirm that these drugs i.e. L-amino acids or in combination with L-ascorbic acid or their complexes could be used against Cd (II) toxicity. The study has been carried out at 35ºC also to determine the thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (ΔH), Free energy change (ΔG) and entropy change (ΔS) respectively.

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The Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) metal ions complexes of Bis(4-amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) alkanes (BATs) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements infrared, magnetic susceptibility, the electronic spectral data and thermal studies. Based on spectral and magnetic results, the ligands are tetradentate coordinating through the N and S-atoms of BATs; six-coordinated octahedral or distorted octahedral and some times four-coordinated square planar were proposed for these complexes. Activation energies computed for the thermal decomposition steps were compared. The ligands and their metal complexes were tested in vitro for their biological effects. Their activities against two gram-positive, two gram-negative bacteria and two fungal species were found to vary from moderate to very strong.

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Some cyclopalladated compounds containing the azido group ligand and the (C-N) ring of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine have been prepared by bridge opening reactions of dimmer azide complex precursor with some diphosphines in different stoichiometric quantities. The neutral or ionic, mono or binuclear complexes synthesized were characterized by elemental analyses, I. R. spectroscopy and NMR techniques. The series of complexes was screened for cytotoxicity against a panel three human tumour cells lines(C6,Hep-2,HeLa). All complexes were found to be cytotoxic (IC50) at µM concentrations while one complex having the coordination bond N-Pd ruptured also displayed some differential cytotoxicity.

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Cation exchange capabilities of a Brazilian natural zeolite, identified as scolecite, were evaluated for application in wastewater control. We investigated the process of sorption of chromium(III), nickel(II), cadmium(II) and manganese(II) in synthetic aqueous effluents, including adsorption isotherms of single-metal solutions. The natural zeolite showed the ability to take up the tested heavy metals in the order Cr(III) > Cd(II) > Ni(II) > Mn(II), and this could be related to the valence and the hydration radius of the metal cations. The influence of temperature (25, 40 and 60 ºC) and initial pH value (from 4 to 6) was also evaluated. It was found that the adsorption increased substantially when the temperature was raised to 60 ºC and that maximum adsorption capacity was observed at pH 6. These results demonstrate that scolecite can be used for removal of heavy metals from aqueous effluents, under optimized conditions.

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This review presents studies on methyl coenzyme M reductase, the biological system Factor 430 (F430) and the use of nickel(II) complexes as structural and functional models. The ability of F430 and nickel(II) macrocycle complexes to mediate the reductive dehalogenation of cyclohexyl halogens and the CH3-S bond cleavage of methyl CoM (by sodium borohydride and some intermediate species) proposed for the catalytic cycle of the biological system F430 was reviewed. The importance of the structure of the nickel complexes and the condition of the catalytic reduction reaction are also discussed.

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A novel type of heavy metal adsorbent was prepared by the covalent grafting of thioglycolic acid molecules on a silica gel surface previsiouly modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The amount of thioglycolic acid immobilized was 1.03 mmol per gram of silica. This material displayed a chelating moiety containing nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen basic centers which are potentially capable of extracting from aqueous solutions cations such as Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), influenced by pH and ionic strength. This process of extraction was carried out by the batch method when similar chemisorption isotherms were observed for all cations. A modified Langmuir equation describes the experimental data.

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In this work, we describe the immobilization of the dinuclear compound [Cu2(apyhist)2Cl2](ClO4)2 (1) and its derived cations complexes, obtained in water solution or by deprotonation of the imidazolate moiety in the ligand leading to a cyclic tetranuclear species, in the Nafion® membrane on glass carbon electrode surface. After that, we studied the influence of the equilibrium in the electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2O2 in the development of an amperometric sensor for the analytical determination of hydrogen peroxide. This strategy proved successful, and the electrochemical behaviour of the all complexes formed within the Nafion® coatings was characterized. We also provide evidence that its related cyclic tetranuclear imidazolate-bridged complex acts as a catalysts for the intramolecular, two-electron reduction of H2O2.

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Efluentes aquosos industriais são a principal causa de contaminação das águas com metais pesados. Diante de uma legislação cada vez mais rígida para o descarte desses metais, o desenvolvimento de procedimentos eficientes e de baixo custo para o tratamento de efluentes contendo metais pesados torna-se de grande interesse. Um estudo sobre a capacidade de retenção de metais pesados pela zeólita natural escolecita foi realizado, de modo a se avaliar a viabilidade desta aplicação. Os cátions utilizados foram Mn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II) e Cr(III). Nesta etapa do trabalho, foi avaliado o comportamento da zeólita na adsorção seletiva de cátions presentes nos pares Cd/Mn, Cr/Ni, Cr/Cd e Ni/Mn, bem como a possibilidade de dessorção dos cátions metálicos adsorvidos em sua estrutura. A escolecita apresentou uma seletividade que pode ser relacionada, na maioria dos casos, à valência e ao raio iônico das espécies hidratadas. Os cátions Cr(III) e Ni(II) foram fortemente adsorvidos, não podendo ser substancialmente removidos por troca com cátions sódio ou cálcio. Dos cátions testados, apenas o Cd(II) apresentou comportamento de adsorção e de dessorção atípicos, demonstrando uma elevada labilidade no processo de troca iônica.

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Argilas constituem uma classe de complexos micro-heterogêneos e podem ser utilizados como substrato para adsorção. O seu comportamento de sorção em fase sólida intensificada pela presença de surfactantes, argilas organofílicas, é um importante fenômeno explorado pela tecnologia ambiental para a remoção de compostos orgânicos policíclicos (hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos, HPA) da água, introduzidos no ambiente por fontes antropogênicas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o comportamento fotofísico do antraceno, como modelo de HPA, em sistemas micro-heterogêneos argila-surfactantes-íons metálicos (M(II)= Cd(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), Ni(II) e Pb(II); surfactantes: CTACl; SDS; TR-X100). Os estudos foram conduzidos pelo monitoramento na mudança das propriedades de fluorescência estática e na supressão da emissão do antraceno utilizado como sonda fluorescente. Como supressores foram utilizados os cátions metálicos: Cd(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), Ni(II) e Pb(II). O perfil do espectro de fluorescência e os resultados dos ensaios de supressão da fluorescência da sonda permitiram inferir na localização do sítio de solubilização do antraceno nos sistemas micro-heterogêneos estudados e na conseqüente organização dos mesmos.

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Thermal stability and thermal decomposition of succinic acid, sodium succinate and its compounds with Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were investigated employing simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) in nitrogen and carbon dioxide atmospheres and TG-FTIR in nitrogen atmosphere. On heating, in both atmospheres the succinic acid melt and evaporate, while for the sodium succinate the thermal decomposition occurs with the formation of sodium carbonate. For the transition metal succinates the final residue up to 1180 ºC in N2 atmosphere was a mixture of metal and metal oxide in no simple stoichiometric relation, except for Zn compound, where the residue was a small quantity of carbonaceous residue. For the CO2 atmosphere the final residue up to 980 ºC was: MnO, Fe3O4, CoO, ZnO and mixtures of Ni, NiO and Cu, Cu2O.

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The three organometallic complexes [(Cis-PtII (DDH) (2,5-Dihidroxibenzensulfonic)2, RhI (CO)2 Cl(2-Aminobenzothiazole) and RhI (CO)2 Cl(5-Cl-2-Methilbenzothiazole)] used in this study had been previously found to have a high in vitro activity against promastigote and amastigote like forms of Leishmania donovani. Here, the cytotoxic effect of these new organometallic complexes on the J-774 macrophages were studied. Only the RhI(CO)2 Cl (2-Aminobenzothiazole) complex induced substantial toxicity in the cells. Also, we assayed the effect of this complex on the parasite's biosynthesis of macromolecules. The RhI(CO)2Cl (5-Cl-2-Methylbenzothiazole) complex inhibited DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. On the other hand, the two other compounds tested did not inhibit the incorporation of radioactive precursors. Finally important ultrastructural alterations in the parasites treated with the two non-cytotoxic complexes were observed.

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This work reports the in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparumblood forms (W2 clone, chloroquine-resistant) of tamoxifen-based compounds and their ferrocenyl (ferrocifens) and ruthenocenyl (ruthenocifens) derivatives, as well as their cytotoxicity against HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Surprisingly with these series, results indicate that the biological activity of ruthenocifens is better than that of ferrocifens and other tamoxifen-like compounds. The synthesis of a new metal-based compound is also described. It was shown, for the first time, that ruthenocifens are good antiplasmodial prototypes. Further studies will be conducted aiming at a better understanding of their mechanism of action and at obtaining new compounds with better therapeutic profile.

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Physico-chemical properties of 3,4-dimethoxybenzoates of Co(II), Cu(II), La(III) and Nd(III) were studied. The complexes were obtained as hydrated or anhydrous polycrystalline solids with a metal ion-ligand mole ratio of 1 : 2 for divalent ions and of 1 : 3 in the case of trivalent cations. Their colours depend on the kind of central ion: pink for Co(II) complex, blue for Cu(II), white for La(III) and violet for Nd(III) complexes. The carboxylate groups in these compounds are monodentate, bidentate bridging or chelating and tridentate ligands. Their thermal decomposition was studied in the range of 293-1173 K. Hydrated complexes lose crystallization water molecules in one step and form anhydrous compounds, that next decompose to the oxides of respective metals. 3,4 - Dimethoxybenzoates of Co(II) is directly decomposed to the appropriate oxide and that of Nd(III) is also ultimately decomposed to its oxide but with the intemediate formation of Nd2O2CO3.. The magnetic moment values of 3,4-dimethoxybenzoates determined in the range of 76-303 K change from 4.22 µB to 4.61 µB for Co(II) complex , from 0.49 µB to 1.17 µB for Cu(II) complex , and from 2.69 µB to 3.15 µB for Nd(III) complex.

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A utilização agrícola de resíduos industriais e urbanos com elevados teores de metais pesados tem aumentado a preocupação em determinar quais as concentrações "disponíveis" destes elementos no solo. Neste sentido, foi realizado um experimento, em casa de vegetação da FCAV-UNESP, com objetivo de comparar métodos de análise (DTPA, HCl 0,1 mol L-1, Mehlich-1 e Mehlich-3) para avaliação da disponibilidade de Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb e Zn para plantas de milho (Zea mays L.), cultivadas em dois solos que receberam biossólido e corretivos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições, segundo o esquema fatorial 2 × 2 × 5 (dois solos, presença ou ausência de corretivos e cinco doses de biossólido). Os solos utilizados foram: Neossolo Quartzarênico órtico típico (RQ) e Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico argiloso (LV). Nos tratamentos com calagem, foram adicionados materiais corretivos para elevar o pH(CaCl2) do solo a 5,3. As doses de biossólido utilizadas foram de 0; 13; 26; 52 e 78 g vaso-1 (equivalentes a 0; 10; 20; 40 e 60 t ha-1), com base no material seco. Nenhum dos extratores testados se destacou para avaliação conjunta de todos os metais. A inclusão do pH do solo nos modelos de regressão melhorou significativamente a relação entre o Mn acumulado na parte aérea das plantas e o determinado pelos extratores.

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A reciclagem do lodo de esgoto em solos agrícolas é uma das formas mais racionais de utilização desse material. Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o efeito da aplicação de lodo de esgoto em alguns atributos químicos de um Argissolo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar por dois anos. O experimento foi instalado em um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico cultivado com a variedade RB855536. O ensaio foi realizado durante dois períodos (outubro de 2002 a agosto de 2003 - ano agrícola 2003/04 e outubro de 2003 a outubro de 2004 - ano agrícola 2004/05). Os tratamentos testados foram oito: (a) Controle; (b) Fertilização Mineral (120 kg ha-1 N + 150 kg ha-1 K2O); c) LE + 0N, incorporado no solo após a aplicação (ISA); (d) LE + 0N, incorporado no solo 60 dias após a aplicação (IS60A); (e) LE + 60 kg ha-1 N (ISA); (f) LE + 60 kg ha-1 N (IS60A); (g) LE + 120 kg ha-1 N (ISA); e (h) LE + 120 kg ha-1 N (IS60A). O lodo de esgoto foi resultante de tratamento biológico e aeróbio, e a dose aplicada foi calculada em função da mineralização do N e suficiente para fornecer 120 kg ha-1 de N. Os resultados mostram que a aplicação do lodo causou incrementos nos teores de C do solo, sendo aqueles verificados no segundo ano maiores dos que os do primeiro. A incorporação do LE 60 dias após sua aplicação resultou nos maiores teores de C, provavelmente em função da desidratação do resíduo e do menor contato deste com as partículas do solo. Os demais atributos avaliados (pH, P, K, Ca e Mg) não foram alterados com a aplicação do resíduo. Apesar disso, nas folhas, os tratamentos com lodo apresentaram os maiores teores de P, indicando que o LE pode ter atuado como fonte do nutriente. Verificou-se aumento nos teores de Cu e Zn disponíveis no solo com a aplicação do LE. Os teores de metais, nutrientes e não-nutrientes de plantas, estiveram dentro das faixas consideradas adequadas, tanto no solo quanto nas folhas de cana-de-açúcar, mesmo com a reaplicação do lodo. Apesar de esses metais terem sido adicionados no solo, via LE, não foi observado aumento nos teores de Cd, Cr, Ni e Pb no solo com a aplicação do resíduo. De maneira similar, os teores desses elementos nas folhas não foram alterados pela adição de lodo no solo.