486 resultados para Brasileirão na Rede
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Analisar a inovação tecnológica brasileira na área de radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem, em termos de indicadores de patentes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo analítico-exploratório de informações recuperadas por meio de consultas cruzadas nas bases de dados dos escritórios de propriedade intelectual do Brasil (Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial - INPI), dos Estados Unidos (United States Patent and Trademark Office - USPTO) e da Europa (European Patent Office - EPO). RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas 277.057 patentes. Desse total, 7.800 foram registradas no INPI (3%), 65.428 (24%) registradas no EPO e 203.829 (73%) emitidas no USPTO. O Brasil é o país signatário em 1.732 patentes publicadas no INPI, 80 no EPO e 26 no escritório USPTO. Globalmente, 219.993 (79%) patentes referiam-se a dispositivos eletrônicos ligados a informática em saúde, ultrassonografia, ressonância magnética, tomografia computadorizada e procedimentos de geração, comunicação e arquivamento de imagens, e 57.064 (21%) das patentes tratavam das tecnologias relacionadas a radioproteção e dosimetria, física nuclear, eletroterapia, terapia magnética e radioterapia. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos apontam para a fragilidade da produção nacional de inovação tecnológica registrada em patentes, no campo de radiologia e diagnóstico por Imagem.
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OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a situação do gerenciamento de efluentes radiográficos em serviços de diagnóstico por imagem, em relação ao manuseio, acondicionamento, armazenamento, tratamento e descarte desses efluentes. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Tratou-se de estudo descritivo e exploratório, realizado por meio de entrevistas baseadas em roteiro com perguntas semiestruturadas, realizadas no período de fevereiro a maio de 2009. A investigação foi realizada em 12 serviços de saúde humana e animal de radiodiagnóstico de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil, escolhidos aleatoriamente por sorteio por meio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 10.0. RESULTADOS: De acordo com os entrevistados, 16,66% dos serviços descartavam revelador usado na rede pública de esgoto, sem tratamento prévio, 8,33% descartavam o fixador e 75% descartavam a água de lavagem de filmes diretamente no esgoto, sem tratamento prévio. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam necessidade de maior fiscalização, controle e monitoramento, pela vigilância ambiental e sanitária, para com os efluentes radiográficos, estimulando tratamento antes do descarte, minimizando o impacto à saúde pública e ao ambiente.
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Novas técnicas de exames têm sido desenvolvidas com o objetivo de se obter não apenas uma avaliação estrutural, mas também uma análise funcional e metabólica de diversos órgãos e tipos de lesões. Entre estas ferramentas, a perfusão por tomografia computadorizada (PTC) tem despertado o interesse de muitos pesquisadores em estudar a sua aplicabilidade em órgãos e doenças abdominais. Entre estas aplicações podemos citar a avaliação do comportamento biológico de tecidos sadios e doentes, a diferenciação de processos inflamatórios de tumorais e o diagnóstico da recidiva tumoral após terapêuticas minimamente invasivas. A principal característica da PTC reside na sua capacidade de caracterizar comportamentos perfusionais distintos e que traduzem alterações biológicas de determinadas lesões e tecidos doentes. Dessa forma, o nosso objetivo foi realizar uma ampla revisão da literatura, mostrando as principais técnicas e protocolos utilizados nos exames de PTC, as principais indicações, vantagens e desvantagens do método, além de propor um protocolo de exame que possa ser introduzido na rede privada e pública de saúde, com reprodutibilidade e simplicidade de implementação.
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The salt accumulation process in some reservoirs of regular and irregular use (from 10 to 50 years of constrution), located in the Southeast of Bahia State was evaluated. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was used to evaluate the concentrations of Na, K, Ca and Mg in water samples from inside and upstream of the reservoirs. The results showed that for reservoirs of irregular use, the salt accumulation, indicated by the tracer Na, increases with the age of the reservoirs, however for the reservoirs of regular use the hydraulic retention time is the main parameter.
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The aim of this paper was to determine the 10-HDA in pure royal jelly and products containing royal jelly, using HPLC methodology. 10-HDA is the natural indicator of the presence of royal jelly in products and also gives the authenticity of pure royal jelly. The chromatographic conditions used were: isocratic system, C18-H column, auto sampler, diode array UV-VIS detector (225 nm), mobile phase with methanol/water (45:55), pH= 2.5 and a-naphtol as internal standard. The results obtained using laboratory samples for pure royal jelly were 2.37%, varying from 0.15% for honey with 10% of royal jelly to 2.10% for honey with 90% of royal jelly respectivelly. For commercial products, the 10-HDA content varied from no detectable to 0.026%. The recovery test presented a minumum of 100.44% The detection limit was 45.92 ng/mL and the quantification limit was 76.53 ng/mL.
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The performances of eight kinds of insulators from electrical distribution lines in Salvador-BA, Brazil, were evaluated considering the chemical and physical local environmental pollution. The parameters that were chosen as characteristic for the insulators' properties were leakage current and partial electrical discharge. A data storage processing system and a communication link to the lab were built for data acquisition. The results show that the main contribution to the poor performance of the insulators is settleable magnetite particulate matter on the insulator in addition to the long term wetness time, t4.
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The spatial and temporal retention of metals has been studied in water and sediments of the Gavião River, Anagé and Tremedal Reservoirs, located in the semi-arid region, Bahia - Brazil, in order to identify trends in the fluxes of metals from the sediments to the water column. The determination of metals was made by ICP OES and ET AAS. The application of statistical methods showed that this aquatic system presents suitable conditions to move Cd2+ and Pb2+ from the water column to the sediment.
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The flavonoid fraction was purified by a combination of chromatography on Amberlite XAD-2 and preparative silica gel TLC. Morin (3, 5, 7, 2', 4'- pentahydroxyflavone) was the only flavonol found in honey from Brazilian Citrus sp.. The structure of morin was determined on the basis of UV and ¹H and 13C NMR spectral data together with literature references. This is the first report on the isolation of morin from Brazilian Citrus honey.
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This study examined the spatial and temporal variations of six important parameters of the salt accumulation process in water samples collected along section urban of Contas River. The Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations were determined by FAAS. The conductivity, total dissolved solids, Na+ and Ca2+ presented the largest seasonal and spatial variations in the urban area demonstrated that are appropriate indicators of urban contamination. The readily soluble salts in drainage urban, contribute for the degradation of the water of rivers located in semi-arid zones.
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Alexandre Vandelli was the heir of two illustrious scientific traditions in the Luso-Brazilian world of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, that of his father, the celebrated Italian-Portuguese naturalist and chemist Domingos (Domenico) Vandelli, and that of his father-in-law, that protean figure in several scientific specialties as well as in politics, José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, who in later life was of paramount importance in the process of Brazilian independence from Portugal. The younger Vandelli followed their footsteps but soon engaged in a multiple career, at first in Portugal and later in Brazil, of which little is known and is here presented for the first time.
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A computational method to simulate the changes in the electronic structure of Ga1-xMn xN was performed in order to improve the understanding of the indirect contribution of Mn atoms. This periodic quantum-mechanical method is based on density functional theory at B3LYP level. The electronic structures are compared with experimental data of the absorption edge of the GaMnN. It was observed that the indirect influence of Mn through the structural parameters can account for the main part of the band gap variation for materials in the diluted regime (x<0.08), and is still significant for higher compositions (x~0.18).
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This work presents the optimization of the microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of [Zn(BDC)(H2O)2]n . The reactions were carried out at the fixed temperature of 120 ºC for 10, 20, 30 and 40 min. Pure crystalline [Zn(BDC)(H2O)2]n was obtained in high yield (ca. 90%) with a reaction time of 10 min. The phase obtained and its purity was confirmed by Rietveld refinement, with a final value for Rwp/Rexp equal to 1.48. Increased reaction times (20, 30 and 40 min) favored the formation of unwanted by products, resulting in mixtures of several crystalline phases.
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This paper presents a multivariate statistical analysis as a valuable tool for educational management applied to public high school chemistry teacher formation. From 2003 to 2007, a decrease of 10% in the number of public high schools was seen, as well as a reduction of 7% in the number of teachers. Contrarily, there was an increase in the number of university graduate teachers. Principal Component Analyses reveal that in 2003, most chemistry teachers were not university graduates. In 2007, eight Regional Offices of Education reported teachers holding academic degrees, qualifying them as chemistry teacher in the school system