330 resultados para Cão - Olhos - Cirurgia
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Estudar os achados radiológicos encontrados na seriografia digestiva alta no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia de Fobi-Capella. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo radiológico de 41 pacientes realizado seis a nove meses após a cirurgia de Fobi-Capella. RESULTADOS: As alterações encontradas foram hérnia hiatal (17%), refluxo gastroesofágico (19,5%) e deslizamento do anel (4,8%). Os achados menos freqüentes foram fístula enterocutânea (2,4%), estenose da anastomose gastrojejunal (2,4%), bezoar (2,4%) e não-visualização do anel em decorrência da sua retirada por intolerância (2,4%). As alterações anatômicas da cirurgia foram claramente demonstradas. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo foi capaz de demonstrar as alterações anatômicas e as complicações da cirurgia de Fobi-Capella.
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a profundidade das fossas olfatórias e a freqüência de assimetria na altura e na inclinação lateral do contorno do teto etmoidal. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 200 tomografias computadorizadas dos seios da face no plano coronal realizadas no período de agosto a dezembro de 2006. As profundidades das fossas olfatórias foram classificadas segundo Keros. O teto etmoidal foi avaliado quanto à simetria entre os lados. RESULTADOS: O tipo de Keros mais encontrado foi o tipo II (73,3%), seguido do tipo I (26,3%) e do tipo III (0,5%). Em 12% (24 exames) havia assimetria entre os lados quanto à altura do teto etmoidal, e em 48,5% (97 exames) observou-se assimetria do contorno do teto, com inclinação lateral da lâmina crivosa de um dos lados. CONCLUSÃO: Em relação à profundidade das fossas olfatórias, o tipo II de Keros foi o mais freqüente. Verificou-se que a assimetria do teto do seio etmoidal, na maioria dos casos, estava relacionada com a inclinação lateral da lamela lateral da lâmina crivosa.
Resumo:
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as características de textura de lesões de mama em imagens por ultrassom de pacientes submetidas a cirurgia conservadora que apresentaram, ou não, recidiva. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: As imagens de ultrassom de 36 pacientes submetidas a cirurgia conservadora, com 12 tendo apresentado recidiva local e 24 que não apresentaram recidiva no local da cirurgia, foram divididas em: 3 malignas na mama oposta, 7 nódulos benignos, 5 hiperplasias atípicas e 9 alterações fibrocísticas. A textura das lesões foi quantificada utilizando-se dez parâmetros calculados da matriz de coocorrência e da curva de complexidade. Análise discriminante linear foi aplicada aos parâmetros para discriminação de lesões de mama em pacientes submetidas a cirurgia conservadora que apresentaram, ou não, recidiva. RESULTADOS: Avaliando-se a capacidade dos parâmetros em distinguir as recidivas do grupo composto por lesões não recidivas benignas e hiperplasias atípicas, obteve-se especificidade de 100%, com valores de acurácia e sensibilidade superiores a 91%. Num segundo teste, foi possível distinguir as cinco hiperplasias, das lesões não recidivas benignas. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do número reduzido de casos, os resultados obtidos são encorajadores, sugerindo que o uso da quantificação da textura pode auxiliar na diferenciação entre lesões benignas, hiperplasias atípicas e lesões malignas de origem recidiva.
Resumo:
The hydrocarbonylation reaction of ethanol with a CO/H2 mixture assisted by Ru(acac)3/iodide was investigated. Bronsted and Lewis acids and iodides salt were used as homogeneous promoters. The etherification reaction was the main reaction under typical acidic conditions of the catalytic system. When a hydrocarbon solvent (toluene) was added to the initial reaction, the alcohol conversion and the carbonylation products were increased. The catalytic activity of the Bronsted acids (conv. EtOH = 71-92%) was higher than that of the Lewis acids promoters (conv. EtOH = 65-85%). The salt present the lower catalytic activity among the promoters used. The long time reaction carried out with ethanol showed an increase of the product selectivity of the homologation and carbonylation reactions while the etherification reaction selectivity decreased. The recycled ether led to 60-65% ethanol conversion to C5 and C6 products. The main catalytic species are H+[Ru(CO)3I3]-, [HRu3(CO)11]- and [HRu(CO)4]-. The first one is active in the carbonylation and homologation reactions of alcohols while the two others take part only in the homologation reaction.
Resumo:
This paper describes the development and characterisation of Ni-Co coatings to be used as anodes in water electrolysis. Chemical oxidation of the surface was performed through thermal treatment at 400ºC for 10 h. The resulting surfaces were analysed by X-ray diffraction, EDX, SEM, cyclic voltammetry and constant current electrolysis. The electrochemical oxidation occurring on bare surfaces during electrolysis promotes the formation of thick oxide layers resulting in loss of activity. In oxidised surfaces the chemical Ni-Co oxide grown during the thermal treatment prevents further oxidation thus retaining their activity towards oxygen evolution. An optimum condition for the growth of mixed oxide with high activity was found for the bath containing 50 g L-1 CoSO4.
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The present work describes a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at low concentration levels, on line, in ethylene and hydrogen lines. These gases were separated in a column filled with Porapak Q, converted to methane and quantified by a flame ionization detector. Some modifications were made in the injection system and in the lines of the carrier gas. The detection limits of 2,6 ppbV and 4,85 ppbV for CO and CO2, respectively, were reached after modifications.
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Cp'Mn(CO)3 (Cp'=h5-C5H4-CH 3) reacts with P(C6H5)2H in THF to give Cp'(CO)2MnPPh2H (Ph = Phenyl) (1), by substitution of one CO ligand. The reaction of 1 with CH3COCl and CH3S(O)2Cl in the presence of triethylamine occurs under electrophilic substitution on the diphenylphosphan ligand to yield the acetyl- and sulfonylphosphane complexes of manganese(I) Cp'(CO)2MnPPh2COCH3 (2) and Cp'(CO)2MnPPh2S(O)2 CH3 (3). The complex stabilisation of these molecules, wich are hitherto unknown in the free state, is only accomplished by blocking the free electron pair on phosphorus by coordination. The new complexes 1, 2 and 3 were analysed by IR, ¹H-NMR and 31P-MNR spectroscopy and their similar structures are discusssed.
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The series of compounds cis-[Fe(CO)4(HgX)2], X=Cl,Br,I shows an octahedral geometry around the iron atom with the two HgX groups cis to each other. In this paper the assignment for the carbonyl stretching modes and the calculation of their force constants were performed on the basis of the Cotton-Krainhanzel model. Taking into account all the data from the IR, 199Hg NMR and UV-vis spectra it is possible to verify the influence of X on the electronic densities at the metallic centers.
Resumo:
The kinetic parameters for the CO oxidation reaction using copper/alumina-modified ceria as catalysts were determined. The catalysts with different concentrations of the metals were prepared using impregnation methods. In addition, the reduction-oxidation behaviour of the catalysts were investigated by temperature-programmed reduction. The activity results show that the mechanism for CO oxidation is bifunctional : oxygen is activated on the anionic vacancies of ceria surface, while carbon monoxide is adsorbed preferentially on the higher oxidation copper site. Therefore, the reaction occurs on the interfacial active centers. Temperatures-programmed Reduction patterns show a higher disperdion when cerium oxide is present.
Resumo:
The binuclear [Fe(CNBu t)(CO)4(HgSO4 )] adduct was obtained in the reaction of HgSO4 with [Fe(CNBu t)(CO)4] in methanol. This adduct, without a similar in the homoleptic pentacarbonyliron, was characterized by analytical and spectroscopic data. Further Mössbauer and molar conductivity studies have confirmed it's adduct nature.
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Cadmium UPD on Au was studied by voltammetric and microgravimetric measurements. In the oxide formation/reduction potential region, a mass increasing/decreasing of 32 ng cm-2 was associated to incorporation/elimination of one oxygen per active site. The modifications promoted in the voltammetric and mass profiles by 10-5 M Cd(ClO4)2 are restricted to potentials more negative than 0.4 V. After a 120 s potential delay at 0.05 V, the positive sweep reveals an anodic peak with charge of 40 muC cm-2 and mass decrease of 22 ng cm-2, associated to Cd ads dissolution. Sulphate or chloride was added to the solution without significant influence, due to the low coverage with Cd or anions.
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IR bands related to M-C stretchings are not diagnostically significant for the identification of carbonyl groups in the spectra of carbonyl complexes. Otherwise, the frequency, intensity and number of bands for the CO stretchings provide very useful informations about the number of CO ligands and many others structural proprieties, like the presence of bridged CO groups. We report about a relatively simple and useful method for the determination of the CO stretchings of carbonyl complexes, which considers only the bond stretching internal coordinates of the CO groups.